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  in 
  order 
  to 
  find 
  out 
  the 
  progress 
  of 
  diseases, 
  etc., 
  during 
  the 
  winter. 
  

   Should 
  these 
  investigations 
  prove 
  that 
  an 
  outbreak 
  may 
  be 
  expected, 
  

   the 
  preventive 
  measures 
  recommended 
  are, 
  to 
  decrease 
  the 
  area 
  of 
  

   crops, 
  such 
  as 
  wheat, 
  barley, 
  and 
  especially 
  summer 
  wheat, 
  and 
  to 
  

   harvest 
  the 
  grain 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  possible. 
  As 
  the 
  insects 
  attack 
  princi- 
  

   pally 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  a 
  crop, 
  it 
  is 
  suggested 
  that 
  the 
  fields 
  be 
  made 
  square, 
  

   rather 
  than 
  long 
  parallelograms, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  reduce 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  

   margin 
  to 
  a 
  minimum. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  destructive 
  remedies 
  are 
  suggested 
  : 
  — 
  Trap 
  crops 
  of 
  

   wheat 
  and 
  rye, 
  and 
  also 
  maize, 
  the 
  soil 
  under 
  which 
  is 
  preferred 
  by 
  

   the 
  pests 
  for 
  oviposition. 
  These 
  fields 
  must 
  be 
  sow^n 
  before 
  the 
  out- 
  

   break 
  has 
  really 
  started, 
  and 
  the 
  beetles 
  which 
  concentrate 
  on 
  them 
  

   can 
  be 
  collected 
  by 
  hand, 
  while 
  the 
  eggs 
  can 
  be 
  destroyed 
  later 
  by 
  

   reploughing. 
  Reploughing 
  is 
  also 
  recommended 
  for 
  the 
  destruction 
  

   of 
  pupae, 
  in 
  spots 
  where 
  investigations 
  have 
  shown 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   large 
  numbers 
  of 
  larvae. 
  As 
  pupation 
  takes 
  place 
  after 
  May, 
  the 
  

   ploughing 
  must 
  not 
  be 
  done 
  before 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  that 
  month, 
  but 
  it 
  

   must 
  be 
  finished 
  by 
  the 
  first 
  half 
  of 
  June. 
  The 
  insects 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  

   driven 
  to 
  one 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  field 
  by 
  drawing 
  heavy 
  ropes 
  across 
  it, 
  and 
  they 
  

   can 
  then 
  be 
  collected 
  into 
  sacks 
  and 
  destroyed. 
  This 
  must 
  be 
  done 
  

   at 
  the 
  hottest 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  day, 
  when 
  the 
  beetles 
  are 
  more 
  easily 
  driven 
  

   down 
  the 
  wind 
  ; 
  if 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  wind 
  or 
  if 
  the 
  wind 
  is 
  too 
  strong, 
  this 
  

   remedy 
  becomes 
  impracticable. 
  

  

  In 
  South 
  and 
  Middle 
  Russia 
  there 
  are 
  additional 
  species 
  of 
  Anisoplia, 
  

   such 
  as 
  A. 
  cyathigera, 
  Scop., 
  A. 
  segetmn, 
  Herbst, 
  and 
  others 
  which 
  

   are 
  less 
  injurious. 
  A. 
  cyathigera 
  occurs 
  over 
  a 
  larger 
  area 
  than 
  

   A. 
  aKsfriaca, 
  heing 
  found 
  as 
  far 
  north 
  as 
  the 
  governments 
  of 
  Tula 
  and 
  

   Kazan 
  ; 
  while 
  A. 
  segetmn 
  ranges 
  from 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  Kurland 
  in 
  

   the 
  west 
  to 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  Simbirsk 
  in 
  the 
  east. 
  They 
  usually 
  

   appear 
  earlier 
  than 
  A. 
  austriaca. 
  A. 
  cyathigera 
  injures 
  grain 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  

   manner 
  as 
  the 
  latter 
  species, 
  and 
  as 
  its 
  habits 
  are 
  similar, 
  the 
  remedies 
  

   recommended 
  may 
  prove 
  effective 
  against 
  this 
  pest 
  as 
  well. 
  The 
  

   damage 
  done 
  by 
  A. 
  segetum 
  is 
  not 
  very 
  serious, 
  consisting 
  chiefly 
  in 
  

   the 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  inflorescence 
  of 
  the 
  grain. 
  It 
  disappears 
  from 
  

   the 
  field 
  sometimes 
  even 
  before 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  July. 
  

  

  A 
  synoptical 
  table 
  to 
  facilitate 
  the 
  identification 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  

   species 
  of 
  Anisoplia, 
  another 
  giving 
  the 
  distinctive 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  

   commoner 
  Lamellicorn 
  larvae 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  soil, 
  and 
  two 
  coloured 
  

   plates, 
  are 
  appended. 
  

  

  Rabinovich 
  (A.). 
  ripocToe 
  cpeflCTBO 
  npoTiiBij 
  neHKM. 
  [A 
  simple 
  

   remedy 
  against 
  Epicometis 
  hirtella, 
  L.] 
  — 
  « 
  flporpecCMBHOe 
  CaflO- 
  

   BOflCTBO 
  H 
  OropOAHMHeCTBO 
  .» 
  [Progressive 
  Horticulture 
  and 
  Market- 
  

   Gardening.'] 
  St. 
  Petersbarg, 
  no. 
  5, 
  15th 
  Feb. 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  137-138. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  gives 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  a 
  remedy 
  against 
  Epicometis 
  hirtella, 
  

   L. 
  (Tropinota 
  hirta, 
  Poda) 
  which 
  he 
  has 
  successfully 
  applied 
  during 
  

   the 
  last 
  8-10 
  years 
  and 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  which 
  he 
  has 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  keep 
  the 
  

   insect 
  entirely 
  under 
  control. 
  The 
  remedy 
  consists 
  in 
  spraying 
  Ulac 
  

   bushes, 
  which 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  nearly 
  every 
  garden 
  and 
  which 
  blossom 
  

   at 
  a 
  later 
  date 
  than 
  fruit 
  trees. 
  The 
  insects, 
  after 
  the 
  blossoming 
  of 
  

   the 
  apple 
  trees 
  is 
  over, 
  pass 
  on 
  to 
  the 
  lilac, 
  on 
  which 
  they 
  feed 
  very 
  

   freely, 
  and 
  by 
  spraying 
  these 
  bushes 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  their 
  blossoming 
  

  

  