﻿623 
  

  

  Tortrix 
  rosana, 
  L., 
  injuring 
  pear 
  trees. 
  — 
  Jl. 
  Agric, 
  pratique, 
  Paris, 
  xxv 
  ii 
  

   no. 
  25, 
  18th 
  June 
  19U, 
  pp. 
  800-801. 
  

  

  In 
  dealing 
  with 
  Tortrix 
  rosana, 
  L. 
  {T. 
  laevigana, 
  Schiff.), 
  which 
  

   injures 
  pear 
  trees, 
  the 
  employment 
  of 
  natural 
  enemies 
  is 
  recommended. 
  

   Instead 
  of 
  burning 
  the 
  injured 
  leaves, 
  they 
  should 
  be 
  placed 
  in 
  tubs 
  

   covered 
  with 
  wire 
  gauze, 
  sufficiently 
  fine 
  to 
  permit 
  the 
  parasites, 
  but 
  

   not 
  the 
  moths, 
  to 
  escape. 
  The 
  mesh 
  should 
  be 
  about 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  miUimetres 
  

   (^"gths 
  to 
  o^ths 
  of 
  an 
  inch). 
  Sprays 
  are 
  only 
  useful 
  if 
  apphed 
  early. 
  

  

  Aaronsohn 
  (A.). 
  L'Olivier 
  en 
  Palestine. 
  Ennemis 
  de 
  I'Olivier. 
  [The 
  

   olive 
  in 
  Palestine. 
  OHve 
  pests.] 
  — 
  Rev. 
  Agric. 
  Vitic. 
  Afr. 
  Nord, 
  

   Algiers, 
  xii, 
  no. 
  119, 
  20th 
  June 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  590-591, 
  1 
  fig. 
  

  

  Locusts 
  are 
  only 
  an 
  occasional 
  pest 
  of 
  the 
  olive 
  in 
  Palestine, 
  their 
  

   last 
  appearance 
  dating 
  10 
  years 
  back. 
  At 
  the 
  present 
  time 
  the 
  larvae 
  

   of 
  Zeuzeura 
  pyrina 
  cause 
  the 
  most 
  anxiety. 
  They 
  first 
  appear 
  in 
  

   February 
  or 
  early 
  in 
  March, 
  and 
  may 
  then 
  be 
  easily 
  destroyed 
  before 
  

   injury 
  is 
  done 
  to 
  the 
  tree. 
  They 
  soon 
  attack 
  the 
  young 
  branches, 
  

   and 
  thence 
  bore 
  into 
  the 
  larger 
  branches 
  and 
  into 
  the 
  trunk. 
  The 
  

   larvae 
  take 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  years 
  to 
  develop 
  and 
  during 
  that 
  period 
  much 
  weaken 
  

   the 
  trees, 
  sometimes 
  kilhng 
  them. 
  The 
  best 
  method 
  of 
  control 
  consists 
  

   in 
  introducing 
  capsules 
  of 
  carbon 
  bisulphide 
  into 
  the 
  bore-holes 
  and 
  

   then 
  sealing 
  them 
  with 
  putty. 
  Natural 
  enemies 
  are 
  unknown, 
  though 
  

   some 
  dead 
  larvae 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  killed 
  by 
  a 
  fungus. 
  No 
  Zeuzera 
  

   larvae 
  have 
  been 
  noticed 
  on 
  wild 
  ohve-trees, 
  but 
  only 
  on 
  those 
  of 
  foreign 
  

   origin. 
  Holes 
  made 
  by 
  Hylesinus 
  fraxini 
  are 
  often 
  noticed 
  on 
  trees 
  

   weakened 
  by 
  Zeuzera, 
  but 
  never 
  on 
  healthy 
  trees. 
  Dacus 
  oleae 
  is 
  

   a 
  pest 
  of 
  wide 
  occurrence 
  and 
  only 
  controlled 
  by 
  natural 
  enemies. 
  

   Saissetia 
  (Lecanium) 
  oleae, 
  the 
  ohve 
  Psylla 
  [Euphyllura 
  olivina), 
  Prays 
  

   oleellus 
  {Tinea 
  oleae), 
  Margarodes 
  unionalis, 
  and 
  Paloeothrips 
  oleae 
  are 
  

   other 
  pests 
  of 
  less 
  importance. 
  

  

  Parker 
  (J. 
  K.). 
  The 
  Sugar-beet 
  Webworm. 
  — 
  Montana 
  Agric. 
  Expt. 
  

   Sta., 
  Bozeman, 
  Circular 
  no. 
  42, 
  June 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  75-86, 
  6 
  figs. 
  

  

  In 
  Montana 
  the 
  sugar-beet 
  webworm, 
  Phlyctaenodes 
  sticticalis, 
  L.' 
  

   is 
  abundant 
  over 
  all 
  the 
  sugar-beet 
  territory, 
  where 
  in 
  some 
  instances 
  

   it 
  has 
  already 
  reduced 
  the 
  tonnage 
  25 
  per 
  cent. 
  ; 
  the 
  most 
  extensive 
  

   and 
  injurious 
  outbreak 
  occurred 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1912. 
  The 
  

   author 
  refers 
  to 
  the 
  studies 
  of 
  Paddock 
  [see 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A, 
  i, 
  

   pp. 
  40-42] 
  and 
  gives 
  a 
  full 
  description 
  and 
  life-history. 
  Parasites 
  and 
  

   birds 
  are 
  useful 
  in 
  the 
  control 
  of 
  this 
  pest 
  and 
  the 
  author, 
  while 
  

   dealing 
  with 
  the 
  influence 
  of 
  weather 
  conditions, 
  says 
  it 
  is 
  noted 
  that 
  

   in 
  1912 
  a 
  severe 
  hailstorm 
  killed 
  great 
  quantities 
  of 
  half-grown 
  larvae. 
  

   Ploughing, 
  trap 
  lanterns 
  and 
  irrigation 
  ditches 
  [see 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A,|i, 
  

   p. 
  361] 
  are 
  control 
  methods 
  recommended, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  following 
  

   spray 
  : 
  Paris 
  green, 
  IJ 
  lb. 
  ; 
  soap, 
  3 
  lb. 
  ; 
  water, 
  50 
  gallons. 
  The 
  

   author 
  describes 
  a 
  small, 
  cheap 
  sprayer 
  which 
  may 
  be 
  fitted 
  up 
  from 
  

   an 
  ordinary 
  one-horse 
  two-row 
  beet 
  cultivator, 
  but 
  for 
  larger 
  fields, 
  of 
  

   20 
  acres 
  or 
  more, 
  geared 
  traction 
  sprayers 
  are 
  the 
  best. 
  It 
  is 
  very 
  

   important 
  that 
  beets 
  be 
  sprayed 
  while 
  the 
  larvae 
  are 
  small 
  ; 
  places 
  

   where 
  moths 
  are 
  first 
  noticed 
  should 
  be 
  examined 
  10 
  days 
  later, 
  and 
  

   if 
  eggs 
  or 
  larvae 
  are 
  found 
  operations 
  should 
  commence 
  immediately. 
  

  

  