﻿213 
  

  

  KuLAGIN 
  (N. 
  M). 
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  [Injurious 
  insects 
  and 
  methods 
  of 
  lighting 
  them.] 
  — 
  Second 
  revised 
  

   and 
  considerably 
  enlarged 
  edition. 
  Moscow, 
  1913, 
  783 
  pp. 
  

  

  Those 
  who 
  have 
  to 
  deal 
  with 
  Russian 
  Economic 
  Entomology 
  will 
  

   be 
  grateful 
  to 
  the 
  author 
  for 
  providing 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  detailed 
  and 
  well 
  

   arranged 
  information 
  on 
  the 
  subject 
  and 
  an 
  excellent 
  guide 
  to 
  the 
  

   insect 
  pests 
  of 
  crops 
  over 
  a 
  vast 
  extent 
  of 
  country, 
  embracing 
  wide 
  

   variations 
  of 
  chmate 
  and 
  local 
  conditions, 
  and 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  unit 
  of 
  

   area 
  of 
  individual 
  crops 
  is 
  more 
  easily 
  reckoned 
  by 
  square 
  miles 
  than 
  

   by 
  acres, 
  while 
  the 
  damage 
  done 
  by 
  certain 
  pests 
  in 
  a 
  single 
  season 
  

   Avould 
  be 
  equivalent 
  to 
  the 
  virtual 
  wiping 
  out 
  of 
  that 
  crop 
  in 
  several 
  

   English 
  counties. 
  A 
  series 
  of 
  lectures, 
  delivered 
  by 
  the 
  author 
  at 
  

   the 
  Moscow 
  Agricultural 
  Institute, 
  form 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  the 
  book 
  and 
  in 
  

   accordance 
  with 
  the 
  programme 
  of 
  these 
  lectures 
  the 
  author 
  has 
  more 
  

   or 
  less 
  confined 
  his 
  attention 
  to 
  the 
  pests 
  of 
  field 
  crops, 
  orchards 
  and 
  

   gardens, 
  dealing 
  only 
  with 
  the 
  more 
  important 
  forest 
  pests. 
  In 
  this, 
  

   the 
  second 
  edition, 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  insects 
  dealt 
  with 
  has 
  been 
  very 
  

   greatly 
  increased 
  and 
  the 
  information 
  regarding 
  each 
  enlarged, 
  and 
  

   brought 
  up 
  to 
  date. 
  As 
  the 
  book 
  deals 
  with 
  the 
  subject 
  from 
  the 
  

   Russian 
  point 
  of 
  view 
  and 
  is 
  intended 
  for 
  Russians, 
  the 
  author 
  has 
  

   chiefly 
  relied 
  on 
  Russian 
  entomological 
  literature, 
  local 
  conditions 
  

   being, 
  as 
  he 
  insists, 
  the 
  principal 
  factor 
  to 
  be 
  considered 
  in 
  fighting 
  

   an 
  insect 
  pest. 
  A 
  number 
  of 
  remedies 
  are 
  dealt 
  with, 
  the 
  real 
  effica- 
  

   ciousness 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  still 
  not 
  proven, 
  but 
  which 
  may 
  nevertheless 
  

   ultimately 
  be 
  of 
  value. 
  The 
  author 
  has 
  advisedly 
  made 
  use 
  of 
  the 
  

   best 
  known 
  scientific 
  names, 
  despite 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  many 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  

   no 
  longer 
  held 
  to 
  be 
  correct, 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  that 
  by 
  so 
  doing 
  he 
  has 
  

   avoided 
  the 
  confusion 
  which 
  would 
  inevitablv 
  have 
  arisen 
  had 
  he 
  

   endeavoured 
  to 
  incorporate 
  the 
  recent 
  frequent 
  and 
  rapid 
  changes 
  in 
  

   nomenclature. 
  

  

  The 
  subject 
  matter 
  is 
  arranged 
  under 
  the 
  insects 
  in 
  their 
  systematic 
  

   order, 
  descriptions 
  being 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  groups, 
  famihes 
  and 
  

   genera, 
  while 
  the 
  individual 
  species 
  are 
  dealt 
  with 
  most 
  comprehen- 
  

   sively. 
  The 
  last 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  book 
  is 
  devoted 
  to 
  a 
  general 
  review 
  of 
  

   the 
  scientific 
  methods 
  of 
  fighting 
  insect 
  pests. 
  Chief 
  amongst 
  the 
  

   latter 
  the 
  author 
  puts 
  the 
  organisation 
  of 
  Entomological 
  Stations, 
  

   and 
  he 
  quotes 
  from 
  the 
  report 
  of 
  a 
  special 
  committee, 
  which, 
  under 
  his 
  

   chairmanship, 
  investigated 
  the 
  question 
  of 
  the 
  objects 
  and 
  duties 
  of 
  

   such 
  Stations, 
  and 
  reported 
  thereon 
  to 
  the 
  Moscow 
  Zemstvo 
  in 
  1912. 
  

   The 
  authors 
  of 
  this 
  report 
  dwell 
  upon 
  the 
  intimate 
  dependence 
  of 
  

   various 
  pests 
  upon 
  the 
  geographical 
  position 
  of 
  a 
  locahty, 
  its 
  metero- 
  

   logical 
  conditions, 
  and 
  the 
  methods 
  of 
  agricultural 
  economy 
  and 
  field 
  

   cultivation 
  prevaihng 
  therein 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  also 
  pointed 
  out 
  that 
  these 
  con- 
  

   ditions 
  may 
  be 
  very 
  different 
  even 
  in 
  closely 
  adjoining 
  areas, 
  so 
  that 
  

   an 
  exhaustive 
  study 
  of 
  these 
  factors 
  is 
  necessary, 
  and 
  the 
  results 
  

   obtained 
  in 
  the 
  laboratory 
  must 
  be 
  checked 
  by 
  observations 
  under 
  

   natural 
  conditions. 
  The 
  Stations 
  must 
  also 
  educate 
  the 
  population 
  

   by 
  means 
  of 
  lectures 
  and 
  popular 
  pamphlets, 
  and 
  by 
  sending 
  collec- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  insects 
  to 
  elementary 
  schools, 
  agricultural 
  societies, 
  etc. 
  ; 
  

   they 
  should 
  further 
  warn 
  the 
  pubHc 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  an 
  outbreak 
  

   of 
  various 
  pests. 
  Among 
  other 
  scientific 
  methods 
  of 
  fighting 
  injurious 
  

   insects 
  are 
  mentioned 
  crop 
  rotation 
  and 
  the 
  cultivation 
  of 
  the 
  soil 
  at 
  

  

  