﻿287 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  Philippines 
  red 
  scale 
  infested 
  with 
  a 
  small 
  internal 
  parasite 
  

   was 
  received, 
  and 
  also 
  two 
  consignments 
  of 
  black 
  scales 
  from 
  which 
  a 
  

   Pteromahd 
  egg 
  parasite 
  was 
  obtained. 
  Mr. 
  C. 
  H. 
  T. 
  Townsend 
  sent 
  

   parasitised 
  black 
  scales 
  from 
  Peru, 
  from 
  which 
  several 
  specimens 
  of 
  a 
  

   large 
  Encyrtid, 
  which 
  attacks 
  old 
  scales, 
  were 
  obtained. 
  

  

  VoLSER 
  (E. 
  J.). 
  Calendar 
  of 
  insect 
  pests 
  and 
  plant 
  diseases. 
  — 
  Mthhf. 
  

   Bull. 
  State 
  Comni. 
  Hortic, 
  Sacramento, 
  Cal, 
  ii, 
  no. 
  12, 
  Dec. 
  1913, 
  

   pp. 
  772-775. 
  [Received 
  22nd 
  April 
  1914]. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  mentions 
  the 
  red-humped 
  caterpillar, 
  Schizura 
  concinna 
  

   S. 
  & 
  A. 
  as 
  requiring 
  checking 
  in 
  December 
  and 
  January 
  by 
  hoeing 
  and 
  

   cultivating 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  fruit 
  trees. 
  The 
  California 
  tussock 
  moth 
  

   (Heinerocampa 
  vetusta, 
  Boisd.) 
  is 
  distributed 
  throughout 
  the 
  central 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  State, 
  and 
  is 
  especially 
  abundant 
  along 
  the 
  coast. 
  It 
  

   feeds 
  on 
  the 
  leaves 
  and 
  young 
  fruit 
  of 
  the 
  apple, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  upon 
  live 
  oak, 
  

   lupin, 
  cherry 
  and 
  walnut, 
  though 
  the 
  apple 
  is 
  the 
  favourite. 
  When 
  

   caterpillars 
  have 
  been 
  abundant 
  during 
  the 
  previous 
  season, 
  the 
  author 
  

   advises 
  handpicking 
  the 
  egg-masses 
  from 
  the 
  limbs 
  and 
  trunks 
  of 
  trees 
  

   in 
  the 
  late 
  autumn. 
  They 
  should 
  be 
  destroyed 
  by 
  burning 
  or 
  immer- 
  

   sion 
  in 
  oil. 
  

  

  Stabler 
  (H. 
  P.). 
  Red 
  spider 
  spread 
  by 
  winds. 
  — 
  Mthly. 
  Bull. 
  State 
  

   Comm. 
  Hortic, 
  Sacra?nento, 
  Cal., 
  u, 
  no. 
  12. 
  Dec. 
  1913, 
  pp. 
  777-780, 
  

   2 
  figs. 
  [Received 
  22nd 
  April 
  1914.] 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  says 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1912, 
  a 
  fruit-grower 
  and 
  

   nurseryman 
  of 
  Sutter 
  County, 
  became 
  convinced 
  from 
  his 
  own 
  

   observations, 
  that 
  red 
  spiders 
  are 
  carried 
  by 
  wind 
  to 
  a 
  greater 
  distance 
  

   than 
  is 
  generally 
  supposed. 
  It 
  has 
  long 
  been 
  known 
  that 
  red 
  spiders 
  

   may 
  be 
  blown 
  from 
  one 
  tree 
  to 
  another, 
  or 
  blown 
  through 
  several 
  rows 
  

   of 
  trees, 
  but 
  it 
  was 
  generally 
  supposed 
  that 
  a 
  main 
  road, 
  a 
  piece 
  of 
  open 
  

   ground 
  or 
  similar 
  barrier, 
  was 
  sufficient 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  spread 
  of 
  the 
  

   pest 
  by 
  these 
  means. 
  The 
  matter 
  has 
  been 
  investigated 
  by 
  Mr. 
  E. 
  E. 
  

   Hunger 
  of 
  Yuba 
  City, 
  by 
  placing 
  a 
  sheet 
  of 
  sticky 
  paper 
  on 
  a 
  board 
  

   fastened 
  to 
  a 
  fence 
  twenty 
  feet 
  away 
  from 
  an 
  infested 
  tree. 
  Twenty- 
  

   four 
  hours 
  afterwards 
  a 
  great 
  many 
  spiders 
  were 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  paper. 
  

   On 
  the 
  5th 
  August 
  a 
  similar 
  experiment 
  was 
  made 
  and 
  the 
  paper 
  was 
  

   attached 
  to 
  a 
  telephone 
  pole 
  twelve 
  feet 
  above 
  ground, 
  and 
  one 
  hundred 
  

   feet 
  to 
  the 
  north 
  of 
  a 
  badly 
  infested 
  ten-acre 
  almond 
  orchard 
  of 
  very 
  

   large 
  trees. 
  Numerous 
  spiders 
  w^ere 
  found 
  next 
  day. 
  On 
  the 
  10th 
  

   August, 
  a 
  paper 
  was 
  placed 
  250 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  orchard 
  and 
  30 
  feet 
  from 
  

   the 
  ground 
  and 
  many 
  spiders 
  were 
  found 
  the 
  next 
  day. 
  It 
  was 
  then 
  

   removed 
  to 
  650 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  orchard 
  to 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  a 
  school 
  house, 
  

   with 
  the 
  same 
  results. 
  

  

  Experiments 
  were 
  repeated 
  with 
  precautions 
  to 
  preclude 
  all 
  

   possibihty 
  of 
  the 
  red 
  spiders 
  having 
  reached 
  the 
  paper 
  in 
  any 
  other 
  

   way 
  than 
  by 
  wind 
  carriage. 
  The 
  results 
  w^ere 
  again 
  the 
  same, 
  and 
  it 
  

   is 
  regarded 
  as 
  established 
  that 
  red 
  spiders 
  are 
  blown 
  sufficiently 
  far 
  to 
  

   make 
  infested 
  orchards 
  a 
  menace 
  to 
  other 
  orchards 
  within 
  reasonable 
  

   distances. 
  

  

  