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  though 
  situated 
  in 
  the 
  most 
  threatening 
  surroundings, 
  near 
  forests 
  

   and 
  mountains 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  were 
  constantly 
  brought 
  

   by 
  the 
  wind, 
  had 
  full 
  leafage, 
  as 
  their 
  owners 
  conducted 
  the 
  fight 
  

   against 
  the 
  pests 
  energetically 
  ; 
  while, 
  where 
  no 
  remedies 
  were 
  applied, 
  

   the 
  trees 
  were 
  quite 
  leafless 
  and 
  gave 
  no 
  harvest. 
  At 
  first 
  when 
  the 
  

   caterpillars 
  were 
  small 
  and 
  were 
  being 
  transported 
  by 
  wind, 
  constant 
  

   care 
  was 
  necessary, 
  the 
  measures 
  adopted 
  being, 
  spraying 
  with 
  Paris 
  

   green 
  or 
  with 
  the 
  latter 
  mixed 
  with 
  Bordeaux 
  liquid, 
  and 
  shaking 
  the 
  

   caterpillars 
  from 
  the 
  trees. 
  Owing 
  to 
  the 
  small 
  doses 
  of 
  poison 
  applied 
  

   there 
  was 
  some 
  delay 
  before 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  were 
  destroyed 
  ; 
  some 
  

   owners 
  tried 
  tobacco 
  dust, 
  but 
  without 
  beneficial 
  results 
  and 
  had 
  to 
  

   return 
  to 
  the 
  above-named 
  insecticides. 
  The 
  author 
  thinks 
  it 
  a 
  matter 
  

   of 
  regret 
  that 
  nowhere 
  has 
  Djipsin 
  been 
  tried, 
  as 
  this 
  is 
  a 
  stronger 
  

   poison 
  than 
  Paris 
  green 
  and 
  causes 
  no 
  injury 
  to 
  the 
  leaves. 
  When 
  

   the 
  movement 
  of 
  the 
  caterpillar 
  ceases, 
  the 
  principal 
  remedy 
  consisted 
  

   in 
  bait-belts, 
  which 
  proved 
  very 
  valuable, 
  although 
  most 
  owners 
  had 
  

   no 
  sticky 
  material 
  of 
  a 
  good 
  quality. 
  [See 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A, 
  ii, 
  p. 
  274.] 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  proceeds 
  to 
  deal 
  with 
  the 
  following 
  pests 
  : 
  — 
  Psylla 
  pyri, 
  

   L., 
  has 
  not 
  done 
  much 
  damage, 
  although 
  an 
  outbreak 
  was 
  expected 
  in 
  

   view 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  amount 
  of 
  eggs. 
  It 
  is 
  assumed 
  that 
  the 
  cold 
  winds 
  

   prevailing 
  during 
  the 
  hatching 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  had 
  a 
  prejudicial 
  

   effect. 
  

  

  Hoplocampa 
  brevis, 
  Klug, 
  has 
  injured 
  a 
  great 
  number 
  of 
  ovaries 
  of 
  

   pear 
  trees 
  in 
  some 
  localities 
  in 
  Alushta 
  ; 
  beyond 
  shaking 
  down 
  from 
  

   the 
  trees, 
  no 
  remedies 
  were 
  apphed, 
  although 
  spraying 
  of 
  the 
  unfolded 
  

   buds 
  with 
  milk 
  of 
  lime 
  or 
  carbol-emulsion 
  might 
  have 
  prevented 
  much 
  

   harm. 
  

  

  Anihonamus 
  pomoriim, 
  L., 
  multiplied 
  in 
  great 
  numbers 
  and 
  has 
  

   done 
  serious 
  damage 
  to 
  ovaries 
  of 
  apple 
  and 
  pear 
  trees 
  in 
  many 
  parts 
  

   of 
  the 
  country. 
  Very 
  often 
  the 
  owners 
  mistake 
  the 
  damage 
  done 
  by 
  

   this 
  pest 
  for 
  that 
  caused 
  by 
  frosts 
  and 
  take 
  no 
  measures 
  against 
  it 
  ; 
  

   shaking 
  down 
  from 
  the 
  trees 
  and 
  belts 
  early 
  in 
  spring 
  are 
  suggested. 
  

   The 
  damage 
  actually 
  done 
  was 
  to 
  some 
  extent 
  diminished 
  owing 
  to 
  

   the 
  early 
  blossoming 
  of 
  the 
  trees 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  late 
  appearance 
  of 
  the 
  

   weevils, 
  which 
  occurred 
  in 
  many 
  places 
  after 
  the 
  fruit 
  was 
  set. 
  Ryhn- 
  

   chites 
  pauxillus, 
  Germ., 
  appeared 
  as 
  usual, 
  and 
  R. 
  bacchus, 
  L., 
  did 
  

   noticeable 
  damage 
  to 
  apple 
  trees 
  in 
  some 
  localities. 
  

  

  Cydia 
  (Carpocapsa) 
  pomonella, 
  L., 
  appeared 
  in 
  great 
  numbers 
  ; 
  in 
  

   some 
  orchards, 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  150 
  caterpillars 
  were 
  found 
  underneath 
  

   one 
  belt. 
  A 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  caterpillars 
  hibernated, 
  special 
  attention 
  

   should 
  therefore 
  be 
  paid 
  to 
  the 
  bark 
  of 
  the 
  trees. 
  

  

  Aphis 
  on 
  apple 
  and 
  pear 
  trees 
  appeared 
  nearly 
  everywhere. 
  The 
  

   fight 
  against 
  these 
  lice 
  in 
  the 
  Crimea 
  is 
  made 
  more 
  difficult 
  owing 
  to 
  

   their 
  appearance 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  when 
  the 
  trees 
  are 
  first 
  sprayed 
  with 
  

   Bordeaux 
  Hquid 
  and 
  Paris 
  green, 
  which 
  fungicides 
  do 
  not 
  affect 
  the 
  

   pests 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  make 
  it 
  troublesome 
  to 
  repeat 
  the 
  spraying 
  

   with 
  other 
  insecticides 
  ; 
  when 
  this 
  is 
  done 
  later, 
  the 
  hce 
  have 
  already 
  

   curled 
  the 
  leaves 
  and 
  thus 
  formed 
  some 
  sort 
  of 
  protection 
  for 
  them- 
  

   selves 
  against 
  the 
  poison. 
  

  

  Eriocampa 
  adumbrata, 
  Klug, 
  caused 
  great 
  devastation 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  

   parts 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  Katcha 
  ; 
  the 
  larvae 
  attacked 
  mostly 
  cherry 
  trees, 
  

   but 
  also 
  apple, 
  pear 
  and 
  nut 
  trees 
  ; 
  it 
  was 
  impossible 
  to 
  apply 
  remedies, 
  

   as 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  outbreak 
  coincided 
  with 
  the 
  cherrv 
  harvest. 
  The 
  

  

  