﻿615 
  

  

  KONDRATIEV 
  (P.). 
  KTj 
  BOnpOCy 
  6opb6t 
  Cb 
  epeAHblMM 
  HactKOMWHM. 
  

  

  [On 
  the 
  question 
  of 
  fighting 
  insect 
  pests.] 
  — 
  « 
  flporpecCMBHOe 
  

   CaflOBOflCTBO 
  M 
  OropOAHI14eCTBO.» 
  [Progressive 
  Fruit-growing 
  and 
  

   Market-Gardening'], 
  Petrograd, 
  no. 
  30, 
  9th 
  August 
  1914, 
  

   pp. 
  933, 
  931. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  is 
  of 
  opinion 
  that 
  fumigation 
  ought 
  to 
  play 
  a 
  more 
  

   important 
  part 
  in 
  fighting 
  various 
  insect 
  pests 
  and 
  parasites 
  of 
  plants 
  ; 
  

   since 
  smoke 
  and 
  poisonous 
  gases 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  penetrate 
  into 
  all 
  parts 
  

   of 
  the 
  plants, 
  which 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  case 
  when 
  sprays 
  are 
  used. 
  Of 
  the 
  better 
  

   known 
  substances 
  used 
  for 
  fumigation, 
  viz. 
  : 
  — 
  potassium 
  cyanide, 
  

   tobacco, 
  tobacco 
  extract, 
  " 
  mortaphis 
  " 
  and 
  " 
  aphitoxin," 
  the 
  first- 
  

   named 
  is 
  not 
  always 
  easy 
  to 
  obtain, 
  besides 
  being 
  dangerous 
  in 
  use, 
  

   while 
  smoke 
  from 
  tobacco 
  extracts 
  has 
  not 
  given 
  good 
  results. 
  The 
  

   two 
  liquids, 
  " 
  mortaphis 
  " 
  and 
  " 
  aphitoxin," 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  latter 
  is 
  

   the 
  cheaper, 
  are 
  evaporated 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  small 
  lamps. 
  Aphitoxin 
  

   appears 
  to 
  contain 
  camphor, 
  and 
  the 
  necessity 
  of 
  experimenting 
  with 
  

   this 
  substance 
  as 
  a 
  material 
  for 
  fumigation 
  is 
  suggested. 
  The 
  follomng 
  

   recipe 
  for 
  a 
  preparation 
  used 
  with 
  success 
  in 
  the 
  author's 
  hot-houses 
  is 
  

   given 
  : 
  A 
  wine-bottle 
  half-filled 
  with 
  equal 
  parts 
  of 
  tobacco 
  extract 
  

   and 
  quassia 
  is 
  filled 
  up 
  with 
  crude 
  spirit 
  ; 
  this 
  mixture 
  is 
  left 
  for 
  10 
  to 
  

   12 
  days 
  in 
  a 
  warm 
  place 
  and 
  then, 
  after 
  dilution 
  with 
  an 
  equal 
  quantity 
  

   of 
  water, 
  is 
  evaporated 
  to 
  half 
  its 
  bulk, 
  when 
  the 
  spirit 
  evaporates 
  and 
  

   a 
  watery 
  extract 
  of 
  tobacco 
  and 
  quassia 
  remains 
  ; 
  to 
  this 
  a 
  piece 
  of 
  

   camphor 
  of 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  a 
  walnut 
  is 
  added. 
  This 
  mixture 
  is 
  evaporated 
  

   over 
  a 
  lamp 
  in 
  the 
  hot-house 
  over 
  night. 
  Another 
  patent 
  liquid 
  called 
  

   " 
  ara," 
  which 
  is 
  used 
  for 
  washing 
  and 
  spraying 
  plants 
  attacked 
  by 
  

   aphids 
  and 
  " 
  red 
  spiders," 
  was 
  also 
  found 
  effective 
  against 
  scale-insects. 
  

  

  Predit 
  (P). 
  Eopb5a 
  cb 
  KaMaiuKaMM 
  (MenKHMM 
  MypaBbflMM.) 
  [The 
  

   fight 
  against 
  small 
  ants.]— 
  « 
  PIporpecCMBHOe 
  CaflOBOflCTBO 
  M 
  Oro- 
  

  

  pOflHMMeCTBO.» 
  [Progressive 
  Fruit-growing 
  and 
  Market-Gardening], 
  

   Petrograd, 
  no. 
  30, 
  9th 
  August 
  1914, 
  p. 
  934. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  has 
  controlled 
  a 
  plague 
  of 
  ants 
  in 
  his 
  orchard 
  by 
  means 
  

   of 
  bait 
  traps 
  consisting 
  of 
  plates 
  filled 
  mth 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  sugar, 
  water 
  

   and 
  Paris 
  green. 
  He 
  has 
  found 
  this 
  more 
  satisfactory 
  than 
  pouring 
  

   a 
  30 
  per 
  cent, 
  solution 
  of 
  formahn 
  on 
  the 
  nests, 
  which 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  

   recommended. 
  

  

  Orzhelsky 
  (K.) 
  OKypuBaHie 
  cafla 
  flbiMOM"b 
  OT"b 
  Ta6aHH0M 
  nbrnw 
  bt> 
  

   6opb6t 
  Cb 
  fl6ji0HH0M 
  MeflflHMueio 
  B-b 
  1914. 
  r. 
  B-b 
  LiJ^rpoBCKOM-b 
  

   yfeafl'b. 
  [Fumigation 
  of 
  orchards 
  with 
  smoke 
  from 
  tobacco 
  dust 
  

   in 
  the 
  fight 
  against 
  Psylla 
  7nali 
  in 
  1914 
  in 
  the 
  Shigrovsk 
  dis- 
  

   trict 
  (govt, 
  of 
  Kursk).]— 
  «nporpeccMBHoe 
  CaflOBOflCTBO 
  m 
  Oro- 
  

   pOflHHHeGTBO.» 
  [Progressive 
  Fruit-growing 
  and 
  Market-Gardening], 
  

   Petrograd, 
  no. 
  35, 
  13th 
  September 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  1063-1062. 
  

  

  The 
  control 
  of 
  Psylla 
  mali 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  fumigation 
  was 
  only 
  begun 
  

   in 
  the 
  orchards 
  of 
  the 
  Shigrovsk 
  district 
  (government 
  of 
  Kursk) 
  in 
  

   1913 
  and 
  the 
  results 
  for 
  that 
  year 
  were 
  not 
  quite 
  effective, 
  which 
  the 
  

   author 
  attributes 
  to 
  insufficient 
  acquaintance 
  with 
  the 
  methods 
  of 
  

   applying 
  this 
  remedy. 
  This 
  pest 
  has 
  multipHed 
  enormously 
  during 
  

  

  