﻿timber 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  park 
  is 
  the 
  mountain 
  pine 
  beetle 
  

   {Dendroctonus 
  tnonticolae). 
  It 
  attacks 
  healthy 
  trees 
  and 
  kills 
  them 
  

   by 
  mining 
  between 
  the 
  bark 
  and 
  wood 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  stop 
  the 
  movement 
  of 
  

   sap, 
  which 
  results 
  in 
  the 
  death 
  of 
  the 
  tree 
  within 
  10-12 
  months 
  after 
  it 
  

   is 
  attacked. 
  

  

  Jablonowsky 
  (J.). 
  Recent 
  Work 
  of 
  the 
  Royal 
  Entomological 
  Station 
  

   of 
  Hungary. 
  — 
  Mthly. 
  Bull. 
  Agric. 
  Intell. 
  Plant. 
  Dis., 
  Rome, 
  v, 
  no. 
  3, 
  

   March 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  316-320. 
  

  

  In 
  1913, 
  the 
  most 
  troublesome 
  pest 
  in 
  Hungary 
  was 
  the 
  corn 
  ground 
  

   beetle 
  (Zahrus 
  tenehrioides, 
  Goeze) 
  which 
  injures 
  the 
  cereals 
  in 
  autumn, 
  

   attacking 
  the 
  seedlings, 
  and 
  if 
  the 
  winter 
  be 
  mild 
  continues 
  its 
  

   ravages 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  May. 
  Spraying, 
  with 
  an 
  ordinary 
  

   knapsack-sprayer, 
  with 
  a 
  nicotin 
  mixture 
  made 
  by 
  dissolving 
  2 
  oz. 
  

   of 
  sulphate 
  of 
  nicotin 
  and 
  IJ 
  lb. 
  of 
  soft 
  soap 
  in 
  10 
  gallons 
  of 
  water, 
  

   was 
  effective 
  in 
  killing 
  all 
  the 
  beetle 
  larvae. 
  Healthy, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  

   attacked, 
  plants 
  should 
  be 
  treated 
  and 
  the 
  earlier 
  the 
  spraying 
  is 
  done, 
  

   the 
  more 
  effective 
  is 
  its 
  action 
  and 
  the 
  lower 
  the 
  cost. 
  The 
  cereal 
  or 
  

   barley 
  leaf 
  beetle 
  {Lema 
  melanopus) 
  is 
  a 
  sporadic 
  pest 
  of 
  barley 
  and 
  

   oats, 
  attacking 
  their 
  leaves 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  spring, 
  and 
  causing 
  the 
  plants 
  

   to 
  dry 
  before 
  the 
  proper 
  time 
  and 
  yield 
  no 
  seed. 
  Catching 
  the 
  insects 
  

   by 
  means 
  of 
  nets 
  and 
  also 
  destroying 
  the 
  larvae 
  with 
  a 
  spray, 
  were 
  

   found 
  to 
  be 
  efficient 
  methods 
  of 
  control. 
  Spraying 
  is 
  more 
  satis- 
  

   factory 
  in 
  dry 
  weather, 
  the 
  formula 
  given 
  being, 
  4 
  lb. 
  of 
  nicotin 
  sulphate 
  

   and 
  15 
  lb. 
  of 
  soft 
  soap 
  to 
  100 
  gallons 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  Other 
  experiments 
  were 
  conducted 
  on 
  a 
  larger 
  scale, 
  with 
  sulphate 
  

   of 
  nicotin, 
  against 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  Clysia 
  ambiguella 
  and 
  Polychrosis 
  

   botrana, 
  which 
  cause 
  as 
  much 
  injury 
  to 
  vines 
  in 
  Hungary 
  as 
  elsewhere. 
  

   Sprays 
  containing 
  2 
  oz. 
  of 
  nicotin 
  (either 
  sulphate 
  or 
  extract) 
  and 
  

   IJ 
  lb. 
  of 
  soft 
  soap 
  to 
  10 
  gallons 
  of 
  water, 
  or 
  Dr. 
  Jean 
  Dufour's 
  mixture 
  

   composed 
  of 
  IJ 
  lb. 
  of 
  pyrethrum 
  powder 
  and 
  3 
  lb. 
  of 
  soft 
  soap 
  to 
  10 
  

   gallons 
  of 
  water, 
  were 
  used, 
  and 
  the 
  experiments 
  showed 
  that 
  98 
  to 
  

   99 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  were 
  destroyed, 
  provided 
  that 
  the 
  following 
  

   conditions 
  were 
  observed 
  : 
  — 
  (1) 
  that 
  the 
  control 
  be 
  commenced 
  at 
  

   the 
  most 
  favourable 
  moment 
  for 
  the 
  hatching 
  of 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  (in 
  

   Hungary 
  in 
  1913 
  it 
  was 
  after 
  May 
  24th) 
  ; 
  (2) 
  that 
  the 
  spraying 
  be 
  

   carried 
  out 
  under 
  high 
  pressure 
  ; 
  (3) 
  that 
  the 
  bunches 
  be 
  sprayed 
  

   on 
  both 
  sides 
  ; 
  (4) 
  that 
  the 
  solutions 
  be 
  composed 
  of 
  insecticidal 
  

   substances 
  (nicotin 
  and 
  pyrethrum) 
  and 
  of 
  substances 
  capable 
  of 
  

   removing 
  fat 
  (soap). 
  Experiments 
  were 
  undertaken 
  against 
  the 
  

   caterpillars 
  of 
  the 
  grape 
  moth 
  (Oenophthira 
  pilleriana) 
  ; 
  the 
  best 
  

   results 
  were 
  obtained 
  by 
  a 
  combination 
  of 
  hand-picking 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  

   when 
  the 
  young 
  shoots 
  were 
  beginning 
  to 
  be 
  attacked, 
  and 
  a 
  subse- 
  

   quent 
  spraying 
  with 
  Bordeaux 
  mixture 
  to 
  which 
  J 
  lb. 
  of 
  lead 
  arsenate 
  

   had 
  been 
  added 
  to 
  every 
  10 
  gallons 
  of 
  mixture 
  ; 
  what 
  the 
  ultimate 
  

   result 
  of 
  this 
  method 
  will 
  be 
  as 
  regards 
  efficiency 
  is 
  uncertain. 
  

  

  Cockchafers 
  {Polyphylla 
  fullo) 
  have 
  caused 
  much 
  damage 
  in 
  vine- 
  

   yards 
  ; 
  hand-picking 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  was 
  the 
  method 
  of 
  control 
  practised 
  ; 
  

   the 
  insect 
  has 
  a 
  preference 
  for 
  the 
  Scots 
  Pine 
  (Pinus 
  sylvestris), 
  Corsican 
  

   pine 
  (P. 
  laricio), 
  Austrian 
  pine 
  (P. 
  austriaca) 
  and 
  black 
  spruce 
  (Picea 
  

   nigra), 
  and 
  these 
  were 
  introduced 
  into 
  the 
  vineyards 
  ; 
  the 
  insects 
  

   are 
  attracted 
  by 
  them, 
  and 
  are 
  more 
  easily 
  collected 
  from 
  them, 
  than 
  

   from 
  most 
  other 
  trees. 
  

  

  