﻿149 
  

  

  These 
  are 
  but 
  a 
  very 
  few 
  of 
  many 
  examples 
  which 
  prove 
  the 
  

   undoubted 
  value 
  of 
  birds 
  to 
  the 
  forester. 
  That 
  birds 
  destroy 
  useful 
  

   insects 
  and 
  the 
  parasites 
  of 
  insect 
  pests 
  is 
  undeniable. 
  In 
  this 
  con- 
  

   nection 
  it 
  is 
  mentioned 
  that 
  ichneumons 
  are 
  very 
  seldom 
  found 
  in 
  a 
  

   bird's 
  stomach, 
  but 
  this 
  is 
  only 
  an 
  exception 
  to 
  the 
  general 
  rule, 
  which 
  

   may 
  sometimes 
  render 
  these 
  feathered 
  aUies 
  doubtful 
  auxiliaries. 
  In 
  

   conclusion, 
  the 
  author 
  points 
  out 
  that 
  both 
  spraying 
  and 
  fumigation 
  

   destroy 
  the 
  parasite 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  pest 
  ; 
  that 
  the 
  cost 
  of 
  bird 
  pro- 
  

   tection 
  is 
  low 
  ; 
  that 
  birds 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  hunt 
  out 
  concealed 
  pests, 
  some 
  

   of 
  which, 
  as 
  for 
  instance 
  the 
  oak 
  Tortrix, 
  larch 
  miner, 
  the 
  processionary 
  

   caterpillar, 
  Zeuzera, 
  Saperda 
  and 
  wood-ants, 
  are 
  not 
  amenable 
  to 
  

   mechanical 
  control. 
  

  

  MoRSTATT 
  (H.). 
  Die 
  Wanderheuschrecken 
  und 
  ihre 
  Bekampfung. 
  

  

  [Locusts 
  and 
  their 
  control.] 
  — 
  Flughlatt 
  zum 
  Pflanzer, 
  Dar-Es- 
  

   Salaam, 
  Dec. 
  1913, 
  no. 
  7, 
  7 
  pp. 
  

  

  In 
  German 
  East 
  Africa 
  locusts 
  only 
  appear 
  at 
  intervals 
  of 
  several 
  

   years, 
  far 
  less 
  frequently 
  than 
  in 
  countries 
  farther 
  south. 
  They 
  

   occurred 
  in 
  1893, 
  1898, 
  and 
  1903-1904, 
  and 
  one 
  swarm 
  alighted 
  in 
  

   West 
  Usambara 
  in 
  1905. 
  On 
  the 
  20th 
  Nov. 
  1913, 
  shortly 
  before 
  the 
  

   beginning 
  of 
  the 
  monsoon, 
  some 
  scattered 
  swarms 
  were 
  observed 
  in 
  

   Usambara, 
  coming 
  from 
  the 
  north-east. 
  They 
  come 
  from 
  the 
  interior 
  

   of 
  the 
  continent 
  and 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  yellow 
  or 
  Egyptian 
  species 
  {Schisto- 
  

   cerca 
  peregrina, 
  Oliv.). 
  Regarding 
  control, 
  the 
  methods 
  and 
  formulae 
  

   given 
  are 
  those 
  in 
  use 
  in 
  South 
  Africa. 
  Full 
  reference 
  is 
  made 
  to 
  the 
  

   work 
  at 
  one 
  time 
  carried 
  on 
  bv 
  the 
  South 
  African 
  Central 
  Locust 
  

   Bureau 
  and 
  now 
  performed 
  by 
  the 
  Bureau 
  of 
  Entomology, 
  Pretoria. 
  

   The 
  paper 
  concludes 
  with 
  a 
  bibliography. 
  

  

  Martelli 
  (G.). 
  Prime 
  esperienze 
  in 
  Italia 
  sull'impiego 
  dei 
  vapori 
  di 
  

   acido 
  cianidrico 
  contro 
  le 
  Cocciniglie 
  dannose. 
  [First 
  experiments 
  

   in 
  Italy 
  with 
  hydrocyanic 
  acid 
  against 
  Coccids.] 
  — 
  Giorn. 
  Agric. 
  

   Merid., 
  Messina, 
  vi, 
  nos. 
  10-11-12, 
  Oct.-Nov.-Dec. 
  1913, 
  

   pp. 
  169-174. 
  

  

  In 
  Sicily 
  the 
  closeness 
  with 
  which 
  the 
  lemon 
  trees 
  are 
  planted 
  leads 
  

   to 
  the 
  entangling 
  of 
  their 
  branches, 
  so 
  that 
  fumigation 
  with 
  hydro- 
  

   cyanic 
  acid 
  — 
  ^the 
  most 
  powerful 
  control 
  known 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  

   and 
  Spain 
  — 
  appeared 
  impracticable. 
  An 
  opportunity 
  of 
  testing 
  this 
  

   method 
  having 
  occurred, 
  the 
  author 
  found 
  that 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  difficulties 
  

   apprehended 
  did 
  not 
  exist. 
  In 
  fact, 
  the 
  occasions 
  on 
  which 
  the 
  

   fumigation 
  tent 
  could 
  be 
  used 
  were 
  fairly 
  numerous, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  

   young 
  trees, 
  trees 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  radically 
  pruned, 
  and 
  trees 
  growing 
  

   in 
  groups 
  of 
  three 
  or 
  four. 
  The 
  cost 
  of 
  this 
  method 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  worked 
  

   out, 
  but 
  as 
  the 
  effect 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  fumigation 
  lasts 
  for 
  two 
  years, 
  the 
  

   author 
  believes 
  that 
  under 
  certain 
  conditions 
  of 
  co-operation 
  among 
  

   the 
  Sicilian 
  growers, 
  economy 
  may 
  be 
  expected. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  doubt 
  

   as 
  to 
  its 
  efficacy. 
  Comparative 
  examination 
  showed 
  that 
  of 
  several 
  

   hundreds 
  of 
  Coccids 
  found 
  on 
  fumigated 
  plants 
  97*3 
  per 
  cent, 
  were 
  

   dead, 
  whereas 
  only 
  10 
  3 
  per 
  cent, 
  had 
  died 
  from 
  natural 
  causes 
  on 
  plants 
  

   which 
  had 
  not 
  been 
  treated. 
  

  

  