﻿442 
  

  

  larvae 
  suffered 
  from 
  parasites. 
  Psylla 
  mali 
  and 
  P. 
  pyricola 
  are 
  a 
  

   serious 
  scourge 
  in 
  some 
  parts 
  and 
  increase 
  from 
  year 
  to 
  year. 
  Aphis 
  

   mali 
  and 
  other 
  species 
  of 
  plant 
  lice 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  expected. 
  

  

  As 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  appearance 
  of 
  Euproctis 
  chrysorrhoea, 
  Lymantria 
  dispar 
  

   and 
  Malacosoma 
  neustria 
  had 
  passed, 
  no 
  outbreaks 
  of 
  these 
  pests 
  were 
  

   expected 
  in 
  the 
  near 
  future 
  ; 
  various 
  parasites 
  play 
  a 
  prominent 
  part 
  

   in 
  checking 
  the 
  spread 
  of 
  them. 
  The 
  larvae 
  of 
  Melolontha 
  melolontha 
  

   and 
  Melolontha 
  hippocastani 
  have 
  done 
  increased 
  damage, 
  especially 
  

   in 
  the 
  central 
  and 
  eastern 
  districts 
  of 
  the 
  government. 
  The 
  sawflies, 
  

   Eriocampoides 
  limacina, 
  Eetz., 
  {Eriocampa 
  adumbrata, 
  Klug), 
  Ardis 
  

   (Selandria) 
  bipunctata, 
  Klug, 
  Pteronus 
  (Nematus) 
  salicis, 
  and 
  Pteronus 
  

   ribesii, 
  Sep., 
  (Nematus 
  ventricosus) 
  and 
  the 
  mite 
  Eriophyes 
  {Phytoptus) 
  

   pyri, 
  Pgst., 
  may 
  also 
  appear 
  in 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  large 
  numbers 
  in 
  various 
  

   parts 
  of 
  the 
  government. 
  

  

  As 
  to 
  pests 
  of 
  market-gardens, 
  attention 
  is 
  called 
  to 
  Gryllotalpa 
  

   gfyllotalpa, 
  Chortophila 
  brassicae, 
  Bouch., 
  Hylemyia 
  antiqua, 
  Meig., 
  

   Pieris 
  rapae, 
  L., 
  and 
  Barathra 
  (Mamestra) 
  brassicae, 
  L. 
  All 
  these 
  did 
  

   considerable 
  damage 
  in 
  various 
  localities 
  last 
  year, 
  where 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  

   expected 
  again 
  ; 
  Chortophila 
  brassicae 
  has 
  from 
  3 
  to 
  5 
  generations 
  

   in 
  the 
  government, 
  while 
  Hylemyia 
  antiqua 
  has 
  from 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  generations, 
  

   so 
  that 
  serious 
  trouble 
  may 
  be 
  expected 
  in 
  districts 
  where 
  they 
  appeared 
  

   last 
  year. 
  

  

  Field 
  crops 
  must 
  be 
  protected 
  against 
  Trachea 
  (Hadena) 
  basilinea, 
  

   Pyrausta 
  nubilalis 
  (Botys 
  silacealis) 
  and 
  Barathra 
  brassicae, 
  which 
  

   did 
  considerable 
  damage 
  to 
  beet 
  last 
  year, 
  only 
  a 
  small 
  number 
  of 
  

   the 
  caterpillars 
  and 
  pupae 
  having 
  perished 
  from 
  fungus 
  disease 
  and 
  

   parasites, 
  and 
  also 
  against 
  Phlyctaenodes 
  (Eurycreon) 
  sticticalis, 
  L. 
  

   The 
  author 
  refers 
  to 
  the 
  " 
  diapuse 
  " 
  [see 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A, 
  i, 
  pp. 
  

   495 
  and 
  497] 
  observed 
  last 
  year 
  occurring 
  in 
  the 
  last-named 
  pest 
  

   and 
  to 
  the 
  beneficial 
  results 
  which 
  this 
  had 
  on 
  beet 
  plantations, 
  which 
  

   were 
  able 
  to 
  recover 
  from 
  the 
  damage 
  done 
  by 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  the 
  

   first 
  generation. 
  The 
  ''diapuse" 
  last 
  year 
  affected 
  partly 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  

   of 
  the 
  first 
  generation, 
  about 
  5-8 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  which 
  remained 
  in 
  the 
  

   cocoons 
  without 
  pupating, 
  and 
  the 
  moths 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  generation, 
  

   which 
  remained 
  infertile 
  ; 
  the 
  author 
  therefore 
  thought 
  that 
  no 
  large 
  

   numbers 
  of 
  this 
  pest 
  were 
  to 
  be 
  expected 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  of 
  this 
  year. 
  

  

  AvERiN 
  (V. 
  G.). 
  Tenymifl 
  pa60Tbl 
  BTj 
  (|)eBpan"b. 
  [The 
  current 
  opera- 
  

   tions 
  in 
  February.] 
  pp. 
  6-8. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  recommends 
  destroying 
  in 
  orchards 
  the 
  winter 
  nests 
  of 
  

   Aporia 
  crataegi 
  and 
  Euproctis 
  chrysorrhoea 
  and 
  the 
  egg-masses 
  of 
  

   Lymantfia 
  dispar 
  and 
  Malacosoma 
  neustria. 
  He 
  figures 
  the 
  nests 
  of 
  

   both 
  the 
  former 
  and 
  the 
  eggs 
  of 
  both 
  the 
  latter 
  pests. 
  

  

  Ejaboy 
  (D. 
  D.). 
  Co6MpaMTe 
  ryceHMMHbifl 
  rntsfla. 
  [Collect 
  the 
  nests 
  

   of 
  caterpillars.] 
  pp. 
  8-10. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  well 
  written 
  appeal 
  to 
  fruit-growers 
  to 
  destroy 
  the 
  winter 
  

   nests 
  of 
  Aporia 
  crataegi 
  and 
  Euproctis 
  chrysorrhoea 
  ; 
  the 
  author 
  

   illustrates 
  from 
  his 
  observations 
  the 
  damage 
  done 
  by 
  the 
  pests 
  and 
  

   mentions 
  that 
  one 
  orchard 
  of 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  IJ 
  acres, 
  which 
  gave 
  in 
  1912 
  

   a 
  yield 
  worth 
  £50-£55, 
  was 
  in 
  1913 
  rendered 
  leafless 
  by 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  

   of 
  these 
  pests. 
  

  

  