﻿382 
  

  

  applied, 
  the 
  cost 
  being 
  only 
  30 
  cents 
  per 
  acre. 
  Further 
  experiments 
  

   are 
  being 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  grain 
  fields 
  at 
  Lethbridge. 
  

  

  Hinds 
  (W. 
  E.). 
  Reducing 
  Insect 
  Injury 
  to 
  Stored 
  Grain. 
  — 
  Jl. 
  Econ. 
  

   Entom., 
  Concord,vu, 
  no. 
  2, 
  April 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  203-211. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  states 
  that 
  in 
  economic 
  value 
  for 
  the 
  Southern 
  States 
  

   the 
  problem 
  of 
  reducing 
  insect 
  injury 
  to 
  stored 
  grain 
  is 
  only 
  second 
  in 
  

   importance 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  controlUng 
  the 
  Mexican 
  cotton-boll 
  weevil. 
  

   There 
  are 
  several 
  species 
  of 
  insects 
  concerned 
  in 
  the 
  injury 
  to 
  stored 
  

   maize, 
  their 
  relative 
  importance 
  varying 
  in 
  different 
  parts. 
  The 
  most 
  

   generally 
  important 
  of 
  these 
  species 
  include 
  two 
  moths, 
  the 
  Indian 
  

   meal 
  snout 
  moth, 
  Plodia 
  inter 
  jpunctella, 
  and 
  the 
  Angumois 
  grain 
  moth, 
  

   Sitotroga 
  cerealella, 
  and 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  small 
  beetles, 
  known 
  generally 
  

   as 
  enemies 
  of 
  stored 
  products 
  : 
  — 
  the 
  rust 
  red 
  beetle, 
  Tribolium 
  ferru- 
  

   gineum, 
  the 
  flour 
  beetle, 
  T. 
  confusum, 
  the 
  square-necked 
  grain 
  beetle, 
  

   Cathartus 
  gemellatus, 
  and 
  the 
  saw-toothed 
  grain 
  beetle, 
  Silvanus 
  

   surinamensis. 
  More 
  important 
  than 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  is 
  the 
  so-called 
  rice- 
  

   weevil, 
  Calandra 
  oryzae, 
  L., 
  known 
  also 
  as 
  the 
  black 
  weevil. 
  This 
  is 
  

   the 
  species 
  with 
  which 
  the 
  present 
  paper 
  is 
  concerned, 
  though 
  what 
  is 
  

   effective 
  for 
  its 
  control 
  is 
  effective 
  likewise 
  in 
  reducing 
  injury 
  by 
  most 
  

   of 
  the 
  other 
  species. 
  

  

  It 
  has 
  been 
  observed 
  that 
  different 
  varieties 
  of 
  grain 
  offer 
  varying 
  

   degrees 
  of 
  resistance 
  to 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  the 
  weevils. 
  Various 
  kinds 
  have 
  

   been 
  tested 
  and 
  it 
  would 
  appear 
  that 
  among 
  the 
  requisite 
  characters 
  

   of 
  a 
  resistant, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  an 
  otherwise 
  good 
  variety, 
  are 
  large 
  yield, 
  

   sound 
  grain, 
  thorough 
  husk-covering 
  and 
  pendant 
  ears. 
  Seed 
  selection 
  

   should 
  be 
  practised 
  in 
  the 
  field 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  harvesting. 
  

  

  To 
  protect 
  upland 
  maize, 
  a 
  few 
  rows 
  of 
  a 
  more 
  rapidly 
  maturing 
  

   variety 
  should 
  be 
  planted 
  a 
  few 
  weeks 
  in 
  advance 
  of 
  the 
  main 
  crop 
  ; 
  

   this 
  serves 
  to 
  concentrate 
  the 
  weevils. 
  These 
  " 
  trap 
  rows 
  " 
  should 
  be 
  

   gathered 
  six 
  weeks 
  after 
  the 
  maize 
  passes 
  the 
  " 
  roasting 
  ear 
  " 
  stage 
  ; 
  

   this 
  serves 
  to 
  keep 
  the 
  weevils 
  on 
  these 
  ears 
  and 
  secures 
  their 
  removal 
  

   from 
  the 
  field 
  when 
  the 
  maximum 
  number 
  of 
  old 
  weevils 
  are 
  present 
  

   and 
  before 
  the 
  first 
  autumn 
  generation 
  is 
  ready 
  to 
  emerge 
  and 
  spread 
  

   into 
  the 
  main 
  crop. 
  

  

  Regarding 
  harvesting 
  methods, 
  it 
  is 
  recommended 
  to 
  strip 
  the 
  

   sheaths 
  off 
  the 
  ears 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  the 
  maize 
  is 
  gathered, 
  thus 
  leaving 
  three- 
  

   fourths 
  of 
  the 
  weevils 
  in 
  the 
  field. 
  Weevils 
  shaken 
  off 
  into 
  the 
  bottom 
  

   of 
  the 
  wagons 
  should 
  be 
  swept 
  away, 
  when 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  fear 
  of 
  their 
  

   finding 
  their 
  way 
  back 
  again. 
  

  

  Where 
  weevils 
  are 
  present 
  at 
  storage 
  time, 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  better 
  way 
  

   than 
  to 
  fumigate 
  with 
  carbon 
  bisulphide 
  ; 
  this 
  should 
  be 
  done 
  on 
  a 
  

   warm 
  day, 
  using 
  20 
  lb. 
  per 
  1,000 
  cubic 
  feet. 
  A 
  spring 
  treatment 
  in 
  

   March, 
  if 
  well 
  carried 
  out, 
  is 
  all 
  that 
  is 
  likely 
  to 
  be 
  required 
  after 
  that 
  

   time. 
  [See 
  also 
  Bull. 
  176, 
  Alabama 
  Agric. 
  JExpt. 
  Sta., 
  Feb. 
  1914.] 
  

  

  Hewitt 
  (C. 
  G.). 
  Sterility 
  in 
  Oats 
  caused 
  by 
  Thrips. 
  — 
  Jl. 
  Econ* 
  

   Entom., 
  Concord, 
  vii, 
  no. 
  2, 
  April 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  211-219, 
  1 
  pi. 
  1 
  fig. 
  

  

  In 
  1911, 
  the 
  author 
  investigated 
  injury 
  to 
  oats 
  caused 
  by 
  the 
  Grass 
  

   Thrips, 
  Anaphothrips 
  striatus, 
  Osborn, 
  which 
  had 
  occurred 
  in 
  

   Saskatchewan, 
  Alberta, 
  Vancover 
  and 
  Ottawa. 
  The 
  lower 
  spikelets 
  

  

  