﻿304 
  

  

  satisfactory 
  — 
  the 
  wireworms 
  showing 
  Httle 
  ill 
  effect 
  from 
  eating 
  the 
  

   bait. 
  The 
  poisons 
  used 
  were 
  lead 
  chromate, 
  potassium 
  cyanide, 
  

   strychnine, 
  Paris 
  green, 
  lead 
  arsenate 
  and 
  zinc 
  arsenite 
  A 
  fairly 
  

   exhaustive 
  series 
  of 
  experiments 
  was 
  carried 
  on, 
  using 
  19 
  repellent 
  

   substances 
  against 
  the 
  larvae. 
  None 
  however 
  gave 
  results 
  which 
  

   would 
  justify 
  recommending 
  them 
  as 
  a 
  deterrent. 
  In 
  one 
  case 
  the 
  

   land 
  was 
  dressed 
  with 
  a 
  solution 
  of 
  potassium 
  cyanide. 
  By 
  this 
  

   method 
  the 
  cyanide 
  is 
  used 
  sparingly 
  and 
  its 
  killing 
  power 
  was 
  very 
  

   good, 
  but 
  it 
  remains 
  to 
  be 
  seen 
  whether 
  a 
  suitable 
  strength 
  of 
  cyanide 
  

   can 
  be 
  found 
  which 
  will 
  kill 
  the 
  wireworms, 
  without 
  harming 
  the 
  beets. 
  

   The 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  pupae 
  by 
  cultivation 
  has 
  been 
  recommended, 
  

   but 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  be 
  effective, 
  the 
  autumn 
  ploughing 
  would 
  have 
  to 
  be 
  

   quite 
  deep 
  (9 
  to 
  10 
  inches). 
  Experiments 
  with 
  guano 
  fertilizer 
  show 
  

   that 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  impracticable 
  for 
  ordinary 
  use. 
  No 
  doubt 
  much 
  of 
  

   the 
  injury 
  to 
  the 
  beets 
  may 
  be 
  avoided 
  by 
  early 
  planting, 
  as 
  this 
  gives 
  

   the 
  roots 
  a 
  good 
  start 
  before 
  the 
  wireworms 
  are 
  doing 
  their 
  most 
  

   extensive 
  feeding. 
  Clean 
  culture 
  against 
  the 
  adults, 
  by 
  compelling 
  

   them 
  to 
  seek 
  shelter 
  elsewhere 
  and 
  exposing 
  them 
  to 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  

   their 
  bird 
  enemies, 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  most 
  practical 
  remedy 
  found 
  thus 
  

   far 
  for 
  this 
  insect. 
  Old 
  beet 
  tops 
  are 
  left 
  to 
  act 
  as 
  a 
  fertiHzer 
  and 
  are 
  

   supposed 
  to 
  be 
  ploughed 
  under, 
  but 
  by 
  the 
  time 
  the 
  land 
  has 
  been 
  

   harrowed 
  several 
  times 
  many 
  appear 
  on 
  the 
  surface 
  again. 
  All 
  old 
  

   tops 
  should 
  be 
  cleared 
  away, 
  and 
  the 
  efficiency 
  of 
  this 
  remedy 
  would 
  be 
  

   increased 
  if 
  autumn 
  ploughing 
  and 
  early 
  planting 
  were 
  combined 
  with 
  

   it. 
  

  

  BaGRINOVSEY 
  (— 
  ). 
  6opb6t 
  Cb 
  BpeAHblMM 
  WactKOMblMM 
  Bli 
  Ky/IMKOB- 
  

  

  CKOMi) 
  ntcHMHecTBt 
  TaM6oBCKOM 
  ry6epHiM 
  3a 
  1913 
  roAi>. 
  [The 
  

   fight 
  against 
  injurious 
  insects 
  in 
  the 
  KuUkov 
  Forest 
  of 
  the 
  

   Government 
  of 
  Tambov 
  in 
  1913.] 
  — 
  «J1tCHafl 
  HdlSHb 
  M 
  

   X03flMGTB0.» 
  [Forestry 
  life 
  and 
  Economy], 
  Tambov, 
  no. 
  6, 
  March 
  

   1914, 
  pp. 
  6-10. 
  

  

  Melolontha 
  adults 
  were 
  not 
  abundant 
  in 
  1913, 
  and 
  owing 
  to 
  spring 
  

   frosts, 
  very 
  few 
  emerged 
  until 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  May. 
  The 
  collection 
  of 
  

   beetles 
  organised 
  in 
  the 
  Forests 
  which 
  lasted 
  till 
  the 
  20th 
  May, 
  produced 
  

   over 
  half 
  a 
  ton 
  of 
  beetles, 
  which, 
  it 
  is 
  calculated, 
  contained 
  335,296 
  

   females. 
  A 
  table 
  showing 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  beetles 
  collected 
  daily 
  is 
  

   given. 
  The 
  premium 
  paid 
  for 
  the 
  collections 
  was 
  at 
  first 
  about 
  \\d. 
  

   per 
  lb., 
  but 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  small 
  number 
  of 
  beetles, 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  neces- 
  

   sary 
  to 
  increase 
  this 
  figure 
  to 
  about 
  Ifdf. 
  The 
  total 
  cost 
  of 
  collection, 
  

   in 
  which 
  some 
  130 
  people, 
  mostly 
  women, 
  were 
  employed, 
  was 
  £8 
  165. 
  

   The 
  work 
  was 
  done 
  principally 
  between 
  10-11 
  a.m. 
  although 
  some 
  

   women 
  collected 
  the 
  whole 
  day 
  ; 
  the 
  area 
  over 
  which 
  the 
  collections 
  

   were 
  conducted 
  was 
  not 
  more 
  than 
  6,750-8,100 
  acres. 
  Other 
  purposes 
  

   necessitated 
  an 
  expense 
  of 
  £3 
  125., 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  total 
  cost 
  of 
  the 
  cam- 
  

   paign 
  was 
  £12 
  85. 
  Judging 
  by 
  digging 
  operations, 
  undertaken 
  to 
  

   ascertain 
  the 
  prospects 
  of 
  the 
  numbers 
  of 
  adults 
  in 
  1914,even 
  less 
  than 
  

   in 
  1913 
  may 
  be 
  expected, 
  as 
  nearly 
  all 
  the 
  larvae 
  found 
  were 
  of 
  the 
  

   first 
  and 
  second 
  year, 
  only 
  occasional 
  specimens 
  of 
  three-year 
  old 
  

   larvae 
  being 
  observed. 
  

  

  