﻿582 
  

  

  quickly 
  and 
  economically 
  was 
  met 
  by 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  high 
  power 
  and 
  a 
  

   special 
  nozzle 
  (the 
  M.A.C.), 
  making 
  it 
  possible 
  to 
  cover 
  the 
  largest 
  trees 
  

   completely 
  from 
  the 
  ground. 
  It 
  is 
  essential 
  that 
  the 
  trees 
  be 
  covered 
  

   with 
  the 
  spray, 
  from 
  the 
  trunks 
  to 
  the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  twigs. 
  On 
  an 
  average, 
  

   34 
  gallons 
  per 
  tree 
  are 
  required 
  for 
  good-sized 
  trees, 
  and 
  by 
  having 
  

   experienced 
  workmen 
  and 
  using 
  large 
  quantities 
  the 
  average 
  cost 
  per 
  

   large 
  tree 
  amounts 
  to 
  25. 
  An 
  average 
  of 
  85 
  large 
  trees 
  per 
  day 
  was 
  

   sprayed 
  by 
  one 
  outfit 
  with 
  four 
  men 
  (seven 
  men 
  can 
  handle 
  two 
  

   outfits). 
  The 
  results 
  obtained, 
  while 
  not 
  accurately 
  measurable 
  the 
  

   first 
  year, 
  seemed 
  to 
  do 
  more 
  than 
  justify 
  the 
  cost 
  in 
  improved 
  

   condition 
  and 
  increased 
  growth 
  of 
  the 
  trees 
  and 
  nuts. 
  

  

  Vaile 
  (K. 
  S.). 
  Notes 
  on 
  Walnut 
  Aphis 
  Control. 
  — 
  Mthly. 
  Bull. 
  State 
  

   Commiss. 
  Hortic, 
  Sacramento^ 
  Cal., 
  iii, 
  no. 
  5, 
  May 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  

   221-223. 
  

  

  For 
  several 
  years 
  past, 
  ChromapMs 
  jitglandicola, 
  the 
  walnut 
  aphis, 
  

   has 
  done 
  considerable 
  damage 
  throughout 
  southern 
  CaHfornia. 
  

   Very 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  season 
  this 
  pest 
  becomes 
  numerous 
  on 
  the 
  leaves 
  

   and 
  on 
  the 
  nuts 
  as 
  they 
  are 
  just 
  setting. 
  A 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  honey- 
  

   dew 
  is 
  secreted, 
  following 
  which 
  the 
  sooty 
  fungus 
  coats 
  the 
  leaves 
  and 
  

   fruit, 
  choking, 
  to 
  a 
  large 
  extent, 
  the 
  respiration 
  of 
  the 
  tree. 
  The 
  

   leaves 
  often 
  droop 
  and 
  fall 
  to 
  the 
  ground 
  before 
  the 
  crop 
  is 
  half 
  matured. 
  

   Control 
  by 
  the 
  ladybird 
  beetles, 
  Hippodamia 
  convergens 
  and 
  Olla 
  

   abdominalis 
  has 
  proved 
  unsatisfactory, 
  and 
  is 
  hardly 
  to 
  be 
  recommended 
  

   as 
  worthy 
  of 
  trial. 
  Extensive 
  spraying 
  experiments 
  against 
  the 
  

   walnut 
  blight 
  showed 
  that, 
  although 
  there 
  was 
  comparatively 
  little 
  

   noticeable 
  effect 
  on 
  the 
  bhght, 
  there 
  was 
  a 
  decided 
  tendency 
  to 
  control 
  

   the 
  walnut 
  aphis 
  [see 
  this 
  Review^ 
  Ser. 
  A, 
  ii, 
  pp. 
  581-582]. 
  The 
  eggs 
  

   are 
  usually 
  laid 
  singly 
  in 
  young 
  buds, 
  or 
  in 
  crevices 
  on 
  larger 
  branches 
  ; 
  

   they 
  are 
  occasionally 
  found 
  in 
  groups 
  of 
  from 
  three 
  to 
  seven. 
  In 
  1912, 
  

   careful 
  inspection 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  February 
  showed 
  plenty 
  of 
  eggs, 
  

   but 
  no 
  evidence 
  of 
  stem-mothers 
  ; 
  the 
  fijst 
  stem-mothers 
  were 
  found 
  on 
  

   5th 
  March. 
  In 
  1913, 
  a 
  very 
  few 
  stem-mothers 
  were 
  found 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  

   15th 
  February 
  and 
  no 
  eggs 
  were 
  found 
  later 
  than 
  10th 
  March. 
  In 
  

   1914, 
  the 
  first 
  stem-mothers 
  were 
  found 
  on 
  6th 
  March 
  and 
  eggs 
  have 
  

   been 
  found 
  as 
  late 
  as 
  16th 
  March. 
  

  

  Co 
  AD 
  (B. 
  K.). 
  Feeding 
  Habits 
  of 
  the 
  Boll 
  Weevil 
  on 
  Plants 
  other 
  than 
  

   Cotton. 
  — 
  Jl. 
  Agric. 
  Research, 
  Washington, 
  D.C., 
  ii, 
  no. 
  3, 
  June 
  1914, 
  

   pp. 
  235-245. 
  

  

  Experiments 
  were 
  carried 
  out 
  by 
  the 
  author 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  

   investigations 
  on 
  the 
  biology 
  of 
  the 
  boll 
  weevil, 
  Anihonomus 
  grandis, 
  

   at 
  Victoria, 
  Texas, 
  on 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  the 
  boll-weevil 
  being 
  able 
  to 
  

   breed 
  in 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  native 
  malvaceous 
  plants. 
  Various 
  plants 
  were 
  

   tried 
  and 
  the 
  average 
  longevity 
  of 
  the 
  weevils 
  on 
  each 
  observed. 
  On 
  

   Sphaeralcea 
  lindheimeri, 
  the 
  weevils 
  fed 
  readily, 
  but 
  deposited 
  no 
  

   eggs 
  ; 
  the 
  hfe 
  of 
  the 
  weevil 
  was 
  short 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  unhkely 
  that 
  the 
  insect 
  

   would 
  ever 
  become 
  adapted 
  to 
  feeding 
  on 
  this 
  plant. 
  Weevils 
  fed 
  on 
  

   Callirrhoe 
  involucrata 
  and 
  C. 
  pedata 
  and 
  lived 
  a 
  comparatively 
  long 
  

   time, 
  but 
  their 
  chance 
  of 
  breeding 
  was 
  shght 
  and 
  only 
  observed 
  in 
  rare 
  

   instances. 
  From 
  experiments 
  made 
  with 
  A. 
  grandis 
  and 
  A. 
  grandis 
  var. 
  

  

  