﻿348 
  

  

  accordingly 
  and 
  late 
  sowing 
  is 
  now 
  no 
  remedy. 
  Two 
  generations 
  

   occur 
  annually. 
  The 
  larva 
  eats 
  away 
  the 
  terminal 
  bud, 
  though 
  even 
  

   in 
  years 
  of 
  severe 
  infestation 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  plants 
  escape. 
  

  

  Control 
  may 
  be 
  effected 
  (1) 
  by 
  destroying 
  the 
  young 
  plants 
  which 
  

   are 
  infested 
  ; 
  (2) 
  by 
  putting 
  such 
  plants 
  in 
  developing 
  boxes 
  in 
  order 
  

   to 
  bring 
  out 
  and 
  develop 
  any 
  possible 
  parasites 
  in 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  ; 
  

   (3) 
  by 
  covering 
  the 
  beds 
  of 
  plants 
  just 
  above 
  the 
  ground 
  with 
  gauze, 
  

   so 
  as 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  moths 
  from 
  ovipositing 
  on 
  them. 
  In 
  this 
  case 
  

   some 
  plants 
  should 
  be 
  left 
  as 
  traps 
  and 
  such 
  as 
  become 
  infested 
  should 
  

   be 
  dealt 
  with 
  as 
  under 
  (1) 
  and 
  (2). 
  

  

  Grandi 
  (G.). 
  Descrizione 
  di 
  un 
  nuovo 
  Coccinellide 
  africano, 
  Seran- 
  

   gium 
  giffardi, 
  sp. 
  n. 
  [Description 
  of 
  a 
  new 
  African 
  Coccinellid, 
  

   Serangium 
  giffardi, 
  sp. 
  n.] 
  — 
  Boll. 
  Lab. 
  Zool. 
  Agrar. 
  R. 
  ScuolaSup. 
  

   Agric, 
  Portici, 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  165-178, 
  8 
  figs. 
  

  

  A 
  description 
  is 
  given 
  of 
  Serangium 
  giffardi, 
  which 
  was 
  collected 
  in 
  

   Nigeria 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Cameroons 
  by 
  Professor 
  Filippo 
  Silvestri. 
  Both 
  

   the 
  adult 
  beetle 
  and 
  its 
  larva 
  are 
  actively 
  predaceous 
  on 
  Aleurodidae. 
  

  

  EODZIANKO 
  (V. 
  N.). 
  MMHflaJlbHOM-b 
  CtMfltflt, 
  noBpeH{flaH)iMeM"b 
  

   CJlMBbl 
  M 
  aSpMKOCbl 
  BT> 
  ACTpaxaHCKOM 
  ryOepHJM. 
  — 
  [On 
  Eurytoma 
  

   amygdalis, 
  Enderlein, 
  which 
  injures 
  plums 
  and 
  apricots 
  in 
  the 
  

   govt, 
  of 
  Astrachan.] 
  Kiev, 
  1913, 
  10 
  pp. 
  

  

  Eurytoma 
  amygdalis 
  was 
  first 
  described 
  by 
  Enderlein 
  in 
  1907, 
  when 
  

   it 
  was 
  assumed 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  parasite, 
  although 
  the 
  host 
  was 
  not 
  known 
  ; 
  it 
  

   was 
  obtained 
  by 
  K. 
  Malkov 
  in 
  Bulgaria 
  from 
  mature 
  seeds 
  of 
  almond, 
  

   and 
  nearly 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  by 
  J. 
  F. 
  Schreiner 
  in 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  

   Astrachan, 
  where 
  its 
  larvae 
  damaged 
  plums 
  and 
  apricots. 
  The 
  author 
  

   refers 
  also 
  to 
  some 
  similar 
  investigations 
  on 
  this 
  insect 
  by 
  A. 
  F. 
  

   Fortunatov 
  and 
  by 
  S. 
  A. 
  Mokrzecki 
  in 
  Astrachan. 
  

  

  The 
  mature 
  larva 
  of 
  Eurytoma 
  amygdalis 
  hibernates 
  inside 
  the 
  stone 
  

   of 
  a 
  plum 
  or 
  apricot, 
  pupates 
  there 
  in 
  spring 
  and 
  the 
  imago 
  emerges 
  

   soon 
  afterwards, 
  having 
  gnawed 
  a 
  hole 
  in 
  the 
  walls 
  of 
  the 
  stone 
  and 
  

   through 
  the 
  fruit. 
  The 
  female 
  lays 
  its 
  egg 
  inside 
  the 
  young 
  fruits 
  

   and 
  the 
  larva 
  lives 
  inside 
  the 
  stone, 
  feeding 
  on 
  the 
  unripened 
  kernel 
  ; 
  

   one 
  larva 
  fives 
  inside 
  one 
  stone 
  and 
  usually 
  destroys 
  the 
  whole 
  kernel. 
  

   The 
  attacked 
  fruits 
  fall 
  off 
  either 
  when 
  still 
  green 
  or 
  in 
  a 
  half 
  matured 
  

   state, 
  though 
  some 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  ripen 
  and 
  cannot 
  be 
  distinguished 
  from 
  

   healthy 
  fruits. 
  The 
  author 
  believes 
  that 
  this 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  long 
  period 
  

   over 
  which 
  the 
  females 
  oviposit 
  ; 
  if 
  the 
  egg 
  has 
  been 
  laid 
  early, 
  the 
  

   larva 
  is 
  able 
  to 
  destroy 
  the 
  kernel, 
  thus 
  causing 
  the 
  fruit 
  to 
  fall 
  prema- 
  

   turely 
  ; 
  if 
  the 
  egg 
  has 
  been 
  laid 
  later 
  the 
  fruit 
  may 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  ripen. 
  

   This 
  assumption 
  requires 
  confirmation. 
  

  

  One 
  generation 
  of 
  the 
  insects 
  occurs 
  during 
  the 
  summer. 
  Schreiner 
  

   assumes 
  that 
  the 
  females 
  lay 
  the 
  eggs 
  in 
  the 
  parenchyma 
  underneath 
  

   the 
  epidermis, 
  but 
  the 
  author 
  thinks 
  that 
  it 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  true 
  that 
  the 
  

   female 
  pierces 
  with 
  its 
  ovipositor 
  through 
  the 
  parenchyma 
  and 
  the 
  

   walls 
  of 
  the 
  stone, 
  which 
  are 
  then 
  still 
  soft. 
  The 
  author 
  describes 
  the 
  

   larva 
  and 
  pupa 
  and 
  corrects, 
  by 
  request 
  of 
  Gunther 
  Enderlein, 
  an 
  

   error 
  in 
  the 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  female 
  by 
  the 
  latter 
  ; 
  the 
  annulus 
  (of 
  

   the 
  antenna) 
  is 
  as 
  broad 
  as 
  or 
  slightly 
  broader 
  than 
  long, 
  not 
  twice 
  

   as 
  long 
  as 
  broad, 
  as 
  stated 
  in 
  the 
  description. 
  

  

  