﻿357 
  

  

  good 
  this 
  damage 
  by 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  egg-masses 
  of 
  locusts 
  by 
  

   their 
  larvae. 
  

  

  As 
  a 
  protection 
  against 
  leaf-eating 
  insects, 
  the 
  author 
  recommends 
  

   spraying 
  the 
  plants 
  with 
  Paris 
  green 
  in 
  proportion 
  of 
  | 
  lb. 
  of 
  green, 
  

   1 
  lb. 
  of 
  caustic 
  lime, 
  and 
  1 
  lb. 
  of 
  green 
  soap 
  in 
  about 
  33 
  gallons 
  of 
  water. 
  

   The 
  spraying 
  must 
  be 
  done 
  immediately 
  after 
  the 
  young 
  seedUngs 
  

   appear, 
  when 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  small 
  leaves 
  have 
  formed, 
  and 
  must 
  be 
  repeated 
  

   before 
  the 
  appearance 
  of 
  the 
  blossoms. 
  Rainy 
  weather 
  involves 
  

   respraying 
  and 
  a 
  third 
  spraying 
  must 
  be 
  performed 
  after 
  the 
  formation 
  

   of 
  the 
  first 
  pods, 
  or 
  after 
  the 
  blossoming, 
  if 
  insects 
  are 
  very 
  numerous. 
  

   The 
  cost 
  of 
  the 
  sprapng 
  with 
  Paris 
  green 
  is 
  estimated 
  at 
  about 
  Is. 
  

   per 
  acre. 
  

  

  Euergestis 
  extimalis 
  injures 
  turnip 
  and 
  radish, 
  also 
  other 
  vegetables 
  

   grown 
  for 
  seed 
  and, 
  as 
  shown 
  by 
  last 
  year's 
  observations, 
  pods 
  of 
  

   mustard. 
  The 
  moths 
  appear 
  on 
  mustard 
  at 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  June 
  

   when 
  the 
  first 
  pods 
  are 
  forming, 
  and 
  on 
  these 
  they 
  oviposit, 
  the 
  eggs 
  

   usually 
  being 
  laid 
  on 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  pods 
  or 
  in 
  the 
  suture 
  along 
  the 
  

   septum. 
  One 
  female 
  in 
  captivity 
  laid 
  80 
  eggs, 
  and 
  on 
  being 
  dissected 
  

   showed 
  more 
  eggs 
  in 
  its 
  ovaries. 
  The 
  author 
  describes 
  all 
  the 
  stages 
  

   of 
  the 
  insect, 
  pupation 
  taking 
  place 
  in 
  the 
  earth 
  at 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  about 
  

   1 
  inch. 
  The 
  larvae 
  devour 
  the 
  seeds 
  in 
  the 
  pods, 
  and 
  when 
  full-grown, 
  

   sometimes 
  consume 
  the 
  walls 
  of 
  the 
  pods 
  also. 
  These 
  insects 
  injure 
  

   mustard 
  chiefly 
  in 
  the 
  district 
  of 
  Astrachan, 
  but 
  are 
  not 
  common 
  

   elsewhere. 
  It 
  is 
  assumed 
  that 
  three 
  generations 
  occur, 
  the 
  first 
  and 
  

   the 
  last 
  breeding 
  evidently 
  on 
  cruciferous 
  weeds 
  or 
  on 
  vegetables 
  

   grown 
  for 
  seed. 
  The 
  caterpillars 
  hibernate 
  in 
  their 
  cocoons, 
  pupation 
  

   taking 
  place 
  in 
  spring. 
  The 
  following 
  parasites 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  : 
  — 
  

   Limnerium 
  albidum, 
  Gmel., 
  a 
  solitary 
  parasite 
  ; 
  Bracon 
  sp., 
  of 
  which 
  

   5 
  to 
  8 
  larvae 
  live 
  in 
  one 
  host 
  ; 
  Apanteles 
  sp., 
  which 
  parasitises 
  the 
  

   adult 
  caterpillars, 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  Hymenopteron 
  leaving 
  the 
  host 
  

   and 
  pupating 
  on 
  the 
  plant 
  ; 
  Blepharida 
  vulgaris, 
  Fall., 
  reared 
  from 
  

   the 
  adult 
  caterpillars 
  ; 
  and 
  Agathis 
  sp., 
  a 
  solitary 
  parasite 
  of 
  the 
  

   pupa. 
  Spraying 
  with 
  various 
  arsenical 
  insecticides 
  is 
  suggested 
  as 
  a 
  

   remedy 
  to 
  be 
  apphed 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  when 
  7 
  to 
  10 
  pods 
  have 
  been 
  formed 
  ; 
  

   a 
  small 
  number 
  of 
  blossoms 
  suffer 
  from 
  the 
  insecticide, 
  but 
  these 
  will 
  

   recover 
  ; 
  when 
  the 
  blossoming 
  is 
  over 
  the 
  spraying 
  must 
  be 
  repeated. 
  

  

  Lixus 
  ascani 
  var. 
  alhomarginatus 
  is 
  found 
  sparingly 
  on 
  mustard 
  near 
  

   Zarev, 
  injuring 
  the 
  roots 
  and 
  causing 
  the 
  stalks 
  to 
  break. 
  Rotation 
  

   of 
  crops 
  is 
  the 
  best 
  remedy 
  ; 
  and 
  wheat 
  or 
  millet 
  should 
  be 
  sown 
  in 
  

   places 
  where 
  the 
  pest 
  has 
  appeared, 
  the 
  fields 
  being 
  surrounded 
  with 
  

   trap 
  strips 
  of 
  mustard, 
  which 
  must 
  be 
  destroyed 
  by 
  burning 
  at 
  the 
  

   end 
  of 
  their 
  blossoming 
  when 
  oviposition 
  has 
  already 
  taken 
  place. 
  

   If 
  the 
  strips 
  are 
  impracticable, 
  mixed 
  sowings 
  of 
  wheat, 
  millet 
  or 
  some 
  

   other 
  plants, 
  and 
  mustard 
  must 
  be 
  tried, 
  at 
  least 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  lb. 
  of 
  mustard 
  

   mixed 
  with 
  sand 
  being 
  sown 
  broadcast. 
  This 
  will 
  attract 
  the 
  pest 
  

   and 
  after 
  the 
  blossoming 
  is 
  over, 
  must 
  be 
  dug 
  out, 
  root 
  and 
  all, 
  and 
  

   destroyed 
  ; 
  care 
  must 
  also 
  be 
  taken 
  to 
  destroy 
  stray 
  mustard 
  plants 
  

   which 
  survive 
  the 
  winter, 
  especially 
  after 
  a 
  wet 
  autumn. 
  The 
  author 
  

   mentions 
  that 
  another 
  unidentified 
  species 
  of 
  LixiLS 
  also 
  occurs 
  on 
  

   mustard. 
  

  

  The 
  various 
  sucking 
  pests 
  are 
  then 
  dealt 
  with. 
  Eurydema 
  ornatum 
  

   is 
  found 
  ever5rwhere 
  in 
  Russia, 
  injuring 
  chiefly 
  cabbages 
  and 
  other 
  

   vegetables 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  Astrachan 
  it 
  especially 
  attacks 
  

  

  