﻿209 
  

  

  Fletcher 
  (T. 
  B.). 
  List 
  of 
  Insect 
  Pests 
  of 
  Cultivated 
  Plants 
  in 
  Southern 
  

   India. 
  — 
  Madras 
  Dept. 
  Agric, 
  Coimhatore, 
  note 
  no. 
  1 
  of 
  1913, 
  8th 
  

   Oct. 
  1913, 
  15 
  pp. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  list 
  of 
  the 
  principal 
  crop-pests 
  of 
  Southern 
  India, 
  and 
  con- 
  

   tains 
  information 
  regarding 
  275 
  different 
  species, 
  giving 
  their 
  distri- 
  

   bution, 
  the 
  crops 
  they 
  attack, 
  and 
  remarks 
  as 
  to 
  their 
  relative 
  impor- 
  

   tance. 
  The 
  hst 
  does 
  not 
  purport 
  to 
  be 
  complete, 
  as 
  new 
  pests 
  are 
  

   constantly 
  coming 
  to 
  hght. 
  The 
  insects 
  dealt 
  with 
  are 
  referable 
  to 
  

   the 
  following 
  orders 
  : 
  — 
  Hymenoptera 
  5 
  species, 
  Coleoptera 
  61 
  species, 
  

   Diptera 
  8 
  species, 
  Lepidoptera 
  119 
  species, 
  Rhynchota 
  64 
  species, 
  

   Orthoptera 
  15 
  species, 
  Isoptera 
  2 
  species 
  and 
  Thysanoptera 
  1 
  species. 
  

   It 
  should 
  prove 
  a 
  very 
  useful 
  pamphlet, 
  and 
  the 
  tabular 
  arrangement 
  

   adopted 
  is 
  very 
  handy 
  for 
  reference. 
  

  

  MoLz 
  (E.) 
  Chemische 
  Mittel 
  zur 
  Bekampfung 
  von 
  Schadlingen 
  land- 
  

   wirtschaftlicher 
  Kulturpflanzen. 
  [Chemical 
  means 
  of 
  combating 
  

   pests 
  of 
  cultivated 
  plants.] 
  — 
  Zeits. 
  Angewandte 
  Chemie, 
  Leipzig 
  

   xxvi, 
  nos. 
  77 
  & 
  79, 
  26th 
  Sept. 
  1913 
  and 
  3rd 
  Oct. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  533- 
  

   536, 
  587-588. 
  

  

  The 
  paper 
  deals 
  with 
  the 
  chemistry 
  of 
  insecticides 
  and 
  fungicides, 
  

   the 
  action 
  of 
  chemicals 
  upon 
  insects 
  and 
  parasitic 
  plants 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  

   host 
  plant, 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  possible 
  risks 
  of 
  injury 
  to 
  man 
  or 
  animals 
  by 
  

   the 
  use 
  of 
  these 
  substances. 
  

  

  Copper 
  sulphate, 
  which 
  has 
  long 
  been 
  used 
  as 
  a 
  fungicide, 
  has 
  only 
  

   of 
  recent 
  years 
  been 
  regarded 
  as 
  a 
  useful 
  insecticide. 
  Guillon 
  in 
  cen- 
  

   tral 
  and 
  southern 
  France 
  found 
  that 
  a 
  copper-lime 
  mixture 
  was 
  effec- 
  

   tual 
  against 
  grasshoppers, 
  and 
  in 
  1911 
  the 
  author, 
  as 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  direct 
  

   experiment, 
  found 
  that 
  the 
  same 
  mixture 
  protected 
  foliage 
  from 
  the 
  

   attack 
  of 
  caterpillars 
  ; 
  in 
  both 
  cases 
  the 
  effect 
  being 
  due 
  not 
  to 
  the 
  

   lime, 
  but 
  to 
  the 
  copper 
  salt. 
  It 
  was 
  foimd 
  that 
  solutions 
  containing 
  

   less 
  than 
  2 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  copper 
  sulphate 
  were 
  useless, 
  to 
  which 
  fact 
  is 
  

   attributed 
  the 
  failure 
  in 
  certain 
  cases 
  to 
  destroy 
  pests 
  with 
  this 
  

   preparation. 
  

  

  Sulphur 
  is 
  a 
  useful 
  remedy 
  against 
  many 
  insects, 
  especially 
  against 
  

   red 
  spider 
  (Tetranychns) 
  and 
  flea-beetles, 
  e.g. 
  Haltica 
  ampelophaga, 
  

   upon 
  which 
  it 
  acts 
  not 
  only 
  as 
  a 
  direct 
  poison 
  but 
  as 
  a 
  repellant. 
  In 
  

   some 
  cases 
  this 
  has 
  had 
  the 
  undesired 
  effect 
  of 
  driving 
  away 
  insects 
  

   which 
  are 
  useful 
  in 
  destroying 
  harmful 
  insects, 
  as 
  in 
  a 
  case 
  observed 
  

   by 
  the 
  author 
  when 
  the 
  application 
  of 
  sulphur 
  to 
  vines 
  to 
  rid 
  them 
  of 
  

   the 
  vine 
  moth 
  resulted 
  instead 
  in 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  earwigs, 
  a 
  

   natural 
  enemy 
  of 
  these 
  pests. 
  Sulphur 
  is 
  often 
  applied 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  

   a 
  polysulphide 
  of 
  potassium 
  (Kj 
  Ss), 
  the 
  Uver 
  of 
  sulphur 
  of 
  commerce. 
  

   Liver 
  of 
  sulphur 
  must 
  not 
  be 
  used 
  stronger 
  than 
  1 
  lb. 
  in 
  20 
  gals, 
  of 
  

   water, 
  otherwise 
  the 
  foliage 
  is 
  damaged. 
  The 
  author 
  prepared 
  a 
  very 
  

   satisfactory 
  mixture 
  as 
  a 
  remedy 
  for 
  red 
  spider 
  by 
  adding 
  23 
  per 
  cent, 
  

   of 
  soft 
  soap 
  to 
  the 
  Uver 
  of 
  sulphur 
  mixture, 
  whereby 
  the 
  efficiency 
  

   was 
  greatly 
  increased. 
  More 
  important 
  than 
  liver 
  of 
  sulphur 
  

   is 
  the 
  lime-sulphur 
  mixture. 
  In 
  America 
  this 
  has 
  proved 
  a 
  valuable 
  

   remedy 
  against 
  the 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  {Aspidiotus 
  perniciosi(s), 
  and 
  has 
  

   been 
  used 
  successfully 
  in 
  Germany, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  known 
  in 
  commerce 
  

   as 
  " 
  Calif 
  ornische 
  Briihe." 
  It 
  is 
  prepared 
  by 
  boiling 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  

  

  