﻿257 
  

  

  Wolff 
  (M.). 
  Der 
  KieiemspsLnnei 
  {Bu 
  pah 
  (s 
  piniarius, 
  L.). 
  — 
  Beiheft 
  zur 
  

   Zeits. 
  fur 
  Forst- 
  und 
  Jagdwesen, 
  Berlin, 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  1-290, 
  7 
  pi. 
  7 
  figs. 
  

  

  The 
  present 
  work 
  is 
  a 
  detailed 
  monograph 
  on 
  Bx 
  pal 
  us 
  piniarius, 
  L., 
  

  

  the 
  most 
  dreaded 
  of 
  pine 
  moths, 
  written 
  particularly 
  from 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  

  

  view 
  of 
  economic 
  forestry, 
  with 
  accounts 
  of 
  the 
  damage 
  it 
  causes, 
  and 
  

  

  various 
  methods 
  adopted 
  to 
  combat 
  it. 
  The 
  first 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  work 
  

  

  deals 
  entirely 
  with 
  the 
  biology 
  of 
  the 
  moth 
  and 
  contains 
  descriptions 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  various 
  stages 
  in 
  its 
  life-history, 
  accounts 
  of 
  experiments 
  and 
  

  

  obser\^ations 
  made 
  to 
  ascertain 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  eggs 
  laid, 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  

  

  , 
  development, 
  the 
  proportion 
  of 
  males 
  and 
  females 
  hatching 
  out 
  in 
  

  

  (different 
  localities, 
  etc., 
  and 
  a 
  discussion 
  of 
  the 
  nomenclature 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  [species. 
  A 
  chapter 
  deals 
  at 
  some 
  length 
  mth 
  the 
  geographical 
  distri- 
  

  

  )ution 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  at 
  former 
  times 
  and 
  at 
  present, 
  and 
  an 
  account 
  

   [is 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  conditions 
  which 
  now 
  appear 
  essential 
  to 
  its 
  existence. 
  

  

  Species 
  related 
  to 
  B. 
  piniarius 
  are 
  referred 
  to, 
  but 
  a 
  detailed 
  account 
  

   [of 
  their 
  life-histories 
  and 
  habits 
  is 
  being 
  kept 
  for 
  a 
  later 
  work. 
  An 
  

   historical 
  summary 
  is 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  damage 
  that 
  has 
  been 
  reported 
  from 
  

   various 
  localities 
  since 
  the 
  first 
  time 
  the 
  insect 
  was 
  observed 
  in 
  1780 
  

   to 
  the 
  present 
  day 
  ; 
  the 
  pathological 
  effect 
  upon 
  the 
  tree 
  is 
  also 
  dis- 
  

   cussed. 
  Parasites 
  of 
  the 
  moth 
  are 
  mentioned, 
  but 
  no 
  indication 
  is 
  

   given 
  of 
  their 
  efficiency 
  in 
  keeping 
  the 
  pest 
  under 
  control. 
  Various 
  

   methods 
  of 
  combat 
  are 
  discussed, 
  such 
  as 
  collecting 
  the 
  moths, 
  trapping 
  

   them 
  by 
  illuminants, 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  bird-lime, 
  treating 
  the 
  ground 
  in 
  which 
  

   the 
  pupae 
  are 
  developing 
  with 
  soap 
  solution, 
  etc. 
  ; 
  but 
  these 
  are 
  all 
  ' 
  

   regarded 
  by 
  the 
  author 
  as 
  either 
  too 
  costly 
  or 
  inadequate. 
  The 
  

   method 
  recommended 
  is 
  the 
  raking 
  of 
  the 
  ground 
  below 
  the 
  trees 
  to 
  

   expose 
  the 
  pupae 
  to 
  dessication 
  and 
  to 
  birds 
  ; 
  the 
  soil, 
  consisting 
  chiefly 
  

   of 
  pine-needles, 
  must 
  be 
  thoroughly 
  well 
  turned 
  over, 
  either 
  with 
  very 
  

   strong 
  rakes 
  or 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  patent 
  machines 
  described 
  and 
  figured 
  by 
  

   the 
  author. 
  The 
  book 
  is 
  well 
  illustrated. 
  

  

  KossiKov 
  (K. 
  N.). 
  npocTtMrn'm 
  cnoco5i3 
  yHMMTomeHifl 
  OawMaro 
  

  

  IHepBfl 
  MJIM 
  BaSOMeKTa 
  oaHMblXlj 
  COBOKTj. 
  [The 
  simplest 
  method 
  

   for 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  or 
  moths 
  of 
  Euxoa 
  segetum, 
  

   Schiff., 
  and 
  Feltia 
  exclamationis, 
  L.] 
  — 
  «Tpyflbl 
  Biopo 
  no 
  3hto- 
  

   Monorin 
  yneHaro 
  KoMMieia 
  fnae. 
  Ynpae. 
  3. 
  m 
  3.» 
  [Memoirs 
  of 
  

   the 
  Bureau 
  of 
  Entomology 
  of 
  the 
  Scientific 
  Committee 
  of 
  the 
  Central 
  

   Board 
  of 
  Land 
  Administration 
  and 
  Agriculture,^ 
  St. 
  Petersburg, 
  x, 
  

   no. 
  8, 
  1914, 
  11 
  pp. 
  

   The 
  author 
  starts 
  with 
  a 
  short 
  record 
  of 
  the 
  outbreaks 
  of 
  these 
  

   pests 
  during 
  the 
  last 
  few 
  years 
  in 
  parts 
  of 
  Russia 
  which 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  

   been 
  previously 
  free 
  from 
  them. 
  In 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  St. 
  Petersburg 
  

   there 
  was 
  an 
  outbreak 
  about 
  40 
  to 
  50 
  years 
  ago, 
  and 
  then 
  again 
  last 
  

   year 
  (1913), 
  when 
  the 
  insects 
  invaded 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  governments 
  

   of 
  Novgorod, 
  Olonezk, 
  and 
  Pskov 
  ; 
  they 
  also 
  devastated 
  the 
  crops 
  

   in 
  some 
  parts 
  of 
  Siberia, 
  where 
  the 
  author 
  inspected 
  the 
  havoc 
  done 
  

   by 
  them 
  in 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  Enisseisk 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  provinces 
  of 
  Akmo- 
  

   linsk 
  and 
  Semipalatinsk 
  in 
  1911 
  and 
  1912. 
  He 
  then 
  refers 
  to 
  the 
  prin- 
  

   cipal 
  remedies, 
  dividing 
  them 
  into 
  (1) 
  preventive 
  remedies, 
  such 
  as 
  

   bare-fallowing 
  the 
  fields 
  and 
  doing 
  away 
  with 
  all 
  strips 
  of 
  waste 
  

   land 
  ; 
  (2) 
  destructive 
  remedies, 
  such 
  as 
  catching 
  the 
  moths 
  on 
  fermen- 
  

  

  