﻿635 
  

  

  PhyUaphis 
  quercifoliae, 
  sp. 
  n., 
  is 
  described, 
  and 
  was 
  taken 
  on 
  native 
  

   scrub 
  oak 
  in 
  Colorado. 
  It 
  was 
  very 
  abundant, 
  infesting 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  

   part 
  the 
  under 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  

  

  EsMENAED 
  (G.). 
  Le 
  tignole 
  deH'uva. 
  Osservazioni 
  ed 
  esperimenti 
  

   compiuti 
  nell'Alto 
  Canavese. 
  [The 
  Vine 
  Moths. 
  Observations 
  

   and 
  experiments 
  in 
  the 
  Alto 
  Canavese 
  region.] 
  — 
  Consigliere 
  

   delV 
  Agricoltore, 
  Turin, 
  ii, 
  no. 
  6, 
  June 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  190-194. 
  

  

  Satisfactory 
  results 
  were 
  attained 
  in 
  the 
  control 
  of 
  Clysia 
  amhiguella 
  

   and 
  Polychrosis 
  botrana 
  with 
  ordinary 
  Bordeaux 
  mixture 
  to 
  which 
  

   from 
  IJ 
  to 
  2 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  tobacco 
  extract 
  had 
  been 
  added. 
  Spraying 
  

   against 
  the 
  first 
  generation 
  was 
  carried 
  out 
  between 
  the 
  25th 
  May 
  

   and 
  the 
  2nd 
  June, 
  and 
  against 
  the 
  second 
  between 
  the 
  16th 
  and 
  20th 
  

   July. 
  In 
  a 
  vineyard 
  at 
  Ivrea, 
  8'57 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  treated 
  grapes 
  and 
  

   53" 
  66 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  untreated 
  ones 
  were 
  injured, 
  the 
  other 
  conditions 
  

   being 
  equal. 
  At 
  Palazzo, 
  the 
  figures 
  were 
  17*6 
  and 
  34*1 
  respectively 
  

   in 
  one 
  vineyard 
  and 
  8 
  and 
  16 
  in 
  another. 
  In 
  many 
  other 
  cases 
  the 
  

   improvement 
  was 
  clearly 
  visible 
  though 
  exact 
  figures 
  were 
  not 
  ascer- 
  

   tained. 
  Neither 
  leaves 
  nor 
  grapes 
  were 
  scorched, 
  except 
  in 
  one 
  instance 
  

   where 
  an 
  overdose 
  of 
  nicotin 
  had 
  been 
  used, 
  nor 
  was 
  the 
  flavour 
  of 
  

   grapes 
  or 
  wine 
  affected. 
  Sprapng 
  must 
  be 
  carried 
  out 
  at 
  the 
  proper 
  

   time 
  and 
  nicotin 
  is 
  always 
  preferable 
  to 
  arsenicals, 
  which 
  should 
  never 
  

   be 
  used 
  after 
  mid-July. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  considered 
  advisable 
  to 
  thin 
  the 
  

   fohage 
  [see 
  this 
  Review, 
  Ser. 
  A, 
  ii, 
  p. 
  557], 
  as 
  this 
  retards 
  ripening 
  ; 
  

   it 
  is 
  better 
  to 
  push 
  the 
  leaves 
  aside 
  when 
  spraying. 
  Shelter 
  traps 
  and 
  

   other 
  methods 
  of 
  capture 
  are 
  a 
  necessary 
  complement 
  to 
  spraying. 
  

   Shelter 
  traps 
  of 
  black, 
  white, 
  and 
  coloured 
  rags 
  tied 
  round 
  the 
  stocks 
  

   were 
  sometimes 
  found 
  to 
  contain 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  30 
  pupae 
  when 
  

   removed 
  in 
  November. 
  Dark-coloured 
  rags 
  are 
  preferred 
  by 
  the 
  

   larvae. 
  Cultural 
  methods, 
  such 
  as 
  the 
  substitution 
  of 
  masonry 
  and 
  

   wire 
  for 
  the 
  wooden 
  vine-stakes, 
  offer 
  notable 
  advantages, 
  as 
  regards 
  

   both 
  these 
  and 
  other 
  pests. 
  

  

  Sevastianov 
  (I.). 
  Pope 
  WMieneM 
  MC(|)apMHCKOM 
  flOnMHbl. 
  [The 
  cala- 
  

   mity 
  of 
  the 
  inhabitants 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  Isfara.] 
  — 
  « 
  TypKeCTaHGKOe 
  

   CeJlbCKOe 
  X03flMCTB0.» 
  [Agriculture 
  of 
  Turkestan], 
  Tashkent, 
  

   no. 
  6, 
  June, 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  530-555, 
  13 
  figs. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  a 
  lecture 
  dehvered 
  before 
  the 
  Turkestan 
  Agricultural 
  

   Society, 
  the 
  insect 
  pests 
  which 
  for 
  the 
  last 
  few 
  years 
  have 
  played 
  

   havoc 
  with 
  the 
  orchards 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  Isfara, 
  in 
  the 
  province 
  of 
  

   Fergana, 
  are 
  dealt 
  with. 
  Fruit-growing 
  forms 
  the 
  chief 
  occupation 
  of 
  

   the 
  inhabitants 
  of 
  this 
  valley, 
  which 
  annually 
  exports 
  from 
  eight 
  to 
  

   sixteen 
  thousand 
  tons 
  of 
  dried 
  peaches. 
  During 
  the 
  last 
  two 
  years 
  

   various 
  insect 
  pests, 
  principally 
  Cosmia 
  suhtilis, 
  Stgr., 
  and 
  Bistort 
  

   cinerarius, 
  Esch., 
  and, 
  to 
  a 
  less 
  extent, 
  Rhynchites 
  auratus. 
  Scop., 
  and 
  

   Coleophora 
  fabriciella, 
  Vill., 
  have 
  reduced 
  the 
  yearly 
  output 
  of 
  many 
  

   orchards 
  by 
  nearly 
  90 
  per 
  cent. 
  The 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  B. 
  cinerarius 
  injure 
  

   the 
  petals 
  and 
  sepals 
  of 
  the 
  blossoms 
  and 
  gnaw 
  the 
  outer 
  and 
  more 
  

   developed 
  leaves 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  buds, 
  while 
  those 
  of 
  C. 
  suhtilis 
  attack 
  the 
  

   unfolded 
  blossoms, 
  devouring 
  the 
  stamens, 
  ovaries, 
  etc., 
  but 
  leaving 
  

   the 
  petals 
  and 
  sepals 
  entangled 
  in 
  their 
  web, 
  which 
  is 
  thought 
  to 
  protect 
  

  

  