﻿390 
  

  

  KuMSEY 
  (W. 
  E.). 
  The 
  San 
  Jos6 
  Scale 
  {Aspidiotus 
  imniciosus. 
  Corn- 
  

   stock). 
  — 
  W. 
  Virginia 
  Crop 
  Pest 
  Commiss., 
  Morgantown, 
  Bull. 
  

   no. 
  3, 
  Feb. 
  1914, 
  15 
  pp., 
  3 
  figs. 
  

  

  The 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  is 
  dealt 
  with 
  at 
  some 
  length 
  in 
  this 
  bulletin, 
  

   which 
  is 
  intended 
  to 
  encourage 
  the 
  owners 
  of 
  small 
  home 
  orchards 
  

   and 
  of 
  town 
  lots 
  to 
  control 
  its 
  ravages 
  on 
  their 
  premises. 
  The 
  life- 
  

   history 
  is 
  described, 
  and 
  the 
  fact 
  of 
  its 
  being 
  viviparous, 
  an 
  unusual 
  

   condition 
  among 
  scale-insects, 
  is 
  mentioned. 
  The 
  following 
  list 
  of 
  food- 
  

   plants 
  is 
  given 
  : 
  — 
  Apple, 
  peach, 
  apricot, 
  pear, 
  plum, 
  cherry, 
  persimmon, 
  

   quince, 
  almond, 
  chestnut, 
  pecan, 
  walnut, 
  raspberry, 
  gooseberry, 
  

   currants, 
  and 
  vines 
  ; 
  rose, 
  hawthorn. 
  Spiraea, 
  fire 
  thorn, 
  Euonymus, 
  

   English 
  blackberry, 
  linden, 
  acacia, 
  elm, 
  osage-orange, 
  alder, 
  sumac, 
  

   various 
  willows, 
  milk 
  weed, 
  catalpa, 
  Lombardy 
  poplar, 
  Carolina 
  poplar, 
  

   golden-leaved 
  poplar, 
  silver 
  maple, 
  cut-leaved 
  birch, 
  mountain 
  ash, 
  

   Japanese 
  quince, 
  Actinidia, 
  Citrus 
  trifoliata, 
  red 
  dogwood, 
  snowball, 
  

   Juneberry, 
  loquat, 
  laurel 
  and 
  Akebia. 
  

  

  With 
  so 
  many 
  food-plants 
  to 
  harbour 
  them, 
  it 
  is 
  impossible 
  to 
  

   exterminate 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  when 
  once 
  thoroughly 
  established 
  in 
  a 
  

   locality, 
  though 
  by 
  proper 
  treatment 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  checked 
  and 
  the 
  injury 
  

   done 
  by 
  it 
  greatly 
  reduced. 
  Under 
  the 
  heading 
  of 
  natural 
  enemies 
  

   the 
  author 
  points 
  out 
  that 
  insect 
  enemies 
  cannot 
  establish 
  themselves 
  

   among 
  small 
  localised 
  infestations, 
  as 
  when 
  the 
  insect 
  host 
  is 
  killed 
  

   out 
  the 
  parasite 
  will 
  die 
  of 
  starvation 
  ; 
  but 
  when 
  the 
  scale 
  is 
  more 
  

   generally 
  distributed 
  they 
  will 
  be 
  of 
  greater 
  value. 
  The 
  usual 
  miscible 
  

   oil 
  and 
  lime-sulphur 
  sprays 
  are 
  recommended, 
  which 
  should 
  be 
  applied 
  

   after 
  the 
  leaves 
  are 
  down 
  and 
  the 
  wood 
  has 
  ripened, 
  and 
  before 
  the 
  

   buds 
  open. 
  In 
  beginning 
  the 
  fight 
  against 
  this 
  insect 
  Avhere 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  

   bad 
  infestation, 
  one 
  application 
  should 
  be 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  autumn 
  and 
  

   another 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  spring. 
  Once 
  the 
  pest 
  is 
  under 
  control 
  one 
  careful 
  

   spraying 
  should 
  suffice. 
  Pruning 
  the 
  trees 
  first 
  will 
  save 
  material 
  

   and 
  labour 
  ; 
  care 
  should 
  be 
  taken 
  to 
  cover 
  the 
  tree 
  thoroughly 
  from 
  

   all 
  four 
  sides, 
  the 
  very 
  small 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  scale 
  making 
  this 
  necessary. 
  

   The 
  author 
  urges 
  the 
  co-operation 
  of 
  all 
  fruit-growers 
  and 
  farmers 
  in 
  

   fighting 
  this 
  pest. 
  

  

  Desmoulins 
  (A.). 
  Le 
  Puceron 
  vert 
  du 
  Pgcher. 
  [The 
  green 
  aphis 
  of 
  

   the 
  peach.]— 
  Pro^res 
  Agric. 
  Vitic., 
  Montpellier, 
  xxxi, 
  no. 
  10, 
  8th 
  

   March 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  314-316. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  possible 
  to 
  stay 
  infestation 
  by 
  removing 
  and 
  burning 
  the 
  first 
  

   shoots 
  attacked 
  by 
  this 
  pest, 
  which 
  otherwise 
  rapidly 
  covers 
  the 
  leaves 
  

   of 
  the 
  peach-tree 
  and 
  weakens 
  it. 
  To 
  do 
  this 
  requires 
  much 
  watchful- 
  

   ness 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  always 
  practicable. 
  Spraying 
  with 
  a 
  solution 
  con- 
  

   taining 
  1 
  to 
  IJ 
  parts 
  black 
  soap, 
  1 
  part 
  of 
  nicotin 
  extract 
  (containing 
  

   10 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  pure 
  nicotin) 
  and 
  100 
  parts 
  water, 
  all 
  by 
  weight, 
  is 
  

   evidently 
  efficacious, 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  leaves 
  left 
  untouched 
  by 
  the 
  spray 
  will 
  

   be 
  sufficient 
  to 
  cause 
  the 
  tree 
  to 
  be 
  re-infested 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  days. 
  M. 
  

   Chambaud 
  has 
  tried 
  another 
  method 
  on 
  his 
  20-acre 
  peach 
  plantation. 
  

   Using 
  the 
  fumigation 
  method 
  practised 
  in 
  California, 
  he 
  has 
  substituted 
  

   nicotin 
  for 
  hydrocyanic 
  acid. 
  Perfect 
  results 
  were 
  obtained 
  at 
  a 
  cost 
  

   of 
  l^d. 
  to 
  2d. 
  per 
  tree. 
  The 
  material 
  required 
  was 
  : 
  a 
  cover 
  measuring 
  

   .about 
  6^ 
  yards 
  by 
  9 
  yards, 
  capable 
  of 
  covering 
  trees 
  of 
  medium 
  size 
  ; 
  

  

  