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  twigs. 
  They 
  not 
  only 
  eat 
  the 
  buds, 
  but 
  penetrate 
  into 
  the 
  pith 
  of 
  the 
  

   small 
  twigs, 
  causing 
  the 
  leaves 
  to 
  wilt 
  and 
  droop. 
  One 
  larva 
  injures 
  

   several 
  twigs, 
  and 
  if 
  infestation 
  be 
  severe, 
  the 
  tree 
  may 
  be 
  killed. 
  The 
  

   second 
  and 
  third 
  broods 
  of 
  larvae 
  attack 
  the 
  fruit 
  ; 
  they 
  sometimes 
  

   feed 
  entirely 
  in 
  the 
  flesh 
  of 
  the 
  fruit, 
  but 
  often 
  enter 
  the 
  stone. 
  The 
  

   pupal 
  stage 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  brood 
  is 
  passed 
  in 
  crevices 
  of 
  the 
  bark 
  on 
  the 
  

   trunk 
  of 
  the 
  trees, 
  or 
  under 
  rubbish 
  on 
  the 
  ground, 
  etc. 
  The 
  adult 
  is 
  

   a 
  tiny 
  grey 
  moth. 
  The 
  second 
  and 
  third 
  broods 
  of 
  larvae 
  pupate 
  

   mostly 
  in 
  the 
  creases 
  at 
  the 
  stem 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  fruit. 
  The 
  eggs 
  of 
  the 
  

   first 
  brood 
  are 
  laid 
  on 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  petioles 
  or 
  stems 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  

   those 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  on 
  the 
  fruit, 
  while 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  are 
  laid 
  in 
  the 
  

   crevices 
  of 
  the 
  bark 
  in 
  the 
  forks 
  of 
  new 
  and 
  old 
  growth. 
  

  

  This 
  pest 
  is 
  subject 
  to 
  control 
  at 
  least 
  twice 
  in 
  its 
  seasonal 
  hfe. 
  It 
  

   can 
  be 
  reached 
  by 
  a 
  contact 
  spray 
  while 
  in 
  its 
  cell 
  beneath 
  the 
  bark, 
  

   and 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  killed 
  by 
  a 
  stomach 
  poison 
  when 
  it 
  begins 
  feeding 
  upon 
  

   the 
  leaf 
  bud 
  in 
  the 
  spring. 
  The 
  contact 
  poison 
  should 
  be 
  apphed 
  just 
  

   before 
  the 
  buds 
  swell 
  in 
  the 
  spring. 
  The 
  later 
  the 
  appHcation 
  is 
  made 
  

   before 
  the 
  buds 
  open 
  the 
  better. 
  Spraying 
  for 
  the 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  will 
  

   also 
  control 
  the 
  twig-borer, 
  if 
  started 
  as 
  late 
  as 
  possible 
  when 
  the 
  buds 
  

   begin 
  to 
  swell. 
  Thoroughly 
  applied 
  Ume-sulphur 
  solution 
  is 
  considered 
  

   to 
  be 
  the 
  best 
  treatment 
  for 
  the 
  twig-borer. 
  Crude 
  oil 
  emulsion 
  has 
  

   not 
  been 
  tested 
  thoroughly 
  against 
  it, 
  but 
  in 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  perfect 
  results 
  

   obtained 
  with 
  this 
  preparation 
  against 
  the 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale, 
  it 
  appears 
  

   to 
  be 
  a 
  very 
  promising 
  remedy 
  for 
  the 
  borer. 
  Kerosene 
  emulsion 
  has 
  

   been 
  supplanted 
  by 
  lime-sulphur. 
  Lead 
  arsenate 
  (1 
  lb. 
  in 
  50 
  gals, 
  

   water) 
  is 
  effective 
  when 
  the 
  over-wintering 
  larvae 
  begin 
  feeding 
  on 
  the 
  

   young 
  buds 
  in 
  spring, 
  but 
  as 
  the 
  buds 
  grow 
  quickly, 
  the 
  poison 
  is 
  

   effective 
  for 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  days, 
  after 
  which 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  renewed. 
  Many 
  

   of 
  the 
  larvae 
  and 
  pupae 
  can 
  be 
  caught 
  by 
  banding 
  the 
  trunks 
  as 
  for 
  

   the 
  codhng 
  moth, 
  and 
  the 
  bands 
  should 
  be 
  examined 
  weekly 
  during 
  the 
  

   season. 
  In 
  the 
  author's 
  opinion, 
  where 
  regular 
  spraying 
  for 
  the 
  San 
  

   Jose 
  scale 
  (either 
  with 
  Hme-sulphur 
  or 
  crude 
  oil 
  emulsion) 
  is 
  practised 
  

   each 
  year 
  as 
  stated 
  above, 
  the 
  injury 
  of 
  the 
  peach 
  twig-borer 
  will 
  be 
  

   reduced 
  to 
  a 
  minimum 
  and 
  further 
  treatment 
  usually 
  unnecessary. 
  

  

  Maisonneuve 
  (P.). 
  Le 
  Froid 
  et 
  les 
  Insectes 
  Parasites 
  de 
  la 
  Vigne^ 
  

  

  [Cold 
  and 
  Insect 
  Pests 
  of 
  the 
  Vine.] 
  — 
  Rev. 
  Viiic, 
  Paris, 
  x\i, 
  

   12th 
  Feb. 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  179-182. 
  

  

  Numerous 
  observations 
  have 
  proved 
  that 
  many 
  insects 
  can 
  resist 
  

   intense 
  cold, 
  and 
  Clysia 
  ambiguella 
  and 
  Polychrosis 
  botrana 
  are 
  capable 
  

   of 
  resisting 
  very 
  low 
  temperatures. 
  It 
  seems 
  as 
  if 
  warm 
  wet 
  winters 
  

   are 
  more 
  detrimental 
  to 
  these 
  insects, 
  for 
  under 
  these 
  conditions, 
  fungi 
  

   develop 
  and 
  attack 
  the 
  pupae. 
  Decortication 
  is 
  carried 
  out 
  in 
  some 
  

   vineyards 
  and 
  by 
  this 
  means 
  many 
  pupae 
  are 
  destroyed, 
  but 
  owing 
  to 
  

   the 
  unprotected 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  vines 
  during 
  winter, 
  a 
  great 
  loss 
  often 
  

   results 
  from 
  this 
  measure. 
  

  

  Morris 
  (0. 
  M.), 
  Hall 
  (J. 
  G.), 
  & 
  Yothers 
  (M. 
  A.). 
  Potato-growing 
  

   in 
  Washington. 
  — 
  Washington 
  State 
  Agric. 
  Expt. 
  Sta., 
  Pullman, 
  

   Popular 
  Bull, 
  no. 
  62, 
  15th 
  Feb. 
  1914, 
  39 
  pp., 
  18 
  figs. 
  

  

  Of 
  the 
  insects 
  affecting 
  potatoes 
  in 
  Washington, 
  the 
  potato 
  flea- 
  

  

  