﻿492 
  

  

  infested 
  by 
  Schizoneura 
  americana. 
  The 
  Mediterranean 
  flour 
  moth 
  

   (Ephestia 
  kuehniella) 
  continued 
  to 
  be 
  troublesome 
  in 
  stored 
  meal. 
  i 
  

  

  Caesar 
  (L.). 
  Insects 
  of 
  the 
  Season 
  in 
  Ontario. 
  — 
  Ann. 
  Rep. 
  Entom. 
  

   Soc. 
  Ontario 
  1913, 
  Toronto, 
  xliv, 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  49-53. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  list 
  is 
  given 
  of 
  insects 
  which 
  have 
  damaged 
  cultivated 
  

   plants 
  in 
  Ontario 
  in 
  the 
  year 
  1913 
  : 
  — 
  Orchard 
  insects 
  : 
  codhng 
  

   moth 
  (Cydia 
  pomonella) 
  on 
  apples 
  ; 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  {Aspidiotus 
  

   pernicosus) 
  ; 
  plum 
  curculio 
  {Conotrachelus 
  tienuphar) 
  abundant, 
  

   in 
  places, 
  though 
  not 
  so 
  prevalent 
  as 
  usual 
  ; 
  the 
  pear 
  psylla 
  (Psylla 
  

   pyricola) 
  was 
  less 
  numerous 
  than 
  usual 
  ; 
  peach 
  tree 
  borers 
  {Aegeria 
  

   pictipes 
  and 
  Sanninoidea 
  exitiosa). 
  On 
  bush 
  fruits 
  the 
  currant 
  

   borer 
  [Aegeria 
  tipuliformis) 
  was 
  very 
  abundant, 
  also 
  red 
  spider 
  

   (Tetranyclius 
  bimacidatus) 
  ; 
  the 
  raspberry 
  root 
  - 
  borer 
  [Bembecia 
  

   marginata) 
  severely 
  attacked 
  older 
  canes. 
  On 
  vegetables 
  and 
  field 
  

   crops 
  : 
  the 
  pea 
  aphis 
  {Macrosiphum 
  pisi) 
  w^as 
  not 
  very 
  abundant 
  ; 
  

   cabbage 
  aphis 
  [Aphis 
  brassicae) 
  ; 
  onion 
  maggot, 
  Hylemyia 
  antiqua 
  

   [Pegoynyia 
  ceparum), 
  badly 
  infested 
  many 
  crops 
  ; 
  asparagus 
  beetles 
  

   [Crioceris 
  asparagi 
  and 
  C. 
  12-punctata) 
  widely 
  spread, 
  and 
  in 
  increasing 
  

   numbers 
  ; 
  Hessian 
  fly 
  [Mayetiola 
  destructor) 
  caused 
  serious 
  damage 
  

   to 
  wheat. 
  Forest 
  and 
  shade 
  trees 
  : 
  Spruce 
  gall-lice 
  [Chermes 
  

   similis 
  and 
  C. 
  abietis) 
  were 
  unusually 
  scarce 
  ; 
  European 
  fruit 
  

   Lecanium 
  [Eulecanimn 
  corni) 
  was 
  very 
  abundant 
  on 
  elms 
  in 
  the 
  

   Niagara 
  district 
  ; 
  Terrapin 
  scale 
  [Eidecanium 
  nigrofasciatiim) 
  was 
  

   abundant 
  on 
  maple, 
  but 
  heavily 
  parasitised 
  ; 
  English 
  walnut 
  scale 
  

   (Aspidiotus 
  juglans-regiae) 
  was 
  common, 
  but 
  under 
  control, 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  

   much 
  parasitised. 
  

  

  MacGillivray 
  (A. 
  D.). 
  The 
  Immature 
  Stages 
  of 
  the 
  Tenthredinoidea. 
  

  

  — 
  Ann. 
  Rep. 
  Entom. 
  Soc. 
  Ontario, 
  1913, 
  Toronto, 
  xHv, 
  1914. 
  

   pp. 
  54-75, 
  1 
  pi. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Tenthredinoidea 
  many 
  phylogenetic 
  relationships 
  may 
  be 
  

   discovered 
  by 
  a 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  immature 
  stages 
  ; 
  the 
  anatomy, 
  colour- 
  

   ation, 
  habits, 
  and 
  metamorphosis 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  many 
  members 
  of 
  

   this 
  family, 
  so 
  important 
  from 
  an 
  economic 
  point 
  of 
  view, 
  are 
  described. 
  

  

  Darnell-Smith 
  (G. 
  P.). 
  Wheat 
  Straw 
  breaking 
  down 
  through 
  

   " 
  Contortion 
  " 
  or 
  through 
  the 
  attack 
  of 
  Insects. 
  — 
  Agric. 
  Gaz. 
  

   N.S.W., 
  Sydney, 
  xxv, 
  pt. 
  5, 
  May 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  377-378, 
  1 
  fig. 
  

  

  Cases 
  of 
  buckled 
  or 
  twisted 
  straw, 
  which 
  eventually 
  breaks 
  at 
  the 
  

   weak 
  point 
  in 
  the 
  wind, 
  are 
  usually 
  due 
  to 
  disproportionate 
  growth 
  

   or 
  to 
  the 
  attacks 
  of 
  insects. 
  Wheat 
  affected 
  in 
  this 
  way 
  was 
  reported 
  

   in 
  1900 
  from 
  Carrathool 
  and 
  Deniliquin 
  and 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  attacked 
  by 
  

   Aphididae 
  ; 
  these 
  insects 
  infested 
  the 
  wheat-stalk 
  when 
  about 
  6 
  inches 
  

   high, 
  sheltered 
  in 
  the 
  enveloping 
  flag 
  and, 
  by 
  sucking 
  the 
  sap 
  on 
  one 
  

   side, 
  caused 
  the 
  young 
  stem 
  to 
  bend 
  over 
  or 
  twist 
  almost 
  into 
  a 
  knot. 
  

   Straw 
  affected 
  in 
  1912-13 
  did 
  not 
  reveal 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  Aphids 
  nor 
  

   of 
  fungus 
  disease 
  ; 
  in 
  these 
  cases 
  the 
  damage 
  was 
  reported 
  as 
  due 
  to 
  

   " 
  contortion," 
  defined 
  as 
  an 
  irregular 
  twisting 
  or 
  bending 
  of 
  the 
  stem, 
  

   the 
  causes 
  being 
  often 
  some 
  restriction 
  to 
  growth. 
  Unfortunately 
  

   this 
  abnormal 
  growth, 
  whether 
  due 
  to 
  Aphids 
  or 
  to 
  contortion, 
  does 
  

   not 
  admit 
  of 
  remedial 
  measures. 
  

  

  