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  gallery 
  between 
  tlie 
  bast 
  and 
  the 
  wood 
  and 
  when 
  fully 
  grown 
  is 
  not 
  

   more 
  than 
  15 
  mm. 
  long. 
  The 
  pupal 
  stage 
  lasts 
  about 
  10 
  days 
  and 
  

   the 
  whole 
  life-cycle 
  about 
  40. 
  

  

  Other 
  Longicorn 
  Ficus 
  pests 
  include 
  Apriona 
  Jlavescens, 
  Kaup., 
  a 
  

   well-known 
  pest 
  of 
  Castilloa, 
  Diha7nmus 
  fistulator, 
  Germ., 
  Pelargoderus 
  

   bipunctatus, 
  Dalm., 
  better 
  laiown 
  as 
  a 
  cacao 
  pest, 
  Agelasta 
  sp., 
  

   Atmodes 
  irrorata, 
  ¥., 
  Gerania 
  bosci, 
  F., 
  and 
  two 
  species 
  of 
  Pothyne. 
  

  

  Amongst 
  the 
  Curculionidae, 
  Mecopiis 
  bispinosus, 
  Web., 
  which 
  

   mainly 
  attacks 
  dead 
  or 
  dying 
  branches, 
  is 
  also 
  mentioned. 
  

  

  A 
  table 
  of 
  food-plants, 
  other 
  than 
  Ficiis 
  elastica, 
  is 
  given 
  : 
  Albizzia 
  

   is 
  attacked 
  by 
  B. 
  hector 
  and 
  E. 
  meridianus 
  0. 
  bilobus 
  appears 
  to 
  con- 
  

   fine 
  itself 
  to 
  A. 
  blumei 
  ; 
  Artocarpus 
  integrifolia 
  (Jack 
  Fruit) 
  is 
  attacked 
  

   by 
  E. 
  meridianus, 
  E. 
  luscus 
  and 
  Aclees 
  birmanus 
  ; 
  Canarium 
  commune 
  is 
  

   attacked 
  by 
  Pelargoderus 
  bipunctatus 
  ; 
  Castilloa 
  elastica 
  by 
  B. 
  albo- 
  

   fasciata, 
  E. 
  luscus, 
  Agelasta 
  sp. 
  and 
  Neopharsalia 
  vagans; 
  coffee 
  and 
  

   Datura 
  by 
  Dihammus 
  fistulator. 
  Eriodendron 
  anfractuosum 
  (silk 
  cotton 
  

   tree) 
  by 
  B. 
  hector 
  ; 
  Erythrina 
  (dadap) 
  by 
  B. 
  albofasciata 
  and 
  B. 
  hector 
  ; 
  

   Ficus 
  hispida 
  by 
  B. 
  albofasciata, 
  E. 
  meridianus, 
  E. 
  luscus, 
  0. 
  bilobus 
  

   and 
  A. 
  birmanus 
  ; 
  Ficus 
  variegata 
  by 
  E. 
  meridianus 
  ; 
  Mangifera 
  indica 
  

   (mango 
  tree) 
  by 
  E. 
  meridianus, 
  E. 
  luscus 
  and 
  0. 
  bilobus 
  ; 
  Myristiea 
  

   fragrans 
  (nutmeg) 
  by 
  B. 
  hector 
  ; 
  Piper 
  nigrum 
  (black 
  pepper) 
  by 
  

   Pelargoderus 
  bipunctatus 
  ; 
  Ricinus 
  communis 
  (castor 
  oil 
  plant) 
  by 
  

   D. 
  fistulator', 
  Spondias 
  mangifera 
  (hog 
  plum) 
  by 
  B. 
  hector; 
  and 
  

   Theobroma 
  cacao 
  by 
  E. 
  meridianus, 
  E. 
  luscus, 
  Dihammus 
  fistulator, 
  

   Pelargoderus 
  bipunctatus 
  and 
  possibly 
  by 
  0. 
  bilobus. 
  

