﻿647 
  

  

  Brunner 
  (N.). 
  fl6jiOHeBafi 
  Monb 
  h 
  nOnoHHan 
  nnoAOWopKa 
  [Hypono- 
  

   meuta 
  malinellu^s, 
  Zell., 
  and 
  Cydia 
  (Carpocapsa) 
  pomonella, 
  Z.] 
  — 
  

   « 
  riporpeCCMBHOe 
  CaflOBOflCTBO 
  M 
  OropOAHM4eCTBO.» 
  [Progressive 
  

   Fruit-Growing 
  and 
  Market-Gardening], 
  Petrograd, 
  no. 
  27, 
  19th 
  July, 
  

   pp. 
  870-872 
  ; 
  no. 
  28, 
  26th 
  July, 
  pp. 
  887-888 
  ; 
  and 
  no. 
  31, 
  16th 
  

   August 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  951-955. 
  1 
  fig. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  general 
  account 
  of 
  these 
  two 
  pests 
  in 
  orchards 
  of 
  various 
  

   districts 
  of 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  Ekaterinoslav. 
  The 
  remedies 
  recom- 
  

   mended 
  against 
  Hyponomeuta 
  malinellus 
  consist 
  of 
  destruction 
  of 
  

   the 
  eggs 
  and 
  the 
  pupae 
  by 
  cleaning 
  the 
  trees 
  in 
  autumn 
  from 
  the 
  

   *' 
  shields 
  " 
  containing 
  the 
  eggs, 
  the 
  removal 
  of 
  the 
  nests, 
  and 
  spraying 
  

   with 
  insecticides 
  against 
  the 
  caterpillars. 
  The 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  

   nests 
  must 
  be 
  done 
  late 
  in 
  spring, 
  when 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  have 
  already 
  

   pupated, 
  otherwise 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  escape. 
  A 
  long-armed 
  

   pruning 
  tool 
  (" 
  secateur 
  "), 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  removal 
  of 
  the 
  nests 
  

   can 
  be 
  performed, 
  is 
  figured. 
  The 
  following 
  recipes 
  for 
  insecticides 
  

   are 
  given 
  : 
  (1) 
  9 
  oz. 
  of 
  Paris 
  green 
  in 
  about 
  44 
  gallons 
  of 
  water 
  is 
  

   mixed 
  with 
  the 
  same 
  amount 
  of 
  water 
  in 
  which 
  15 
  oz. 
  of 
  freshly 
  slacked 
  

   lime 
  has 
  been 
  dissolved, 
  the 
  latter 
  solution 
  having 
  been 
  previously 
  

   filtered 
  ; 
  about 
  | 
  lb. 
  of 
  molasses 
  may 
  be 
  added 
  for 
  adhesive 
  purposes. 
  

   (2) 
  A 
  solution 
  of 
  barium 
  chloride, 
  1\ 
  lb. 
  to 
  the 
  gallon 
  of 
  water. 
  The 
  

   cost 
  of 
  both 
  these 
  insecticides 
  is 
  about 
  the 
  same, 
  being 
  about 
  £1 
  per 
  

   acre, 
  containing 
  260 
  trees, 
  allowing 
  about 
  5J 
  gallons 
  for 
  each 
  tree. 
  

   One 
  spraying 
  must 
  be 
  done 
  immediately 
  after 
  the 
  unfolding 
  of 
  the 
  

   leaves 
  and 
  another 
  one 
  after 
  the 
  blossoming. 
  

  

  As 
  remedies 
  against 
  (7. 
  pomonella, 
  spraying, 
  trap 
  belts, 
  and 
  the 
  

   destruction 
  of 
  fallen 
  fruits 
  are 
  recommended. 
  Again£> 
  I 
  the 
  first 
  genera- 
  

   tion, 
  the 
  spraying 
  must 
  be 
  done 
  twice 
  in 
  spring, 
  the 
  first 
  coinciding 
  

   with 
  the 
  second 
  spraying 
  against 
  Hyponomeuta 
  malinellus, 
  thus 
  

   effecting 
  a 
  saving 
  in 
  cost, 
  and 
  the 
  next 
  a 
  week 
  later. 
  In 
  South 
  Russia, 
  

   another 
  spraying 
  must 
  be 
  done 
  when 
  the 
  second 
  generation 
  appears. 
  

   Spraying 
  with 
  djipsin 
  is 
  less 
  satisfactory 
  than 
  with 
  Paris 
  green 
  or 
  

   barium 
  chloride. 
  Trap 
  belts 
  are 
  best 
  made 
  from 
  wood 
  shavings. 
  

   They 
  must 
  be 
  put 
  on 
  the 
  trees 
  at 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  July, 
  and 
  while 
  in 
  

   South 
  Russia 
  they 
  must 
  be 
  inspected 
  and 
  renewed 
  every 
  5-7 
  days 
  till 
  

   no 
  more 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  generation 
  appear, 
  in 
  North 
  Russia, 
  

   where 
  only 
  one 
  yearly 
  generation 
  exists, 
  they 
  can 
  be 
  left 
  on 
  the 
  tree, 
  

   without 
  any 
  control, 
  till 
  October 
  or 
  later, 
  when 
  they 
  must 
  be 
  removed 
  

   and 
  destroyed. 
  In 
  South 
  Russia, 
  trap 
  belts 
  are 
  again 
  necessary 
  from 
  

   the 
  end 
  of 
  August 
  against 
  the 
  second 
  generation, 
  and 
  must 
  be 
  removed 
  

   in 
  October. 
  

  

  Vermorel 
  (V.) 
  & 
  Dantony 
  (E.). 
  Sur 
  la 
  Composition 
  chimique 
  des 
  

   Bouillies 
  bordelaises 
  alcalines 
  et 
  sur 
  le 
  Cuivre 
  soluble 
  qu'elles 
  ren- 
  

   ferment. 
  [On 
  the 
  chemical 
  composition 
  of 
  alkahne 
  Bordeaux 
  

   mixtures 
  and 
  the 
  soluble 
  copper 
  which 
  they 
  contain.] 
  — 
  C. 
  R. 
  

   Acad. 
  Sci., 
  Paris, 
  chx, 
  no. 
  3, 
  20th 
  July 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  266-268. 
  

  

  Experiments 
  carried 
  out 
  by 
  the 
  authors 
  on 
  the 
  chemical 
  compo- 
  

   sition 
  of 
  Bordeaux 
  mixture 
  show 
  that 
  when 
  an 
  excess 
  of 
  lime 
  is 
  added 
  

   to 
  a 
  solution 
  of 
  copper 
  sulphate, 
  either 
  blue 
  hydrates 
  of 
  copper 
  or 
  

   green 
  basic 
  sulphates 
  of 
  copper 
  are 
  obtained, 
  according 
  to 
  whether 
  

  

  