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  expensive. 
  The 
  Montana 
  price 
  of 
  the 
  paste 
  is 
  from 
  6d. 
  to 
  l^d. 
  per 
  lb. 
  in 
  

   quantity 
  and 
  about 
  Is. 
  0|S. 
  per 
  lb. 
  in 
  5 
  lb. 
  lots. 
  Dry 
  arsenate 
  costs 
  

   about 
  Is. 
  O^d. 
  in 
  quantity 
  and 
  Is. 
  o^d. 
  in 
  5 
  lb. 
  lots. 
  

  

  Arsenite 
  of 
  zinc. 
  The 
  manufacturers 
  claim 
  that 
  this 
  product 
  is 
  an 
  

   " 
  ortho 
  " 
  arsenite 
  of 
  zinc 
  containing 
  at 
  least 
  40 
  per 
  cent, 
  arsenious 
  

   oxide, 
  of 
  which 
  less 
  than 
  1 
  per 
  cent, 
  is 
  soluble 
  in 
  water. 
  It 
  is 
  thus 
  

   almost 
  as 
  high 
  as 
  Paris 
  green 
  in 
  arsenic 
  content 
  and 
  as 
  low 
  as 
  arsenate 
  

   of 
  lead 
  in 
  water-soluble 
  arsenic. 
  The 
  manufacturers 
  recommend 
  the 
  

   use 
  of 
  12 
  oz. 
  to 
  50 
  gals, 
  of 
  water 
  ; 
  and 
  this 
  proportion 
  for 
  codling 
  

   moth, 
  and 
  1 
  lb. 
  in 
  50 
  gals, 
  for 
  potato 
  beetles 
  and 
  cabbage 
  worms, 
  has 
  

   given 
  good 
  results 
  in 
  Montana. 
  Unfortunately, 
  though 
  a 
  good 
  in- 
  

   secticide, 
  it 
  cannot 
  be 
  used 
  on 
  the 
  fohage 
  of 
  peach 
  or 
  other 
  stone 
  fruits 
  

   without 
  injury, 
  neither 
  can 
  it 
  be 
  used 
  in 
  combination 
  with 
  Bordeaux 
  

   mixture. 
  The 
  worst 
  fohage 
  injury 
  appears 
  to 
  occur 
  when 
  it 
  is 
  used 
  

   late 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  or 
  in 
  combination 
  with 
  other 
  sprays. 
  The 
  authors 
  

   state 
  that 
  they 
  cannot 
  unreservedly 
  recommend 
  this 
  insecticide 
  as 
  a 
  

   spray 
  for 
  the 
  apple 
  orchard. 
  One 
  apphcation 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  season, 
  as 
  

   for 
  example 
  the 
  first 
  spray 
  for 
  codhng 
  moth, 
  is 
  apparently 
  safe, 
  but 
  

   there 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  an 
  accumulative 
  effect 
  that 
  makes 
  later 
  applications 
  

   dangerous. 
  Volck 
  has 
  suggested 
  the 
  addition 
  of 
  an 
  equal 
  weight 
  of 
  

   commercial 
  iron 
  sulphide 
  to 
  prevent 
  foliage 
  injury, 
  and 
  he 
  states 
  that 
  

   when 
  iron 
  sulphide 
  is 
  added 
  the 
  insecticide 
  may 
  be 
  combined 
  with 
  

   " 
  Black 
  Leaf 
  40." 
  The 
  cost 
  is 
  about 
  10^. 
  per 
  lb. 
  for 
  40 
  lb. 
  lots. 
  

  

  Hellebore 
  (the 
  powdered 
  root 
  stock 
  of 
  the 
  plant, 
  Yeratrum 
  album) 
  is 
  

   generally 
  sold 
  as 
  a 
  remedy 
  for 
  the 
  rose 
  slug 
  and 
  currant 
  worm. 
  As 
  

   the 
  powdered 
  root 
  deteriorates 
  very 
  rapidly 
  when 
  exposed 
  to 
  the 
  air, 
  

   much 
  of 
  it, 
  as 
  sold, 
  is 
  practically 
  worthless, 
  and 
  its 
  high 
  cost 
  as 
  an 
  

   insecticide, 
  Is. 
  bhd. 
  per 
  lb., 
  is 
  against 
  its 
  use, 
  especially 
  as 
  thorough 
  

   spraying 
  with 
  arsenate 
  of 
  lead 
  after 
  the 
  leaves 
  expand 
  will 
  give 
  better 
  

   protection 
  at 
  less 
  cost. 
  

  

  In 
  deahng 
  with 
  contact 
  insecticides, 
  the 
  authors 
  enter 
  fully 
  into 
  the 
  

   preparation 
  of 
  lime-sulphur 
  and 
  lay 
  stress 
  upon 
  the 
  well 
  known 
  fact 
  

   that 
  hme 
  from 
  magnesian 
  limestone 
  is 
  useless 
  for 
  the 
  preparation, 
  

   as 
  the 
  magnesium 
  oxide 
  breaks 
  down 
  the 
  sulphur 
  compounds 
  

   which 
  constitute 
  the 
  effective 
  agents 
  in 
  the 
  spi'ay. 
  The 
  question 
  of 
  the 
  

   relative 
  cost 
  of 
  commercial 
  versus 
  home-made 
  lime-sulphur 
  is 
  gone 
  

   into, 
  and 
  the 
  authors 
  say 
  that 
  when 
  the 
  small 
  grower 
  can 
  buy 
  good 
  

   commercial 
  lime-sulphur 
  at 
  £2 
  per 
  barrel 
  there 
  is 
  little 
  or 
  no 
  saving 
  

   effected 
  by 
  preparation 
  at 
  home, 
  to 
  say 
  nothing 
  of 
  the 
  cost 
  of 
  plant 
  

   and 
  the 
  time 
  and 
  labour 
  involved. 
  The 
  use 
  of 
  the 
  hydrometer 
  for 
  

   determining 
  the 
  strengths 
  is 
  explained 
  and 
  dilution 
  tables 
  are 
  given. 
  

  

  Kerosene 
  emulsion. 
  The 
  authors' 
  formula 
  is 
  : 
  — 
  Ordinary 
  bar 
  soap 
  

   \ 
  lb., 
  soft 
  water 
  1 
  gal., 
  kerosene 
  2 
  gals. 
  This 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  the 
  

   concentrated 
  stock 
  solution 
  and, 
  if 
  properly 
  made, 
  will 
  keep 
  for 
  some 
  

   time. 
  For 
  use 
  on 
  trees 
  in 
  fohage 
  dilute 
  with 
  10-15 
  parts 
  of 
  water. 
  

   Montana 
  growers, 
  it 
  is 
  said, 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  very 
  successful 
  in 
  the 
  use 
  

   of 
  this 
  emulsion. 
  Soft 
  water 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  obtain 
  and 
  the 
  oil 
  soon 
  

   separates 
  and 
  causes 
  injury 
  if 
  used 
  upon 
  trees 
  in 
  fohage. 
  The 
  addition 
  

   of 
  soda 
  has 
  been 
  tried 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  remedy 
  this 
  defect, 
  but 
  the 
  result 
  was 
  

   not 
  very 
  satisfactory. 
  

  

  Linseed 
  oil 
  emulsion. 
  The 
  authors 
  say 
  that 
  against 
  oyster-shell 
  

   scale 
  this 
  emulsion 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  most 
  effective 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  large 
  

   (C67) 
  cl 
  

  

  