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  and 
  sorghum, 
  and 
  when 
  just 
  firmly 
  estabhshed 
  in 
  winter 
  quarters. 
  

   As 
  soon 
  as 
  the 
  harvest 
  is 
  over 
  the 
  stubble 
  should 
  be 
  mowed 
  and 
  burned 
  

   off 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  leave 
  no 
  food 
  for 
  the 
  insects, 
  and 
  the 
  weeds 
  and 
  grass 
  des- 
  

   troyed 
  by 
  thorough 
  disking. 
  This 
  would 
  compel 
  them 
  to 
  leave 
  the 
  

   field 
  in 
  search 
  of 
  food, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  passage 
  they 
  are 
  caught 
  by 
  barriers. 
  

   Two 
  types 
  of 
  barriers 
  are 
  efficient— 
  the 
  dusty 
  furrow 
  for 
  dry 
  weather 
  

   and 
  the 
  coal-tar 
  or 
  oil 
  line 
  for 
  wet 
  weather. 
  The 
  dusty 
  furrow 
  is 
  a 
  

   shallow 
  ditch 
  between 
  the 
  infested 
  and 
  non-infested 
  fields, 
  made 
  with 
  

   a 
  plough, 
  lister 
  or 
  trough 
  drag, 
  the 
  sides 
  and 
  bottom 
  of 
  which 
  have 
  

   been 
  reduced 
  to 
  a 
  fine 
  deep 
  dust. 
  The 
  insects 
  that 
  collect 
  in 
  this 
  

   furrow 
  are 
  then 
  killed 
  by 
  flaming 
  the 
  sides 
  and 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  barrier 
  

   with 
  a 
  strong 
  gasoline 
  torch, 
  the 
  most 
  efiicient 
  torch 
  used 
  being 
  the 
  

   " 
  Locust 
  Torch." 
  The 
  tar 
  or 
  oil-line 
  barrier 
  is 
  a 
  slender 
  line 
  of 
  tar 
  or 
  

   oil 
  poured 
  along 
  a 
  smooth 
  surface 
  between 
  the 
  mfested 
  and 
  non- 
  

   infested 
  fields. 
  Prof. 
  S. 
  A. 
  Forbes 
  has 
  found 
  the 
  Standard 
  Oil 
  Com- 
  

   pany's 
  No. 
  8 
  road 
  oil 
  efficient 
  and 
  road 
  oil 
  No. 
  7 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  

   a 
  highly 
  satisfactory 
  substitute 
  for 
  the 
  tar. 
  To 
  destroy 
  the 
  bugs 
  t 
  hat 
  

   may 
  get 
  across, 
  the 
  infested 
  plants 
  are 
  sprayed 
  with 
  kerosene 
  emulsion, 
  

   or, 
  better 
  still, 
  with 
  a 
  solution 
  of 
  whale-oil 
  soap 
  or 
  a 
  decoction 
  of 
  

   " 
  Black 
  Leaf 
  40." 
  The 
  destruction 
  of 
  chinch 
  bugs 
  in 
  winter 
  quarters 
  

   by 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  fire 
  has 
  proven, 
  in 
  the 
  author's 
  experience, 
  the 
  cheapest 
  

   and 
  most 
  practicable 
  method 
  of 
  solving 
  the 
  problem. 
  Fire 
  destroys 
  

   the 
  bugs 
  directly 
  or 
  leaves 
  them 
  exposed 
  to 
  the 
  weather 
  by 
  destroying 
  

   their 
  cover. 
  The 
  fire 
  must 
  be 
  handled 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  make 
  it 
  burn 
  close 
  to 
  

   the 
  crown 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  stubble 
  grows 
  and 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  firing 
  varies 
  

   wdth 
  the 
  weather. 
  November 
  and 
  December 
  burnings 
  have 
  given 
  

   the 
  best 
  results. 
  

  

  Ceratitis 
  hispaiiica 
  in 
  Algiers. 
  — 
  Bull. 
  Off. 
  Gouv. 
  Gen. 
  de 
  VAlgerie, 
  Paris, 
  

   XX, 
  no. 
  1, 
  1st 
  Jan. 
  1914, 
  p. 
  3. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  stated 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  department 
  of 
  Oran 
  orange 
  trees 
  were 
  much 
  

   damaged 
  during 
  1913 
  by 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  Ceratitis 
  kispanica, 
  which 
  

   caused 
  the 
  fruit 
  to 
  drop 
  or 
  to 
  die 
  on 
  the 
  trees. 
  Proprietors 
  were 
  

   recommended 
  to 
  place 
  bottle-traps 
  on 
  the 
  trees, 
  a 
  practice 
  which 
  was 
  

   successful 
  against 
  the 
  insect 
  in 
  other 
  parts, 
  and 
  which 
  is 
  unattended 
  

   by 
  risks 
  of 
  destroying 
  the 
  fruit 
  or 
  rendering 
  it 
  harmful 
  to 
  man 
  or 
  

   animals. 
  

  

  Contre 
  les 
  punaises 
  de 
  la 
  Vigne. 
  [Combating 
  the 
  vine 
  bug.] 
  — 
  La 
  Vie 
  

   Agric. 
  et 
  Rtirale, 
  Paris, 
  iii, 
  no. 
  6, 
  10th 
  Jan. 
  1914, 
  p. 
  167. 
  

  

  To 
  combat 
  the 
  vine 
  bug 
  {Nysius 
  senecionis) 
  it 
  is 
  recommended 
  by 
  

   M. 
  Picard 
  of 
  Montpellier 
  to 
  plant 
  at 
  intervals 
  between 
  the 
  rows 
  a 
  

   species 
  of 
  false 
  rocket 
  {Diplotaxis 
  erucoides), 
  w^hich 
  attracts 
  the 
  insects 
  ; 
  

   these 
  plants 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  watered 
  w4th 
  boiling 
  w^ater 
  or 
  a 
  corrosive 
  liquid 
  

   that 
  will 
  kill 
  the 
  insects. 
  

  

  Vignobles 
  et 
  Vins. 
  [Vineyards 
  and 
  Wines.]— 
  7?er. 
  Vitic, 
  Paris, 
  xli, 
  

   29th 
  Jan. 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  131-139. 
  

  

  This 
  commercial 
  review 
  of 
  vine-growing 
  in 
  France 
  during 
  1913 
  

   contains 
  the 
  following 
  notes. 
  In 
  the 
  Department 
  of 
  Aude 
  the 
  cater- 
  

   pillars 
  of 
  Arctia 
  caja 
  appeared 
  in 
  large 
  numbers, 
  but 
  were 
  destroyed 
  by 
  

  

  