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  283 
  

  

  MoRSTATT 
  (H.). 
  Arbeiten 
  tiber 
  Schacllinge 
  der 
  Kulturpflanzen. 
  [Studies 
  

   of 
  pests 
  of 
  cultivated 
  plants.] 
  — 
  Der 
  Pflanzer, 
  Dar-es-Sahmm, 
  x, 
  

   no. 
  1, 
  Jan. 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  36-39. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  chapter 
  of 
  Dr. 
  Morstatt's 
  Zoological 
  Report 
  embodied 
  in 
  

   the 
  Annual 
  Report 
  of 
  the 
  Biologisch-Landwirtschaftliches 
  Institut 
  at 
  

   Amani, 
  1 
  912-1913. 
  No 
  extensive 
  outbreaks 
  occurred 
  in 
  the 
  twelve 
  

   months 
  under 
  review. 
  Some 
  damage 
  was 
  done 
  by 
  Pseudococcus 
  citri 
  to 
  

   mango 
  and 
  other 
  trees, 
  chiefly 
  on 
  the 
  coast, 
  and 
  by 
  a 
  weevil, 
  Apion 
  

   xandio-styhim, 
  to 
  cotton 
  in 
  Morogoro 
  ; 
  a 
  disease 
  of 
  cotton 
  was 
  caused 
  by 
  

   Aphids 
  in 
  Mwanza, 
  and 
  a 
  great 
  increase 
  of 
  Coccus 
  viridis 
  on 
  coffee 
  

   was 
  observed 
  in 
  Meru. 
  With 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  that 
  of 
  Apion, 
  all 
  these 
  

   epidemics 
  were 
  probably 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  dry 
  w^eather. 
  

  

  Cotton 
  pests. 
  The 
  weevil 
  already 
  mentioned 
  requires 
  serious 
  

   attention 
  as 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  shown 
  that 
  its 
  larvae 
  also 
  develop 
  under 
  the 
  

   bark 
  of 
  the 
  woody 
  portions 
  and 
  this 
  often 
  seriously 
  checks 
  growth. 
  

   The 
  Mafuta 
  disease 
  due 
  to 
  Aphids 
  is 
  not 
  important. 
  Reported 
  from 
  

   Amani 
  last 
  year, 
  the 
  boll- 
  worm 
  Pyroderces 
  simplex 
  (gossypiella), 
  

   Wlsm., 
  has 
  now 
  appeared 
  in 
  Mombo. 
  It 
  is 
  of 
  no 
  importance 
  compared 
  

   with 
  the 
  pink 
  boll-worm. 
  Another 
  species 
  of 
  stainer, 
  Dysderciis 
  

   f 
  estiv 
  us, 
  Gerst., 
  now 
  brings 
  the 
  number 
  known 
  up 
  to 
  five. 
  In 
  general 
  

   it 
  does 
  little 
  damage. 
  

  

  Cojfee 
  pests. 
  The 
  white 
  coffee 
  borer 
  Anthores 
  leuconotus 
  was 
  

   reported 
  from 
  plantations 
  hitherto 
  immune 
  in 
  Usambara, 
  Kilimandjaro 
  

   and 
  Meru. 
  A 
  regular 
  control 
  is 
  necessary, 
  as 
  this 
  pest 
  constitutes 
  

   a 
  constant 
  danger 
  to 
  the 
  plantations, 
  although 
  with 
  careful 
  planting 
  

   supervision 
  serious 
  damage 
  need 
  not 
  be 
  feared. 
  The 
  effect 
  of 
  weather 
  

   conditions 
  combined 
  with 
  thorough 
  preventive 
  measures 
  have 
  brought 
  

   the 
  green 
  scale 
  under 
  control. 
  

  

  Pests 
  of 
  Vegetables. 
  A 
  sawfly, 
  Athalia 
  sp.,has 
  much 
  increased 
  and 
  

   its 
  larvae 
  did 
  great 
  damage 
  to 
  mustard 
  and 
  other 
  cruciferous 
  plants. 
  

   The 
  diamond 
  backed 
  moth, 
  Plutella 
  maculipennis. 
  Curt., 
  was 
  as 
  

   numerous 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  previous 
  year. 
  

  

  Cacao 
  pests. 
  Ceratitis 
  anonae, 
  Graham, 
  attacked 
  cacao, 
  but 
  so 
  far 
  

   the 
  ripening 
  of 
  the 
  pods 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  affected. 
  A 
  leaf-eating 
  weevil, 
  

   Pohjrhahdotus 
  transversalis, 
  Est., 
  also 
  occurred 
  on 
  cacao. 
  

  

  Rubber 
  pests. 
  A 
  termite 
  near 
  Termes 
  natahnsis, 
  Hav.,and 
  new 
  to 
  

   East 
  Africa, 
  is 
  an 
  important 
  new 
  pest. 
  It 
  destroyed 
  numerous 
  

   Manihot 
  glaziovii 
  trees 
  in 
  various 
  plantations. 
  It 
  either 
  gnaws 
  the 
  

   wood 
  under 
  the 
  tapped 
  bark, 
  or 
  destroys 
  the 
  roots. 
  A 
  detailed 
  report 
  

   will 
  follow. 
  

  

  Bean 
  pests. 
  The 
  Wonder 
  beans 
  (Kundebohne) 
  planted 
  at 
  Amani 
  

   were 
  badly 
  attacked 
  during 
  the 
  year. 
  The 
  small 
  weevil, 
  Apion 
  

   varium 
  var. 
  vicinum, 
  Wagn., 
  was 
  the 
  pest 
  most 
  frequently 
  met 
  with. 
  

   In 
  beans 
  planted 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  breeding 
  the 
  pests, 
  the 
  beetle 
  

   Bruckus 
  chinensis, 
  L., 
  developed 
  in 
  large 
  numbers. 
  Other 
  beetles 
  

   found 
  there 
  were 
  the 
  Anthribid, 
  Araeocerus 
  fasciculatus, 
  de 
  G., 
  and 
  a 
  

   very 
  small 
  Scolytid. 
  Three 
  moths 
  also 
  occurred, 
  Sitotroga 
  cereatella, 
  

   01., 
  being 
  the 
  commonest. 
  

  

  Coconut 
  pests. 
  The 
  palm 
  beetle, 
  Rhynchophorus 
  phoenicis, 
  occurs 
  

   in 
  the 
  Dar-Es-Salaam 
  district, 
  but 
  is 
  not 
  an 
  important 
  pest 
  as 
  yet. 
  

  

  