﻿478 
  

  

  by 
  Aphis 
  papaveris, 
  F., 
  the 
  following 
  insecticide, 
  suggested 
  by 
  M. 
  

   Malaquin 
  [see 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A, 
  i, 
  p. 
  188] 
  and 
  tested 
  in 
  the 
  

   North 
  of 
  France, 
  is 
  mentioned 
  : 
  Black 
  soap 
  2 
  lb., 
  sodium 
  carbonate 
  

   2 
  lb., 
  petroleum 
  2| 
  to 
  3 
  J 
  pints, 
  water 
  20 
  gals. 
  The 
  soap 
  and 
  

   sodium 
  carbonate 
  are 
  dissolved 
  in 
  2 
  gals, 
  of 
  hot 
  water 
  and 
  the 
  

   petroleum 
  is 
  then 
  added 
  with 
  vigorous 
  stirring 
  for 
  about 
  15 
  minutes. 
  

   The 
  remaining 
  18 
  gals, 
  of 
  water 
  are 
  then 
  added 
  and 
  the 
  whole 
  

   thoroughly 
  stirred 
  again. 
  This 
  solution 
  is 
  sprayed 
  on 
  the 
  plants 
  

   so 
  as 
  to 
  reach 
  the 
  underside 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  possible. 
  

   A. 
  papaveris, 
  F., 
  is 
  markedly 
  polyphagous. 
  It 
  deposits 
  its 
  eggs 
  on 
  

   Enonymus, 
  and 
  if 
  plantations 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  near 
  the 
  beet 
  fields 
  

   they 
  should 
  be 
  destroyed, 
  or 
  if 
  this 
  be 
  impossible, 
  thorough 
  pruning, 
  

   followed 
  by 
  the 
  burning 
  of 
  the 
  debris, 
  will 
  ensure 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  

   many 
  eggs. 
  Should 
  these 
  measures 
  be 
  impracticable, 
  the 
  trees 
  should 
  

   be 
  sprayed 
  with 
  the 
  following 
  petroleum-soap 
  emulsion 
  : 
  petroleum 
  

   Z\ 
  pints, 
  water 
  1| 
  pint, 
  soap 
  6 
  oz. 
  This 
  must 
  be 
  prepared 
  as 
  usual 
  and 
  

   diluted 
  for 
  use 
  with 
  7 
  to 
  8 
  times 
  its 
  bulk 
  of 
  rain-water. 
  

  

  Lesne 
  (P.). 
  Insectes 
  nuisibles 
  aux 
  arbres 
  fruitiers. 
  Les 
  tenthredes 
  et 
  

   leur 
  destruction. 
  [Insect 
  pests 
  of 
  fruit 
  trees. 
  Sawflies 
  and 
  

   their 
  destruction.] 
  — 
  Jl. 
  d^Agric. 
  pratique, 
  Paris, 
  xxvii, 
  no 
  12, 
  

   19th 
  March 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  376-377. 
  

  

  The 
  larvae 
  of 
  Eriocampa 
  limacina, 
  Retz., 
  are 
  the 
  best 
  known 
  of 
  the 
  

   many 
  larvae 
  of 
  Tenthredinidae 
  feeding 
  on 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  fruit 
  trees, 
  

   and 
  are 
  called 
  slug-larvae, 
  because 
  of 
  the 
  viscous 
  appearance 
  of 
  their 
  

   bodies. 
  In 
  summer, 
  and 
  especially 
  in 
  September 
  and 
  October, 
  they 
  

   are 
  found 
  on 
  many 
  fruit 
  trees, 
  chiefly 
  on 
  the 
  pear 
  and 
  cherry. 
  They 
  

   are 
  usually 
  seen 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  which 
  they 
  skele- 
  

   tonize, 
  and 
  if 
  present 
  in 
  numbers 
  on 
  the 
  pear, 
  may 
  affect 
  the 
  ripening 
  

   of 
  the 
  fruit. 
  

  

  In 
  October 
  they 
  enter 
  the 
  ground, 
  where 
  they 
  pass 
  the 
  winter 
  and 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  spring 
  in 
  a 
  cocoon, 
  pupating 
  the 
  following 
  summer. 
  The 
  

   female 
  oviposits 
  on 
  the 
  underside 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  and 
  sprinkling 
  the 
  

   leaves 
  with 
  freshly 
  slaked 
  lime 
  is 
  generally 
  advised. 
  In 
  the 
  morning, 
  

   while 
  still 
  inert, 
  the 
  adults 
  may 
  be 
  shaken 
  down 
  into 
  a 
  Haltica 
  funnel 
  

   to 
  the 
  nozzle 
  of 
  Avhich 
  a 
  bottle 
  containing 
  some 
  petroleum 
  is 
  fitted. 
  

   Once 
  the 
  fruit 
  has 
  been 
  picked, 
  arsenicals 
  may 
  be 
  used 
  on 
  cherry-trees 
  

   provided 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  in 
  a 
  vegetable 
  garden. 
  Lyda 
  flaviventris, 
  

   Retz., 
  has 
  very 
  different 
  habits. 
  Its 
  larvae 
  live 
  in 
  families 
  in 
  loosely 
  

   woven 
  silken 
  nests 
  oh 
  the 
  branches 
  of 
  the 
  apple, 
  pear, 
  etc. 
  These 
  

   nests 
  occur 
  in 
  June 
  and 
  July, 
  and 
  extend 
  along 
  the 
  branches 
  as 
  the 
  

   leaves 
  they 
  enclose 
  are 
  consumed. 
  The 
  larvae 
  enter 
  the 
  ground 
  

   in 
  August 
  and 
  the 
  adults 
  appear 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  May 
  or 
  June. 
  

   Petroleum-soap 
  emulsions 
  are 
  an 
  efficient 
  control. 
  Any 
  of 
  the 
  

   usual 
  formulae 
  may 
  be 
  used 
  or 
  one 
  may 
  be 
  made 
  up 
  of 
  : 
  Petroleum 
  

   II 
  J 
  pints, 
  soap 
  9 
  oz., 
  rain-water 
  7 
  pints; 
  the 
  water 
  is 
  brought 
  

   to 
  boiling 
  point 
  and 
  the 
  soap 
  dissolved 
  in 
  it 
  ; 
  the 
  mixture 
  is 
  then 
  

   removed 
  from 
  the 
  fire 
  and 
  poured 
  into 
  the 
  petroleum 
  and 
  stirred 
  until 
  

   a 
  creamy 
  liquid 
  results. 
  For 
  use 
  this 
  solution 
  is 
  diluted 
  with 
  15 
  times 
  

   its 
  bulk 
  of 
  water. 
  A 
  test 
  should 
  always 
  be 
  made 
  to 
  see 
  that 
  the 
  spray 
  

   does 
  not 
  injure 
  the 
  foliage. 
  > 
  

  

  