﻿354 
  

  

  and 
  Ischnaspis 
  silvestrii, 
  all 
  from 
  French 
  Guinea 
  and 
  found 
  on 
  plants 
  

   of 
  undetermined 
  species 
  ; 
  Aonidiella 
  chrysobalani 
  from 
  Senegal, 
  where 
  

   it 
  was 
  found 
  on 
  Chrysobalanus 
  ; 
  Hemichionaspis 
  proxima 
  from 
  Senegal 
  

   (where 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  mango), 
  Senegal 
  and 
  French 
  Guinea 
  (on 
  

   the 
  mango 
  and 
  Anona), 
  Dakar 
  (on 
  Calotropis 
  procera) 
  and 
  Lagos, 
  

   Angola 
  and 
  Pretoria 
  ; 
  Chrysomphalus 
  affinis 
  from 
  French 
  Guinea 
  

   (plant 
  undetermined) 
  and 
  Pretoria 
  (on 
  Nerium) 
  ; 
  Lepidosaphes 
  

   marginalis 
  from 
  Manou 
  (plant 
  undetermined). 
  

  

  TupiziN 
  (Y. 
  I.). 
  fpMGHbm 
  6ont3HH 
  h 
  HactKOMbm, 
  Ha6nioAaBiijiflCfl 
  

   Bii 
  1913 
  r. 
  Ha 
  lowHOM'b 
  6epery 
  KpbiMa 
  \^ 
  bii 
  BanaKnaecKOM-b 
  

   paJ10H%. 
  [Fungus-diseases 
  and 
  insect-pests 
  noticed 
  in 
  1913 
  on 
  the 
  

   South 
  Coast 
  of 
  the 
  Crimea 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  of 
  Balaklava.] 
  — 
  

   « 
  BtCTHHK-b 
  BwHOfltnifl 
  » 
  [Herald 
  of 
  Viticulture], 
  Odessa, 
  

   no. 
  4, 
  April 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  226-231. 
  

  

  Otiorrhynchus 
  tauricus, 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  Agrotis, 
  Pseudococcus 
  vitis 
  

   and 
  P. 
  adonidum 
  (longispinus) 
  are 
  reported 
  as 
  the 
  more 
  serious 
  pests 
  

   of 
  vine 
  in 
  1913 
  ; 
  they 
  have 
  not 
  however 
  appeared 
  everywhere, 
  but 
  

   only 
  in 
  isolated 
  localities 
  of 
  the 
  above 
  district. 
  

  

  Otiorrhynchus 
  tauricus 
  did 
  the 
  greatest 
  injury 
  on 
  the 
  Appanage- 
  

   Estate 
  " 
  Ai-Danil," 
  where 
  the 
  weevils 
  appeared 
  after 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  

   April. 
  The 
  beetles 
  remained 
  in 
  the 
  soil 
  during 
  the 
  day, 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  

   evening 
  they 
  attacked 
  the 
  buds 
  and 
  young 
  leaves 
  of 
  the 
  vines. 
  As 
  

   remedies, 
  the 
  insects 
  were 
  collected 
  in 
  the 
  day-time 
  and 
  during 
  the 
  

   evenings 
  with 
  the 
  assistance 
  of 
  lanterns, 
  and 
  a 
  spray 
  of 
  barium 
  chloride 
  

   was 
  applied. 
  The 
  cost 
  of 
  the 
  hand 
  collections 
  amounted 
  to 
  £76, 
  and 
  

   picking 
  during 
  the 
  evening 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  more 
  profitable 
  than 
  in 
  

   the 
  day-time. 
  This 
  hand-picking 
  proceeded 
  till 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  July, 
  the 
  

   weevils 
  being 
  most 
  numerous 
  in 
  April 
  ; 
  the 
  total 
  number 
  collected 
  

   was 
  370,000. 
  While 
  the 
  young 
  leaves 
  were 
  still 
  tender, 
  a 
  2 
  per 
  cent, 
  

   solution 
  of 
  barium 
  chloride 
  was 
  used, 
  later 
  it 
  was 
  increased 
  to 
  3 
  per 
  

   cent. 
  ; 
  potato-molasses 
  was 
  added 
  to 
  the 
  solution, 
  in 
  the 
  proportion 
  

   of 
  5-6 
  lb. 
  to 
  every 
  55 
  gallons. 
  The 
  cost 
  of 
  the 
  spraying 
  operations 
  

   was 
  £28 
  Ss., 
  and 
  they 
  were 
  conducted 
  over 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  81 
  acres. 
  On 
  

   other 
  estates 
  these 
  insects 
  did 
  not 
  appear 
  at 
  all, 
  or 
  only 
  in 
  small 
  

   numbers. 
  

  

  The 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  Agrotis 
  were 
  noticed 
  on 
  one 
  estate 
  after 
  the 
  17th 
  

   April, 
  but 
  out 
  of 
  over 
  20 
  acres 
  of 
  vineyards 
  on 
  this 
  estate, 
  they 
  appeared 
  

   only 
  on 
  about 
  one-third 
  of 
  an 
  acre. 
  They 
  attacked 
  mostly 
  the 
  vine 
  

   known 
  as 
  " 
  Pino-Shardone," 
  on 
  which 
  1,200 
  caterpillars 
  were 
  collected 
  

   in 
  one 
  evening, 
  also 
  the 
  varieties 
  Kaberne, 
  Aligote 
  and 
  Saperavi. 
  The 
  

   damage 
  done 
  by 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  consisted 
  in 
  eating 
  out 
  the 
  buds 
  

   and 
  in 
  injuring 
  the 
  leaves 
  on 
  the 
  young 
  shoots 
  The 
  caterpillars 
  

   fed 
  only 
  at 
  night, 
  remaining 
  in 
  the 
  ground 
  in 
  the 
  day-time 
  ; 
  they 
  were 
  

   observed 
  mostly 
  in 
  vineyards 
  on 
  slaty 
  soil 
  and 
  in 
  those 
  fitted 
  with 
  

   wooden 
  instead 
  of 
  iron 
  posts. 
  

  

  Pseudococcus 
  vitis 
  has 
  appeared 
  yearly 
  during 
  the 
  last 
  18 
  years 
  on 
  

   the 
  " 
  Livadia 
  " 
  estate, 
  the 
  greatest 
  damage 
  having 
  been 
  done 
  in 
  1898. 
  

   The 
  campaign 
  conducted 
  against 
  this 
  pest 
  has 
  however 
  gradually 
  dimi- 
  

   nished 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  injury 
  done 
  by 
  it 
  and 
  of 
  late 
  it 
  has 
  not 
  caused 
  

   any 
  considerable 
  reduction 
  in 
  the 
  vintage. 
  The 
  remedies 
  adopted 
  were, 
  

   smearing 
  the 
  attacked 
  stocks 
  with 
  kerosene 
  emulsion 
  during 
  the 
  

  

  