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  Howard, 
  Signijphora 
  nigrita, 
  Ashmead, 
  and 
  Perissopterus 
  pulcIielluSy 
  

   Howard. 
  The 
  last 
  two 
  species 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  comparatively 
  un- 
  

   important. 
  Taking 
  the 
  State 
  as 
  a 
  whole, 
  the 
  breeding 
  records 
  for 
  

   September 
  and 
  October 
  1913 
  indicate 
  that 
  P. 
  pemiciosi 
  was 
  probably 
  

   the 
  most 
  numerous 
  species 
  ; 
  A. 
  diaspidis 
  predominated 
  numerically 
  

   in 
  two 
  counties, 
  ^^YniQA.fuscipennis 
  ranked 
  first 
  in 
  three 
  counties. 
  

  

  To 
  determine 
  the 
  ratio 
  of 
  parasitism, 
  counts 
  were 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  scales 
  

   after 
  the 
  rearings 
  of 
  the 
  parasites 
  were 
  completed. 
  Some 
  20,000 
  

   individuals 
  were 
  examined, 
  of 
  which 
  about 
  3,500 
  contained 
  exit 
  holes 
  

   of 
  the 
  Hymenoptera. 
  The 
  percentage 
  of 
  scales 
  affected 
  varied 
  between 
  

   12 
  and 
  24 
  per 
  cent, 
  for 
  the 
  entire 
  State. 
  Some 
  attention 
  was 
  also 
  

   directed 
  to 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  parasites 
  in 
  orchards 
  which 
  had 
  been 
  

   regularly 
  sprayed 
  with 
  lime-sulphur 
  mixture 
  ; 
  in 
  some 
  instances 
  

   12 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  the 
  scales 
  were 
  destroyed 
  by 
  parasites. 
  In 
  orchards 
  

   that 
  have 
  been 
  treated 
  with 
  the 
  spray 
  for 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  years, 
  7 
  per 
  cent, 
  

   of 
  the 
  scales 
  were 
  parasitised. 
  The 
  result 
  of 
  these 
  studies 
  is 
  to 
  show 
  

  

  [that 
  the 
  different 
  species 
  of 
  parasites 
  vary 
  a 
  good 
  deal 
  locally, 
  both 
  in 
  

  

  [their 
  numbers 
  and 
  relative 
  importance. 
  

  

  [Shelford 
  (V. 
  E.). 
  The 
  Importance 
  of 
  the 
  Measure 
  of 
  Evaporation 
  in 
  

   Economic 
  Studies 
  of 
  Insects. 
  — 
  Jl. 
  Econ, 
  Entom., 
  Concord, 
  vii, 
  

   no. 
  2, 
  April 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  229-233. 
  

  

  Environmental 
  factors 
  influence 
  organisms 
  in 
  respect 
  of 
  their 
  

   [migrations, 
  either 
  by 
  producing 
  death, 
  or 
  by 
  modifying 
  their 
  

   metabolism, 
  fecundity, 
  length 
  of 
  hfe, 
  size, 
  etc. 
  Evaporation 
  deter- 
  

   minations 
  show 
  to 
  some 
  extent 
  the 
  conditions 
  of 
  temperature, 
  moisture, 
  

   wind 
  movements 
  and 
  isolation, 
  and 
  for 
  this 
  reason 
  afford 
  certain 
  data 
  

   regarding 
  environmental 
  factors. 
  The 
  author 
  has 
  experimented 
  upon 
  

   the 
  rate 
  of 
  evaporation 
  upon 
  insects 
  and 
  more 
  particularly 
  upon 
  frogs, 
  

   salamanders 
  and 
  toads, 
  and 
  he 
  finds 
  that 
  the 
  effects 
  of 
  evaporation 
  

   ipon 
  the 
  animal 
  are 
  the 
  same, 
  whatever 
  the 
  cause 
  be 
  (dryness, 
  

   [temperature, 
  etc.). 
  The 
  experiments 
  were 
  made 
  with 
  the 
  Livingstone 
  

   [porous 
  cup 
  atmometers, 
  which 
  are 
  described 
  by 
  the 
  author 
  on 
  p. 
  249 
  

   [of 
  the 
  same 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  Journal. 
  

  

  EIuNTER 
  (W. 
  D.). 
  Quarantine 
  against 
  the 
  Mexican 
  Cotton-Boll 
  Weevil. 
  

   — 
  Jl, 
  Econ, 
  Entom., 
  Concord, 
  vii, 
  no. 
  2 
  April 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  234-240. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  recapitulates 
  the 
  specific 
  points 
  in 
  the 
  life-history 
  of 
  the 
  

   [exican 
  cotton-boll 
  weevil 
  which 
  justify 
  legislation 
  against 
  it. 
  He 
  

   is 
  of 
  the 
  opinion 
  that 
  prohibition, 
  estabhshed 
  by 
  specific 
  laws, 
  on 
  

   iccount 
  of 
  its 
  inflexibility 
  is 
  more 
  unsatisfactory 
  than 
  regulations 
  

   formulated 
  by 
  boards 
  under 
  general 
  authority, 
  which 
  are 
  better 
  suited 
  

   bo 
  the 
  needs 
  of 
  individual 
  locaUties. 
  A 
  summary 
  is 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  

   restricted 
  or 
  prohibited 
  articles 
  in 
  the 
  different 
  southern 
  States. 
  In 
  

   support 
  of 
  the 
  prohibition 
  system, 
  the 
  author 
  states 
  that 
  since 
  it 
  has 
  

   been 
  in 
  practice, 
  no 
  sporadic 
  outbreaks 
  of 
  the 
  weevil 
  have 
  occurred 
  

   in 
  districts 
  beyond 
  its 
  range 
  of 
  flight 
  from 
  already 
  infested 
  districts 
  ; 
  

   it 
  is 
  therefore 
  likely 
  that 
  many 
  introductions 
  have 
  been 
  prevented 
  and 
  

   that 
  the 
  resulting 
  good 
  far 
  exceeds 
  the 
  temporary 
  interference 
  with 
  

   shipping 
  that 
  the 
  restrictions 
  have 
  caused. 
  

  

  C37 
  D 
  

  

  