  

  Ficus 
  borers 
  have 
  few 
  enemies, 
  as 
  they 
  are 
  well 
  protected 
  in 
  their 
  

   burrows. 
  Woodpeckers 
  attack 
  the 
  larvae 
  and 
  crows 
  the 
  adults. 
  

   From 
  two 
  larvae 
  of 
  E. 
  meridianus 
  the 
  author 
  bred 
  specimens 
  

   of 
  a 
  predaceous 
  Colydiid 
  beetle, 
  apparently 
  Dastarcus 
  confinis, 
  

   Pasc. 
  

  

  Indirect 
  methods 
  are 
  probably 
  of 
  importance 
  in 
  control 
  measures, 
  

   including 
  careful 
  cultivation 
  and 
  the 
  keeping 
  clean 
  of 
  plantations. 
  The 
  

   larvae 
  may 
  be 
  cut 
  out 
  or 
  killed 
  with 
  a 
  steel 
  wire, 
  the 
  best 
  time 
  for 
  this 
  

   being 
  three 
  weeks 
  after 
  tapping 
  and 
  again 
  six 
  weeks 
  later 
  ; 
  if 
  delayed 
  

   longer 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  larvae 
  will 
  have 
  pupated. 
  

  

  Experiments 
  were 
  made 
  with 
  trap 
  logs 
  consisting 
  of 
  bundles 
  of 
  

   Albizzia 
  stipidata, 
  Ficus 
  hispida, 
  Artocarpus 
  integrifolia, 
  and 
  Ficus 
  

   elastica. 
  F. 
  hispida 
  yielded 
  96 
  E. 
  luscus, 
  58 
  E. 
  meridianus, 
  286 
  other 
  

   borers 
  and 
  2 
  A. 
  birmanus; 
  F. 
  elastica, 
  19 
  E. 
  luscus, 
  WE. 
  meridianus, 
  

   116 
  other 
  borers 
  ; 
  Artocarpus, 
  21 
  E. 
  luscus, 
  IQ 
  E. 
  meridianus, 
  96 
  other 
  

   borers 
  and 
  9 
  A. 
  birmanus 
  ; 
  and 
  Albizzia 
  only 
  6 
  borers 
  classed 
  as 
  " 
  other." 
  

   It 
  is 
  thus 
  evident 
  that 
  F. 
  hispida 
  is 
  the 
  best 
  trap 
  wood. 
  The 
  author 
  

   thinks 
  that 
  the 
  logs 
  used 
  were 
  not 
  thick 
  enough 
  to 
  tempt 
  Batocera 
  

   to 
  lay 
  its 
  eggs. 
  It 
  is 
  important 
  that 
  the 
  trap 
  logs 
  should 
  be 
  set 
  up 
  on 
  

   end 
  and 
  should 
  not 
  stand 
  longer 
  than 
  6 
  weeks, 
  or, 
  if 
  the 
  plantation 
  be 
  

   seriously 
  attacked 
  by 
  Aclees 
  birmanus 
  or 
  Mecopus 
  bispinosus, 
  destroyed 
  

   at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  a 
  month 
  ; 
  the 
  trap 
  logs 
  need 
  only 
  be 
  set 
  up 
  during 
  the 
  

   rainy 
  season. 
  Nearly 
  all 
  the 
  larvae 
  were 
  killed 
  when 
  the 
  logs 
  were 
  

   submerged 
  for 
  48 
  hours. 
  

  

  Catching 
  the 
  beetles 
  by 
  hand 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  so 
  successful 
  that 
  the 
  

   price 
  paid 
  to 
  the 
  natives 
  had 
  to 
  be 
  considerably 
  reduced 
  ; 
  this 
  should, 
  

   however, 
  only 
  be 
  undertaken 
  in 
  the 
  rainy 
  season 
  ; 
  experiments 
  made 
  

   ■^ith 
  hght 
  traps 
  proved 
  useless. 
  

  

  