﻿294 
  

  

  CooLEY 
  (R. 
  A.). 
  The 
  Alfalfa 
  Weevil. 
  — 
  Montana 
  Agric. 
  Expt. 
  Sta., 
  

   Bozeman, 
  Circ. 
  35, 
  Jan. 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  191-206. 
  7 
  figs, 
  2 
  pis. 
  

  

  The 
  alfalfa 
  weevil 
  occurs 
  in 
  Europe, 
  Western 
  Asia 
  and 
  Northern 
  

   Africa. 
  The 
  attention 
  of 
  the 
  Utah 
  Experiment 
  Station 
  was 
  not 
  called 
  

   to 
  it 
  until 
  1907, 
  but 
  it 
  has 
  now 
  spread 
  over 
  many 
  counties 
  in 
  that 
  

   State 
  and 
  the 
  damage 
  it 
  causes 
  may 
  range 
  from 
  a 
  loss 
  of 
  25 
  per 
  cent, 
  

   to 
  complete 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  crop. 
  Early 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  the 
  hibernat- 
  

   ing 
  adults 
  emerge 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  days 
  lay 
  eggs 
  in 
  holes, 
  which 
  they 
  make 
  

   in 
  the 
  stems 
  of 
  the 
  alfalfa. 
  While 
  the 
  stems 
  are 
  young 
  the 
  beetles 
  feed 
  

   on 
  them, 
  but 
  when 
  they 
  are 
  older 
  and 
  harder, 
  the 
  weevils 
  feed 
  on 
  the 
  

   softer 
  epidermis 
  of 
  the 
  stalks 
  and 
  leaves, 
  and 
  may 
  completely 
  defoliate 
  

   the 
  plants. 
  The 
  eggs 
  hatch 
  in 
  from 
  seven 
  to 
  sixteen 
  days, 
  and 
  after 
  

   about 
  a 
  month, 
  pupation 
  takes 
  place 
  ; 
  about 
  two 
  weeks 
  later 
  the 
  

   perfect 
  beetle 
  appears. 
  By 
  about 
  1st 
  August, 
  the 
  beetles 
  have 
  com- 
  

   pleted 
  their 
  feeding 
  and 
  have 
  crawled 
  or 
  flown 
  away, 
  and 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  

   part, 
  they 
  pass 
  the 
  winter 
  near 
  the 
  ground 
  hidden 
  in 
  waste 
  material, 
  or 
  

   buried 
  in 
  the 
  ground. 
  The 
  so-called 
  " 
  spring 
  flight 
  " 
  begins 
  in 
  April 
  ; 
  

   about 
  the 
  1st 
  July 
  is 
  another 
  period 
  of 
  great 
  activity 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  

   " 
  summer 
  flight." 
  It 
  is 
  advisable 
  to 
  stimulate 
  the 
  first 
  crop 
  to 
  rapid 
  

   growth 
  by 
  cultivation, 
  so 
  that 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  harvested 
  just 
  before 
  the 
  

   larvae 
  would 
  do 
  their 
  maximum 
  damage. 
  The 
  removal 
  of 
  this 
  first 
  

   crop 
  leaves 
  a 
  nearly 
  bare 
  field. 
  Irrigation 
  should 
  be 
  delayed 
  and 
  the 
  

   field 
  should 
  be 
  cultivated 
  and 
  brush-dragged. 
  

  

  In 
  shipments 
  examined 
  before 
  quarantine 
  came 
  into 
  operation, 
  

   weevils 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  three 
  loads 
  of 
  potatoes, 
  which 
  contained 
  8, 
  10 
  

   and 
  12 
  living 
  weevils 
  respectively. 
  There 
  is 
  now 
  an 
  Act 
  to 
  provide 
  for 
  

   the 
  prevention 
  of 
  the 
  introduction 
  and 
  spread 
  of 
  insect 
  pests 
  and 
  

   diseases 
  of 
  horticultural 
  and 
  agricultural 
  plants. 
  Under 
  this 
  Act, 
  

   on 
  12th 
  September, 
  1913, 
  the 
  importation 
  into 
  Montana 
  was 
  prohibited 
  

   of 
  alfalfa 
  hay, 
  forage 
  crops 
  of 
  all 
  kinds, 
  whether 
  loose 
  or 
  baled, 
  alfalfa 
  

   seed 
  and 
  all 
  nursery 
  stock 
  (unless 
  accompanied 
  by 
  a 
  certificate 
  of 
  

   fumigation), 
  and 
  fresh 
  fruit 
  and 
  vegetables 
  of 
  all 
  kinds, 
  during 
  the 
  

   months 
  from 
  April 
  to 
  October, 
  inclusive, 
  from 
  the 
  State 
  of 
  Utah 
  ; 
  

   except 
  that 
  fruits 
  and 
  vegetables 
  may 
  be 
  moved 
  into 
  Montana 
  from 
  

   Utah 
  on 
  and 
  after 
  1st 
  August 
  of 
  each 
  year 
  under 
  special 
  conditions 
  

   regarding 
  packing. 
  The 
  quarantine 
  is 
  in 
  force 
  only 
  during 
  the 
  season 
  

   of 
  the 
  year 
  when 
  the 
  adult 
  weevils 
  are 
  active, 
  and 
  by 
  this 
  means 
  it 
  is 
  

   believed 
  that 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  danger 
  of 
  introducing 
  this 
  pest 
  is 
  

   removed. 
  

  

  Burgess 
  (A. 
  F.). 
  The 
  Gipsy 
  Moth 
  and 
  the 
  Brown-Tail 
  Moth, 
  with 
  

   Suggestions 
  for 
  their 
  Control. 
  — 
  Farmer's 
  Bull. 
  U.S. 
  Dejpt. 
  Agric, 
  

   Washington, 
  D.C., 
  no. 
  564, 
  29th 
  Jan. 
  1914, 
  24 
  pp., 
  10 
  figs. 
  

   [Reed. 
  14th 
  April 
  1914.] 
  

  

  The 
  gipsy 
  moth 
  feeds 
  on 
  apple, 
  oak, 
  grey 
  birch, 
  alder, 
  willow, 
  beech, 
  

   poplar, 
  pines 
  and 
  other 
  conifers, 
  apple 
  and 
  oak 
  having 
  suffered 
  most 
  

   severely. 
  These 
  trees 
  may 
  be 
  defoliated 
  to 
  such 
  an 
  extent 
  as 
  to 
  cause 
  

   their 
  death. 
  The 
  brown- 
  tail 
  moth 
  commonly 
  feeds 
  on 
  apple, 
  pear, 
  

   plum, 
  oak 
  and 
  willow, 
  and 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  on 
  elm, 
  maple 
  and 
  rose 
  ; 
  it 
  

   never 
  attacks 
  conifers 
  and 
  is 
  seldom 
  found 
  on 
  ash, 
  hickory, 
  chestnut 
  

   or 
  birch. 
  Natural 
  enemies 
  are 
  proving 
  very 
  valuable 
  in 
  checking 
  these 
  

  

  