﻿¥ 
  

  

  i 
  

  

  285 
  

  

  adult 
  appears 
  in 
  autumn, 
  and 
  the 
  female 
  deposits 
  about 
  50 
  eggs 
  od 
  

   the 
  stems 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  lower 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  petioles 
  of 
  the 
  leaves. 
  The 
  

   larvae 
  emerge 
  about 
  ten 
  days 
  later, 
  and 
  feed 
  on 
  the 
  delicate 
  young 
  

   leaves. 
  After 
  about 
  four 
  weeks 
  they 
  pupate 
  in 
  the 
  plant, 
  or 
  more 
  

   often 
  in 
  the 
  soil, 
  and 
  15 
  or 
  20 
  days 
  later, 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  temperature, 
  

   the 
  adults 
  of 
  a 
  new 
  generation 
  appear. 
  Usually 
  there 
  are 
  three 
  genera- 
  

   tions 
  a 
  year, 
  the 
  adults 
  appearing 
  in 
  October, 
  January 
  and 
  March. 
  

   Metamorphosis 
  is 
  slightly 
  retarded 
  in 
  winter, 
  but 
  is 
  completely 
  sus- 
  

   pended 
  in 
  summer. 
  Three 
  or 
  four 
  larvae 
  are 
  sufficient 
  to 
  stop 
  the 
  

   development 
  of 
  a 
  young 
  cabbage 
  ; 
  the 
  older 
  plants 
  are 
  more 
  resistant. 
  

   This 
  insect 
  may 
  be 
  controlled 
  to 
  some 
  extent 
  by 
  insecticides 
  ; 
  e.g., 
  a 
  

   mixture 
  of 
  60 
  parts 
  of 
  Ume 
  and 
  30 
  parts 
  of 
  fresh 
  pyrethrum 
  powder, 
  

   or 
  a 
  12 
  per 
  cent, 
  emulsion 
  of 
  petroleum 
  and 
  water. 
  These 
  insecticides 
  

   will 
  not 
  destroy 
  the 
  eggs 
  nor 
  the 
  larvae, 
  serving 
  only 
  to 
  keep 
  away 
  

   the 
  adults 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  oviposition. 
  The 
  petroleum 
  may 
  be 
  used 
  

   on 
  young 
  plants 
  which 
  are 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  offered 
  for 
  sale 
  for 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  

   months. 
  In 
  infested 
  fields, 
  plants 
  containing 
  larvae 
  should 
  be 
  pulled 
  

   up 
  and 
  burned. 
  

  

  Surface 
  (H. 
  A.). 
  Angoumois 
  Moth. 
  — 
  Wkly. 
  Zool. 
  Press., 
  Bull. 
  DepL 
  

   Agric, 
  Harrisburg, 
  Pa., 
  no. 
  257. 
  30th 
  March 
  1914. 
  

  

  The 
  Angoumois 
  grain 
  moth 
  {Sitotroga 
  cerealella, 
  01.) 
  occurs 
  abun- 
  

   dantly 
  in 
  Berks 
  county, 
  Pa. 
  It 
  lays 
  its 
  eggs 
  on 
  the 
  wheat 
  while 
  in 
  

   the 
  straw 
  and 
  if 
  wheat 
  is 
  permitted 
  to 
  remain 
  unthreshed 
  in 
  the 
  barn 
  

   the 
  moths 
  infest 
  it. 
  Wheat 
  threshed 
  early 
  is 
  safe 
  from 
  attack. 
  If 
  

   at 
  once 
  placed 
  in 
  bins 
  it 
  can 
  then 
  be 
  kept 
  without 
  serious 
  damage 
  

   except 
  to 
  the 
  top 
  layer, 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  pest 
  can 
  be 
  killed 
  by 
  sprinkling 
  

   carbon 
  bisulphide 
  over 
  the 
  wheat 
  and 
  covering 
  with 
  wet 
  blankets. 
  

  

  VuiLLET 
  (A.). 
  Un 
  ennemi 
  du 
  fraisier. 
  [An 
  enemy 
  of 
  the 
  strawberry 
  

   plant.] 
  — 
  Rev. 
  Phytopath. 
  App., 
  Paris, 
  i. 
  nos. 
  6 
  & 
  7, 
  20th 
  Aug. 
  and 
  

   5th 
  Sept. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  97-98. 
  

  

  In 
  June 
  1913, 
  the 
  Entomological 
  Station 
  in 
  Paris 
  received 
  two 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  of 
  a 
  Tenthredinid 
  larva 
  injuring 
  strawberry 
  plants. 
  From 
  these 
  

   Cladius 
  (Piophorus) 
  padi, 
  L., 
  were 
  bred. 
  Though 
  not 
  previously 
  

   recorded, 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  this 
  insect 
  on 
  the 
  strawberry 
  is 
  not 
  surprising 
  

   as 
  it 
  feeds 
  on 
  many 
  plants. 
  Cameron 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  laid 
  on 
  

   the 
  under 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  early 
  in 
  May. 
  The 
  very 
  young 
  larvae 
  

   only 
  attack 
  the 
  epidermis, 
  but 
  later 
  on 
  they 
  make 
  large 
  holes 
  in 
  the 
  

   stem 
  and 
  if 
  present 
  in 
  numbers, 
  considerable 
  damage 
  may 
  be 
  done. 
  

   There 
  are 
  several 
  (2-4 
  ?) 
  generations 
  in 
  a 
  year, 
  the 
  number 
  probably 
  

   varying 
  with 
  the 
  locality. 
  The 
  nymphal 
  stage, 
  of 
  the 
  summer 
  

   generation 
  at 
  least, 
  is 
  passed 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  in 
  a 
  white 
  cocoon 
  spun 
  

   among 
  the 
  dried 
  leaves. 
  The 
  larva 
  of 
  Cladius 
  padi 
  is 
  parasitised 
  by 
  

   Tryphon 
  lucidulus. 
  Hart., 
  and 
  Ichneutes 
  reunitor, 
  Nees. 
  Spraying 
  the 
  

   under 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  with 
  nicotin 
  or 
  arsenic 
  might 
  be 
  practised 
  

   before 
  flowering 
  takes 
  place 
  and 
  also 
  after 
  the 
  crop 
  has 
  been 
  picked. 
  

  

  