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  Coptoterjnes 
  gesiroi 
  is 
  described 
  by 
  Escherich 
  as 
  injuring 
  Hevea 
  

   in 
  Malacca 
  by 
  tunnelling 
  internally 
  in 
  such 
  a 
  manner 
  that 
  no 
  

   sign 
  of 
  damage 
  is 
  apparent, 
  the 
  latex-producing 
  layers 
  being 
  untouched. 
  

   In 
  time, 
  however, 
  the 
  roots 
  are 
  destroyed 
  to 
  such 
  an 
  extent 
  that 
  

   a 
  gust 
  of 
  wind 
  may 
  blow 
  the 
  tree 
  down. 
  

  

  Kicksia 
  (Funtiwiia) 
  elastica. 
  Apate 
  monachus, 
  F., 
  has 
  been 
  observed 
  

   on 
  Kicksia. 
  These 
  trees 
  when 
  planted 
  among 
  Castilloa 
  elastica 
  badly 
  

   injured 
  by 
  Inesida 
  leprosa 
  showed 
  similar 
  signs 
  of 
  injury, 
  although 
  

   there 
  is 
  no 
  direct 
  proof 
  that 
  the 
  beetle 
  was 
  the 
  cause 
  of 
  it. 
  Inesida 
  

   obscura, 
  Fab., 
  is 
  also 
  thought 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  pest, 
  and 
  Monohammus 
  

   ruspator, 
  Fab., 
  is 
  stated 
  by 
  von 
  Faber 
  to 
  bore 
  galleries 
  in 
  the 
  

   older 
  branches 
  and 
  the 
  trunk. 
  In 
  Kamerun, 
  Vosseler 
  observed 
  Phry- 
  

   stola 
  hecphora, 
  Thorns., 
  injuring 
  Kicksia. 
  The 
  larvae 
  of 
  this 
  beetle 
  

   bore 
  between 
  the 
  bark 
  and 
  the 
  wood, 
  while 
  those 
  of 
  Phrystola 
  assimilis, 
  

   Kolbe, 
  mine 
  the 
  young 
  branches 
  and 
  the 
  adult 
  beetles 
  gnaw 
  the 
  bark. 
  

   Kicksia 
  is 
  also 
  attacked 
  by 
  Phrystola 
  coeca, 
  Chevr., 
  and 
  is 
  injured 
  both 
  

   by 
  the 
  larvae 
  and, 
  to 
  a 
  greater 
  degree, 
  by 
  the 
  beetles, 
  which 
  ring 
  the 
  

   bark 
  in 
  the 
  rainy 
  season. 
  As 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  are 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  

   dry 
  season 
  oviposition 
  probably 
  occurs 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  rains. 
  Kicksia 
  

   in 
  Kamerun 
  has 
  suffered 
  badly 
  from 
  this 
  pest. 
  The 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  

   Elaterid, 
  Tetralobus 
  flabellicornis, 
  L., 
  were 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  roots 
  oi 
  Kicksia. 
  

   The 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  the 
  Pyralid, 
  Glyphodes 
  ocellata, 
  Hmps., 
  feed 
  on 
  its 
  

   leaves 
  and 
  may 
  kill 
  a 
  young 
  plant 
  if 
  present 
  in 
  numbers. 
  Preuss 
  

   states 
  that 
  plants 
  18 
  months 
  old 
  may 
  be 
  considered 
  to 
  be 
  out 
  of 
  

   danger. 
  A 
  peculiar 
  disease 
  of 
  Kicksia 
  has 
  been 
  observed 
  in 
  Kamerun 
  

   which 
  the 
  author 
  says 
  may 
  be 
  called 
  " 
  Spitzendurre 
  " 
  (dryness 
  of 
  

   the 
  tips), 
  and 
  as 
  no 
  fungoid 
  pests 
  were 
  noticed, 
  it 
  is 
  thought 
  that 
  the 
  

   injury 
  was 
  due 
  to 
  Psyllidae 
  sucking 
  the 
  leaves. 
  

  

  Manihot 
  glaziovii. 
  This 
  species 
  is 
  attacked 
  by 
  Mallodon 
  downesi, 
  

   Hope, 
  in 
  German 
  East 
  Africa. 
  This 
  Longicorn 
  lays 
  its 
  eggs 
  in 
  injured 
  

   places 
  and 
  the 
  larvae 
  proceed 
  to 
  bore 
  into 
  the 
  affected 
  wood, 
  thus 
  

   speedily 
  causing 
  the 
  fall 
  of 
  the 
  tree. 
  Other 
  pests 
  found 
  in 
  German 
  

   East 
  Africa 
  are 
  Laemophloeus 
  pusillus, 
  Schonh., 
  and 
  Xyleborus 
  

   affinis, 
  already 
  discussed 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  Castilloa 
  and 
  Hevea. 
  

   In 
  the 
  Belgian 
  Congo, 
  Ceara 
  rubber 
  is 
  attacked 
  by 
  Xyleborus 
  

   confusus, 
  Eichh. 
  The 
  leaves 
  are 
  often 
  seriously 
  injured 
  by 
  the 
  

   weevil, 
  Dicasticiis 
  gerstaeckeri, 
  Fst., 
  in 
  German 
  East 
  Africa. 
  Lagria 
  

   villosa, 
  Fab., 
  both 
  adults 
  and 
  larvae, 
  also 
  destroy 
  the 
  leaves, 
  especially 
  

   those 
  of 
  young 
  trees. 
  The 
  Chrysomelid 
  ErytJirobata 
  punctipennis, 
  

   Wse., 
  also 
  eats 
  the 
  leaves. 
  Cryptocephalus 
  callias, 
  Suffr., 
  Rhembastus 
  

   varipes, 
  Wse., 
  Oides 
  collaris, 
  Baly, 
  and 
  Ceralces 
  ferrugineus, 
  Gerst., 
  

   only 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  minor 
  pests 
  of 
  Manihot, 
  on 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  which 
  they 
  

   have 
  been 
  observed 
  to 
  feed. 
  In 
  German 
  East 
  Africa 
  damage 
  was 
  also 
  

   done 
  by 
  what 
  was 
  thought 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  Dipterous 
  larva, 
  as 
  according 
  to 
  

   Morstatt 
  a 
  flow 
  of 
  rubber 
  from 
  the 
  bark 
  indicates 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  foot- 
  

   less 
  maggots 
  — 
  green-white 
  in 
  colour, 
  and 
  usually 
  in 
  some 
  numbers 
  

   together 
  — 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  ten 
  being 
  found 
  in 
  one 
  spot. 
  Old 
  trees 
  are 
  

   chiefly 
  attacked 
  and 
  infestation 
  is 
  irregular 
  in 
  one 
  and 
  the 
  same 
  

   plantation. 
  Among 
  crickets, 
  Brachytrypes 
  membra 
  naceiis, 
  Drury, 
  is 
  a 
  

   pest 
  of 
  very 
  minor 
  importance. 
  Ceara 
  seedlings 
  are 
  injured 
  just 
  above 
  

   the 
  roots 
  by 
  Gryllus 
  conspersus, 
  Schaum, 
  and 
  Scapsipediis 
  inarginatus, 
  

   Afz. 
  Aspidiotus 
  destructor, 
  Sign., 
  and 
  Perissopneumon 
  (Stigniacoccus) 
  

  

  