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  With 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  enemies 
  of 
  Dendrolimus 
  segregatics 
  in 
  the 
  govern- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  Irkutsk, 
  they 
  consist 
  principally 
  of 
  certain 
  birds 
  and 
  parasitic 
  

   insects. 
  The 
  large 
  caterpillars 
  are 
  devoured 
  by 
  a 
  jay 
  (Garrulus 
  in- 
  

   faustus), 
  while 
  the 
  smaller 
  caterpillars 
  and 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  destroyed 
  by 
  

   Sitta 
  uralensis 
  and 
  Poecile 
  haicalensis 
  and 
  similar 
  species 
  ; 
  both 
  these 
  

   birds, 
  in 
  company 
  with 
  woodpeckers 
  and 
  the 
  nut-cracker 
  {Niccifraga 
  

   cariocatactes), 
  destroy 
  also 
  the 
  pupae. 
  The 
  most 
  active 
  parasites, 
  

   according 
  to 
  his 
  observations 
  in 
  1899, 
  were 
  : 
  — 
  Panzeria 
  rudis. 
  Fall., 
  

   and 
  Masicera 
  cespitum, 
  Macq., 
  which 
  destroyed 
  in 
  the 
  Shadarmsk 
  

   " 
  taiga 
  " 
  more 
  than 
  30 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  ; 
  while 
  the 
  egg- 
  

   parasite, 
  Telenomus 
  gracilis, 
  Mayr, 
  also 
  proved 
  very 
  useful, 
  more 
  than 
  

   half 
  of 
  the 
  eggs 
  collected 
  by 
  the 
  author 
  being 
  infested 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  young 
  

   caterpillars 
  he 
  found 
  parasites 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Rhogas. 
  Besides 
  parasites 
  

   and 
  birds, 
  the 
  insects 
  perished 
  also 
  in 
  great 
  numbers 
  from 
  a 
  bacterial 
  

   disease, 
  which 
  the 
  author 
  is 
  inchned 
  to 
  recognise 
  as 
  flacherie. 
  As 
  

   preventive 
  remedies 
  the 
  author 
  suggests 
  mixed 
  plantations, 
  consisting 
  

   of 
  deciduous 
  and 
  coniferous 
  trees, 
  oak, 
  birch, 
  beech 
  and 
  aspen 
  being 
  re- 
  

   commended 
  as 
  suitable. 
  Small 
  woods, 
  of 
  trees 
  of 
  various 
  ages, 
  even 
  when 
  

   consisting 
  only 
  of 
  pines, 
  are 
  also 
  less 
  damaged 
  by 
  the 
  insects 
  and 
  can 
  

   be 
  better 
  supervised 
  ; 
  care 
  must 
  also 
  be 
  taken 
  to 
  cultivate 
  strong 
  

   healthy 
  trees, 
  which 
  will 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  withstand 
  the 
  damage. 
  With 
  

   regard 
  to 
  destructive 
  remedies 
  he 
  recommends 
  bait-belts 
  of 
  tanglefoot 
  ; 
  

   isolation 
  avenues, 
  to 
  divide 
  the 
  attacked 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  wood 
  from 
  the 
  

   rest 
  ; 
  poisoning 
  of 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  Schweinfurt 
  green, 
  in 
  

   a 
  proportion 
  of 
  about 
  2 
  lb. 
  of 
  green 
  and 
  4 
  lb. 
  of 
  freshly 
  slacked 
  Ume 
  in 
  

   about 
  110 
  gallons 
  of 
  water. 
  The 
  handpicking 
  of 
  wintering 
  cater- 
  

   pillars 
  has 
  proved 
  to 
  have 
  very 
  little 
  efiect. 
  The 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  

   eggs 
  of 
  D. 
  pini 
  can 
  be 
  recommended 
  only 
  as 
  a 
  secondary 
  remedy, 
  and 
  

   it 
  is 
  only 
  admissible 
  when 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  signs 
  of 
  the 
  eggs 
  being 
  infested 
  

   by 
  parasites. 
  The 
  eggs 
  can 
  best 
  be 
  destroyed 
  by 
  crushing 
  or 
  smearing 
  

   them 
  over 
  with 
  naphtha 
  or 
  by 
  handpicking 
  and 
  this 
  must 
  be 
  done 
  

   quickly 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  when 
  the 
  flying 
  of 
  the 
  moths 
  is 
  nearing 
  its 
  end. 
  

   The 
  collection 
  by 
  hand 
  of 
  the 
  moths, 
  which 
  usually 
  sit 
  motionless 
  

   during 
  the 
  day, 
  not 
  very 
  high 
  above 
  the 
  earth, 
  is 
  also 
  recommended, 
  

   especially 
  before 
  oviposition 
  has 
  started 
  ; 
  the 
  collection 
  of 
  the 
  pupae 
  

   is 
  only 
  recommended 
  when 
  the 
  percentage 
  of 
  pupae 
  infected 
  by 
  para- 
  

   sites 
  is 
  small. 
  

  

  With 
  regard 
  to 
  Dendrolimus 
  segregatus, 
  such 
  remedies 
  as 
  bait-belts 
  

   do 
  not 
  appear 
  practicable 
  in 
  the 
  forests 
  of 
  Siberia. 
  But 
  the 
  fighting 
  

   of 
  the 
  pest 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  its 
  parasites 
  may 
  prove 
  very 
  successful, 
  princi- 
  

   pally 
  the 
  parasites 
  of 
  the 
  eggs, 
  such 
  as 
  Telenomus 
  gracilis 
  and 
  T. 
  

   umbripennis. 
  These 
  must 
  be 
  artificially 
  bred 
  and 
  suppHed 
  to 
  localities 
  

   threatened 
  by 
  D. 
  segregatus. 
  

  

  Devez 
  (G.). 
  La 
  Fourmi-Manioc 
  (Oecodoma 
  cephalotes). 
  — 
  L'Agronomie 
  

   Coloniale, 
  Paris, 
  i. 
  no. 
  5., 
  Nov. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  129-135; 
  i, 
  no. 
  6, 
  31st 
  

   Dec. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  164-174; 
  i, 
  no. 
  7, 
  31st 
  Jan. 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  13-18; 
  

   i, 
  no. 
  8, 
  28th 
  Feb. 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  42-51, 
  1 
  pi. 
  

  

  Opening 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  paragraphs 
  on 
  the 
  general 
  agricultural 
  conditions 
  

   in 
  French 
  Guiana, 
  the 
  author 
  draws 
  attention 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  many 
  

   people 
  have 
  given 
  up 
  agricultural 
  work, 
  and 
  this 
  he 
  beheves 
  to 
  be 
  

   due 
  to 
  the 
  many 
  discouragements 
  met 
  with 
  in 
  agriculture 
  ; 
  for 
  example. 
  

  

  