﻿449 
  . 
  

  

  branches 
  and 
  setting 
  shelter 
  traps 
  are 
  recommended. 
  The 
  collection 
  

   of 
  the 
  imagines 
  is 
  useful 
  if 
  carried 
  out 
  in 
  spring 
  before 
  the 
  apple- 
  

   blossoms 
  appear 
  ; 
  the 
  insects 
  should 
  be 
  shaken 
  down 
  on 
  to 
  a 
  sheet. 
  

   Damaged 
  brown 
  buds 
  may 
  be 
  collected 
  and 
  placed 
  in 
  a 
  wide-mouthed 
  

   jar 
  covered 
  with 
  fine 
  wire-gauze 
  which 
  will 
  retain 
  the 
  weevils, 
  but 
  

   allow 
  the 
  escape 
  of 
  small 
  hymenopterous 
  parasites. 
  Anthonomus 
  

   pyri, 
  Boh., 
  is 
  a 
  nearly 
  allied 
  species, 
  but 
  has 
  a 
  different 
  life-history. 
  

   The 
  eggs 
  are 
  laid 
  in 
  the 
  young 
  leaf 
  buds 
  in 
  autumn 
  and 
  the 
  larvae 
  are 
  

   full-gro'VNTi 
  in 
  May, 
  by 
  which 
  time 
  they 
  have 
  hollowed 
  out 
  the 
  buds. 
  

   Infested 
  shoots 
  should 
  be 
  collected 
  and 
  burnt 
  before 
  the 
  weevils 
  

   appear, 
  about 
  mid- 
  April. 
  Rhynchites 
  coeruleus, 
  DeG., 
  is 
  a 
  small 
  weevil, 
  

   the 
  female 
  of 
  which 
  lays 
  an 
  egg 
  in 
  a 
  young 
  shoot 
  and 
  then 
  cuts 
  this 
  

   until 
  it 
  sinks 
  down 
  by 
  its 
  own 
  weight, 
  being 
  only 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  branch 
  

   by 
  a 
  few 
  fibres. 
  A 
  further 
  2 
  to 
  5 
  eggs 
  are 
  then 
  laid 
  in 
  the 
  hanging 
  

   fragment. 
  From 
  this 
  habit 
  it 
  has 
  acquired 
  the 
  name 
  " 
  coupe-bourgeon.''' 
  

   The 
  larva 
  hatches 
  in 
  8 
  days 
  and 
  feeds 
  on 
  the 
  pith 
  of 
  the 
  withering 
  

   shoot, 
  being 
  full-grown 
  in 
  a 
  month. 
  It 
  pupates 
  in 
  the 
  ground 
  and 
  

   the 
  imago 
  appears 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  spring. 
  All 
  the 
  pieces 
  which 
  have 
  

   been 
  detached 
  should 
  be 
  collected 
  and 
  burned, 
  but 
  the 
  gathering 
  of 
  the 
  

   imagines 
  by 
  shaking 
  the 
  trees 
  is 
  preferable. 
  The 
  same 
  methods 
  are 
  

   equally 
  applicable 
  to 
  Rhynchites 
  bacchus, 
  L., 
  injurious 
  to 
  the 
  pear, 
  apple 
  

   and 
  apricot, 
  the 
  imago 
  of 
  which 
  sucks 
  the 
  juices 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  shoots. 
  

   The 
  eggs 
  are 
  laid 
  in 
  May, 
  or 
  more 
  usually 
  in 
  June, 
  singly 
  or 
  in 
  pairs, 
  

   in 
  the 
  pulp 
  of 
  the 
  fruit. 
  The 
  larva 
  passes 
  its 
  3 
  or 
  4 
  weeks 
  of 
  life 
  inside 
  

   the 
  fruit, 
  causing 
  it 
  to 
  fall. 
  Pupation 
  takes 
  place 
  in 
  the 
  ground, 
  the 
  

   imago 
  appearing 
  either 
  in 
  autumn 
  or 
  spring. 
  Damage 
  by 
  this 
  species 
  

   is 
  especially 
  to 
  be 
  feared 
  in 
  dry 
  years 
  and 
  Yalery 
  Mayet 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  

   apple 
  is 
  not 
  cultivated 
  in 
  the 
  Bas-Languedoc 
  outside 
  the 
  irrigated 
  

   districts, 
  because 
  three-quarters 
  of 
  the 
  fruit 
  is 
  destroyed 
  by 
  this 
  

   insect. 
  Weevils 
  of 
  the 
  genera 
  Phyllobius 
  and 
  Polydrosus, 
  appear 
  in 
  

   spring 
  and 
  attack 
  the 
  young 
  leaves 
  and 
  shoots. 
  Those 
  most 
  to 
  be 
  

   feared 
  as 
  adults 
  are 
  PhyUobius 
  oblongus, 
  L., 
  P. 
  betulae, 
  F., 
  and 
  P. 
  pyri, 
  L. 
  

   Their 
  larvae 
  live 
  in 
  the 
  ground 
  and 
  are 
  apparently 
  innocuous. 
  Shaking 
  

   may 
  be 
  useful, 
  and 
  the 
  application 
  of 
  lead 
  arsenate 
  advisable, 
  though 
  

   caution 
  must 
  be 
  observed 
  not 
  to 
  injure 
  the 
  young 
  growing 
  tissues. 
  

   Other 
  CuRCULiONiDAE 
  injuring 
  fruit 
  trees 
  pass 
  their 
  first 
  stages 
  in 
  the 
  

   ground 
  like 
  Phyllobius, 
  but 
  are 
  apterous 
  in 
  the 
  adult 
  state 
  and 
  must, 
  

   therefore, 
  climb 
  the 
  trees 
  in 
  spring 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  feed, 
  the 
  most 
  dangerous 
  

   species 
  being 
  Otiorrhynchus 
  raucus, 
  F., 
  0. 
  singularis, 
  L., 
  0. 
  sulcatus, 
  F., 
  

   0. 
  clavipes, 
  Bons., 
  Peritelus 
  sphaeroidesfieim.. 
  , 
  and 
  Cneorrhinus 
  plagiatus, 
  

   Schall. 
  These 
  are 
  nocturnal 
  in 
  habit 
  and 
  when 
  present 
  in 
  numbers 
  do 
  

   serious 
  damage. 
  In 
  1904 
  and 
  1905, 
  nurseries 
  in 
  Vitry-sur-Seine 
  

   suffered 
  severely 
  from 
  the 
  ravages 
  of 
  0. 
  clavipes, 
  which 
  up 
  to 
  then 
  was 
  

   unknown 
  near 
  Paris. 
  Collection 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  the 
  Haltica 
  funnel 
  is 
  

   recommended 
  and 
  the 
  trees 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  visited 
  by 
  night 
  and 
  the 
  weevils 
  

   collected 
  with 
  the 
  aid 
  of 
  a 
  lantern. 
  Sticky 
  bands 
  are 
  useful, 
  spread 
  on 
  

   thick 
  paper 
  tied 
  round 
  the 
  trunk. 
  

  

  GuENAUX 
  (G.). 
  Les 
  Animaux 
  et 
  les 
  V6g6taux 
  nuisibles 
  a 
  I'Agriculture. 
  

  

  [Animal 
  and 
  vegetable 
  organisms 
  harmful 
  to 
  agriculture.] 
  — 
  La 
  

   Vie 
  Agric. 
  et 
  Rur., 
  Paris, 
  iii, 
  no. 
  14, 
  7th 
  March 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  365-372. 
  

  

  A 
  general 
  and 
  popular 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  insects, 
  birds, 
  fungi 
  and 
  

  

  