﻿G34 
  

  

  then 
  splitting. 
  Under 
  the 
  injured 
  bark 
  the 
  author 
  has 
  noticed 
  

   galleries 
  containing 
  larvae 
  about 
  two-fifths 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  long, 
  which 
  he 
  

   believes 
  to 
  be 
  those 
  of 
  a 
  Lepidopteron, 
  very 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  

   grain 
  moth. 
  Toung 
  trees 
  with 
  a 
  soft 
  and 
  sappy 
  bark 
  are 
  mostly 
  

   attacked, 
  while 
  young 
  branches 
  on 
  old 
  trees 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  immune. 
  

   The 
  transition 
  to 
  the 
  adult 
  state 
  takes 
  place 
  late 
  in 
  February 
  or 
  early 
  

   in 
  March. 
  A 
  mixture 
  of 
  iron-sulphate 
  and 
  lime 
  solution, 
  containing 
  

   10 
  lb. 
  iron-sulphate 
  and 
  20 
  lb. 
  lime 
  in 
  20 
  gallons 
  of 
  water, 
  painted 
  on 
  

   at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  ^nnter, 
  should 
  prevent 
  oviposition. 
  

  

  Mayn6 
  (R.) 
  & 
  Vermoesen. 
  Le 
  "Sahlbergella 
  singularis" 
  et 
  le 
  

   Chancre 
  du 
  Cacaoyer 
  au 
  Mayumbe. 
  [Sahlbergella 
  singularis 
  and 
  

   Cacao 
  canker 
  in 
  Mayumbe.] 
  — 
  Bull. 
  Agric. 
  Congo 
  Beige, 
  Brussels, 
  

   Y, 
  no. 
  2, 
  June 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  261-281, 
  7 
  figs. 
  

  

  Six 
  species 
  of 
  Hemiptera 
  injure 
  cacao 
  in 
  Mayumbe, 
  producing 
  spots 
  

   on 
  the 
  pods 
  and 
  cankers 
  on 
  the 
  branches. 
  Of 
  these 
  Sahlbergella 
  

   singularis 
  is 
  the 
  most 
  dangerous 
  and 
  seems 
  to 
  confine 
  its 
  attacks 
  to 
  

   cacao 
  both 
  in 
  the 
  larval 
  and 
  adult 
  stages. 
  The 
  eggs 
  are 
  thought 
  to 
  be 
  

   laid 
  in 
  the 
  cankers 
  or 
  in 
  the 
  peduncle 
  of 
  the 
  pod. 
  They 
  hatch 
  at 
  the 
  

   beginning 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  rainy 
  season, 
  October-November 
  and 
  

   April-May, 
  the 
  adults 
  being 
  most 
  numerous 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  April 
  or 
  

   early 
  in 
  May, 
  and 
  comparatively 
  rare 
  in 
  the 
  dry 
  season. 
  Sahlbergella 
  

   larvae 
  are 
  very 
  sluggish 
  and 
  the 
  adults 
  rarely 
  fly 
  further 
  than 
  from 
  

   one 
  tree 
  to 
  another, 
  but 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  carried 
  further 
  by 
  the 
  wind. 
  

   This 
  pest 
  is 
  widely 
  distributed, 
  especially 
  in 
  old 
  plantations, 
  but 
  has 
  

   not 
  been 
  noticed 
  on 
  estates 
  under 
  three 
  years 
  of 
  age. 
  It 
  is 
  nocturnal 
  

   in 
  its 
  habits 
  and 
  chiefly 
  attacks 
  the 
  pods, 
  tree 
  stems, 
  leaf-petioles 
  

   and 
  fruit 
  peduncles, 
  but 
  not 
  the 
  leaves. 
  The 
  injury 
  done 
  to 
  the 
  pods 
  

   and 
  branches, 
  which 
  is 
  minutely 
  described, 
  seriously 
  affects 
  the 
  

   productiveness 
  of 
  the 
  trees 
  and 
  is 
  also 
  thought 
  to 
  shorten 
  their 
  Hfe. 
  

   It 
  is 
  also 
  feared 
  that 
  instead 
  of 
  bearing 
  for 
  from 
  15 
  to 
  20 
  years, 
  infested 
  

   trees 
  will 
  become 
  unproductive 
  after 
  10 
  years. 
  

  

  Other 
  Hemiptera 
  causing 
  canker 
  on 
  cacao 
  include 
  Helopeltis 
  sp., 
  

   and 
  Atelocera 
  serrata, 
  F. 
  

  

  To 
  check 
  the 
  ravages 
  of 
  Sahlbergella 
  or 
  other 
  Hemiptera 
  and 
  also 
  

   secondary 
  fungus 
  pests, 
  a 
  combination 
  of 
  Bordeaux 
  mixture 
  with 
  

   petroleum 
  soap 
  emulsion 
  is 
  recommended. 
  Wounds 
  should 
  be 
  smeared 
  

   with 
  vegetable 
  tar 
  (coal 
  tar 
  being 
  less 
  suitable), 
  and 
  dead 
  twigs, 
  

   branches, 
  etc., 
  should 
  be 
  collected 
  and 
  burned. 
  

  

  Gillette 
  (C. 
  P.). 
  Two 
  Colorado 
  Plant 
  Lice. 
  — 
  Entom. 
  News, 
  Philadel- 
  

   phia, 
  XXV, 
  no. 
  6, 
  June 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  269-275, 
  1 
  pi. 
  

  

  In 
  1908, 
  the 
  author 
  recorded 
  under 
  the 
  name 
  Schizoneura 
  populi. 
  

   Gill., 
  winged 
  migrants 
  of 
  Asiphum 
  pseudobyrsa, 
  Walsh, 
  found 
  in 
  

   company 
  with 
  an 
  apterous 
  form 
  of 
  a 
  species 
  of 
  Chermes 
  upon 
  the 
  

   bark 
  of 
  the 
  Balm 
  of 
  Gilead 
  {Popidus 
  balsamifera) 
  which 
  were 
  taken 
  

   to 
  be 
  the 
  alate 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  louse. 
  The 
  apterous 
  form 
  is 
  now 
  

   considered 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  new 
  species, 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  name 
  Chermes 
  populi 
  is 
  

   given 
  ; 
  the 
  alate 
  form 
  being 
  unknown, 
  though 
  the 
  apterous 
  lice 
  are 
  

   very 
  common 
  on 
  cotton- 
  wood 
  bark 
  in 
  Colorado. 
  Asiphum 
  pseudo- 
  

   byrsa 
  has 
  been 
  taken 
  from 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  Populus 
  coccinea 
  and 
  is 
  a 
  true 
  

   Asiphum. 
  

  

  