﻿355 
  

  

  summer, 
  and 
  dusting 
  with 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  sulphur 
  and 
  hme 
  in 
  the 
  propor- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  1 
  part 
  of 
  sulphur 
  to 
  2 
  parts 
  of 
  lime. 
  

  

  Amongst 
  the 
  other 
  insects 
  are 
  mentioned 
  : 
  Phytoptus 
  vitis, 
  Cecido- 
  

   myia 
  oenophila, 
  Haltica 
  ampelophaga, 
  and 
  the 
  moths, 
  Antispila 
  rivilleif 
  

   Ino 
  ampelophaga 
  and 
  Clysia 
  amhiguella. 
  The 
  last-named 
  insect 
  was 
  

   found 
  on 
  the 
  " 
  Livadia 
  " 
  estate 
  in 
  very 
  small 
  numbers 
  ; 
  it 
  injured 
  

   mostly 
  those 
  varieties 
  of 
  vine 
  which 
  have 
  thicker 
  clusters, 
  such 
  as 
  

   RisUng 
  and 
  Ahgote, 
  although 
  found 
  also 
  on 
  Tchaushe 
  ; 
  less 
  damage 
  

   was 
  done 
  to 
  red 
  grades. 
  Handpicking 
  of 
  the 
  insect, 
  during 
  the 
  

   blossoming 
  and 
  again 
  during 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  ripening, 
  was 
  tried 
  with 
  some 
  

   success. 
  All 
  the 
  other 
  named 
  pests 
  appeared 
  in 
  such 
  negUgible 
  

   quantities 
  that 
  no 
  remedies 
  were 
  used 
  against 
  them. 
  

  

  Sacharov 
  (N.). 
  BpeAHTenw 
  ropHMUbi 
  \^ 
  Mtpbi 
  6opb6bi 
  cb 
  hmmm. 
  

  

  [Pests 
  of 
  mustard 
  and 
  methods 
  of 
  fighting 
  them 
  (preUminary 
  

   observations).] 
  — 
  Report 
  of 
  the 
  Entomological 
  Station 
  of 
  the 
  

   Astrachan 
  Society 
  of 
  Fruit-growing, 
  Market-Gardening 
  and 
  Agri-^ 
  

   culture, 
  Astrachan, 
  1914, 
  42 
  pp., 
  5 
  pis. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  starts 
  with 
  a 
  review 
  of 
  the 
  cultivation 
  of 
  mustard 
  in 
  

   the 
  Government 
  [see 
  also 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A. 
  i, 
  pp. 
  536-537] 
  which 
  

   tends 
  to 
  show 
  that, 
  although 
  this 
  plant 
  is 
  very 
  valuable 
  to 
  the 
  

   agriculturist 
  and 
  specially 
  able 
  to 
  withstand 
  dry 
  weather, 
  the 
  yield 
  

   is 
  very 
  small, 
  ranging 
  up 
  to 
  only 
  400 
  lb. 
  per 
  acre. 
  The 
  author 
  attributes 
  

   this 
  to 
  droughts, 
  to 
  insufficient 
  attention 
  from 
  cultivators, 
  and 
  to 
  

   insect 
  pests, 
  the 
  last 
  factor 
  being 
  the 
  most 
  important. 
  The 
  Ento- 
  

   mological 
  Station 
  of 
  Astrachan 
  has 
  conducted 
  investigations 
  on 
  pests 
  

   of 
  this 
  plant 
  during 
  the 
  past 
  year, 
  some 
  preliminary 
  results 
  of 
  which 
  

   are 
  here 
  recorded. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  divides 
  the 
  insect 
  pests 
  of 
  mustard 
  into 
  four 
  groups 
  

   as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  (1) 
  Insects 
  eating 
  the 
  leaves 
  : 
  Colaphus 
  sophiae, 
  Schall., 
  

   Entomoscelis 
  adonidis. 
  Pall., 
  Pieris 
  daplidice, 
  L., 
  P. 
  rapae, 
  L., 
  Plutella 
  

   maculipennis, 
  Curt., 
  Plusia 
  gamma, 
  L., 
  Athalia 
  spinarum, 
  F., 
  and 
  

   various 
  species 
  of 
  Phyllotreta. 
  (2) 
  Insects 
  damaging 
  the 
  pods, 
  of 
  

   which 
  only 
  Euergestis 
  (Orobena) 
  extimalis, 
  Sc. 
  was 
  recorded. 
  (3) 
  

   Insects 
  feeding 
  on 
  the 
  roots 
  : 
  Larvae 
  of 
  Lixus 
  ascanii 
  var. 
  alhomar- 
  

   ginatus. 
  Boh. 
  (4) 
  Sucking 
  insects 
  : 
  Eurydema 
  ornatum, 
  L., 
  E, 
  

   festivum, 
  L. 
  var. 
  chloroticum, 
  Horv., 
  Poeciloscytus 
  cognatus, 
  Fieb., 
  

   Carpocoris 
  purpureipennis, 
  De 
  G., 
  Codophila 
  varia, 
  F., 
  Dolycoris 
  

   baccarum, 
  L., 
  and 
  Aphis 
  brassicae, 
  L. 
  

  

  Colaphus 
  sophiae 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  many 
  governments 
  of 
  Russia, 
  breeding 
  

   generally 
  on 
  various 
  species 
  of 
  winter 
  cress, 
  and 
  the 
  author 
  found 
  it 
  

   in 
  Astrachan 
  on 
  wild 
  Cruciferae, 
  and 
  especially 
  on 
  mustard. 
  The 
  

   beetle 
  winters 
  as 
  an 
  imago 
  in 
  the 
  soil 
  or 
  under 
  leaves, 
  stones 
  etc. 
  The 
  

   eggs 
  are 
  laid 
  in 
  heaps 
  on, 
  the 
  leaves, 
  mostly 
  on 
  their 
  lower 
  sides, 
  but 
  

   also 
  on 
  the 
  stalks 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  slightly 
  stuck 
  together 
  and 
  each 
  heap 
  

   contains 
  from 
  five 
  to 
  twenty-five 
  or 
  more 
  eggs. 
  The 
  egg 
  stage 
  lasts 
  

   four 
  days 
  ; 
  the 
  larval 
  stage 
  18-21 
  ; 
  the 
  pupal, 
  10-12 
  days, 
  the 
  larva 
  

   burrowing 
  into 
  the 
  earth 
  to 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  about 
  | 
  inch. 
  The 
  principal 
  

   damage 
  is 
  done 
  by 
  the 
  larvae, 
  which 
  live 
  in 
  colonies 
  and 
  pass 
  from 
  one 
  

   plant 
  to 
  another. 
  The 
  imagines 
  do 
  not 
  fly 
  readily 
  and 
  remain 
  on 
  the 
  

   mustard 
  until 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  cropped 
  ; 
  they 
  then 
  pass 
  to 
  cruciferous 
  

   weeds 
  or 
  vegetables. 
  The 
  beetles 
  also 
  do 
  much 
  harm 
  to 
  cabbages 
  

  

  C37 
  b2 
  

  

  