﻿159 
  

  

  LovETT 
  (A. 
  L.). 
  Insect 
  Pests 
  of 
  Truck 
  and 
  Garden 
  Crops. 
  — 
  Oregon 
  

   Agric. 
  Coll., 
  Corvallis., 
  Bull. 
  91, 
  (Ext 
  en. 
  Ser. 
  II, 
  no. 
  5.) 
  1913, 
  

   39 
  pp., 
  13 
  figs 
  

  

  Truck-growing 
  is 
  followed 
  on 
  a 
  commercial 
  scale 
  in 
  limited 
  areas 
  of 
  

   Oregon, 
  and 
  the 
  total 
  amount 
  of 
  injury 
  to 
  truck 
  and 
  garden 
  crops 
  by 
  

   insect 
  pests 
  is 
  enormous. 
  Having 
  the 
  crop 
  in 
  a 
  clean, 
  thrifty, 
  gro\ving 
  

   condition 
  is 
  the 
  initial 
  step, 
  and 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  insecticides 
  is 
  essential 
  

   to 
  the 
  highest 
  production 
  of 
  first-class 
  truck 
  and 
  garden 
  crops. 
  To 
  be 
  

   of 
  most 
  value 
  sprays 
  should 
  be 
  applied 
  before 
  the 
  injury 
  is 
  apparent. 
  

   The 
  careful 
  rotation 
  of 
  crops 
  ; 
  autumn, 
  winter 
  and 
  early 
  spring 
  

   ploughing 
  ; 
  clean 
  cultivation 
  ; 
  care 
  as 
  to 
  time 
  of 
  planting 
  ; 
  the 
  

   proper 
  use 
  of 
  fertilisers 
  ; 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  trap 
  crops 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  frequent 
  

   examination 
  of 
  young 
  plants 
  for 
  insect 
  pests 
  ; 
  these 
  are 
  all 
  valuable 
  

   measures. 
  

  

  Among 
  general 
  pests 
  the 
  cutworms 
  (Noctuidae) 
  cause 
  much 
  

   damage. 
  As 
  a 
  control 
  measure 
  is 
  suggested 
  late 
  summer, 
  autumn, 
  

   or 
  early 
  spring 
  ploughing, 
  followed 
  by 
  frequent 
  stirrings 
  with 
  the 
  

   harrow. 
  By 
  thus 
  keeping 
  dowai 
  all 
  vegetation 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  are 
  

   starved 
  out. 
  Poisoned 
  bran 
  mash 
  is 
  the 
  standard 
  remedy 
  for 
  cut- 
  

   worms. 
  This 
  consists 
  of 
  16 
  lb. 
  of 
  coarse 
  bran, 
  h 
  lb. 
  Paris 
  green, 
  I 
  lb. 
  

   salt 
  and 
  a 
  quart 
  of 
  cheap 
  syrup, 
  mixed 
  with 
  warm 
  water 
  to 
  make 
  a 
  

   coarse, 
  crumbly 
  mash, 
  which 
  should 
  be 
  spread 
  broadcast 
  over 
  the 
  

   field 
  several 
  days 
  before 
  the 
  new 
  crop 
  is 
  to 
  appear. 
  Small 
  heaps 
  of 
  the 
  

   mash 
  may 
  be 
  placed 
  about 
  young 
  plants, 
  such 
  as 
  tomatoes, 
  cabbages 
  

   and 
  melons. 
  It 
  is 
  advisable 
  to 
  scatter 
  the 
  material 
  in 
  the 
  evening 
  so 
  

   that 
  it 
  may 
  remain 
  moist 
  for 
  a 
  longer 
  time. 
  Against 
  grasshoppers 
  

   (Acridiidae), 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  a 
  disk-harrow 
  or 
  a 
  renovator 
  during 
  late 
  

   summer 
  and 
  autumn 
  on 
  grass 
  lands 
  adjacent 
  to 
  the 
  truck 
  fields 
  would 
  

   destroy 
  many 
  egg-capsules. 
  The 
  poisoned 
  bran 
  mash 
  is 
  as 
  effective 
  

   against 
  grasshoppers 
  as 
  against 
  cutworms, 
  the 
  former 
  being 
  especially 
  

   fond 
  of 
  the 
  salt 
  in 
  it. 
  The 
  tarnished 
  plant 
  bug 
  [Lygus 
  pratensis, 
  Linn.) 
  

   is 
  a 
  widespread 
  pest. 
  Many 
  of 
  these 
  insects 
  may 
  be 
  captured 
  by 
  

   sweeping 
  over 
  the 
  plants 
  frequently 
  with 
  an 
  ordinary 
  insect 
  net. 
  

   A 
  7 
  per 
  cent, 
  kerosene 
  solution 
  is 
  very 
  effective 
  against 
  the 
  nymphal 
  

   forms. 
  Cleaning 
  up 
  fence 
  corners, 
  etc., 
  during 
  the 
  winter 
  and 
  keeping 
  

   down 
  the 
  weeds 
  about 
  the 
  field 
  are 
  measures 
  of 
  special 
  value 
  for 
  the 
  

   control 
  of 
  this 
  pest. 
  The 
  wireworms 
  (Elateridae) 
  cause 
  injury 
  by 
  

   eating 
  the 
  germ 
  of 
  seed 
  grain 
  and 
  excavating 
  tunnels 
  in 
  potato 
  tubers, 
  

   and 
  other 
  seeds, 
  bulbs 
  and 
  root 
  crops 
  often 
  suffer 
  in 
  a 
  similar 
  manner. 
  

   As 
  control 
  measures, 
  plough 
  in 
  late 
  summer 
  and 
  harrow 
  the 
  ground 
  

   frequently 
  ; 
  rotate 
  the 
  crops, 
  sowing 
  the 
  infested 
  soil 
  with 
  a 
  leguminous 
  

   crop 
  for 
  a 
  season 
  or 
  two 
  ; 
  on 
  restricted 
  areas 
  poisoned 
  baits 
  of 
  bran 
  

   mash 
  may 
  be 
  placed 
  under 
  stones 
  or 
  boards 
  about 
  the 
  field. 
  White 
  

   grubs 
  (Lachnosterna 
  spp.) 
  girdle 
  large 
  roots 
  and 
  completely 
  eat 
  off 
  the 
  

   smaller 
  ones, 
  often 
  killing 
  the 
  plant 
  attacked. 
  As 
  a 
  control 
  measure, 
  

   plough 
  the 
  soil 
  to 
  a 
  good 
  depth 
  during 
  the 
  autumn, 
  ordinarily 
  from 
  

   1st 
  to 
  15th 
  October 
  will 
  prove 
  the 
  best 
  time. 
  Crop 
  rotation 
  is 
  of 
  some 
  

   value, 
  and 
  chickens 
  trained 
  to 
  follow 
  the 
  plough 
  will 
  pick 
  up 
  many 
  

   grubs. 
  Millepedes 
  may 
  cause 
  much 
  injury 
  to 
  garden 
  and 
  truck 
  crops. 
  

   The 
  treatment 
  recommended 
  for 
  wireworms 
  should 
  be 
  of 
  value. 
  

   Dressings 
  of 
  a 
  nitrate 
  fertiliser, 
  of 
  salt 
  or 
  of 
  rock 
  lime, 
  will 
  probablv 
  be 
  

   useful 
  ; 
  and 
  a 
  soil 
  dressing 
  of 
  10 
  parts 
  of 
  sulphur 
  and 
  one 
  part 
  of 
  

  

  