﻿679 
  

  

  Kleine 
  (R.). 
  Chrysmiela 
  fastuosa, 
  L., 
  und 
  ihre 
  Nahrungspflanzen. 
  

   [Chrysomda 
  fastuosa, 
  L., 
  and 
  its 
  food-plants.] 
  — 
  Entom. 
  Bldttery 
  

   Berlin, 
  x, 
  nos. 
  3-4, 
  5-6 
  & 
  7-8 
  ; 
  15th 
  March, 
  11th 
  May 
  & 
  11 
  July 
  

   1914, 
  pp. 
  110-117, 
  146-148, 
  202-206, 
  9 
  figs. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  an 
  extensive 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  Labiate 
  food-plants 
  

   of 
  Chrysomela 
  fastuosa, 
  L., 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  endeavour 
  to 
  establish 
  some 
  

   relationship 
  between 
  the 
  genus 
  Chrysomela 
  and 
  its 
  food-plants. 
  The 
  

   paper 
  is 
  incomplete, 
  further 
  issues 
  of 
  the 
  publication 
  not 
  having 
  come 
  

   to 
  hand 
  from 
  Germany. 
  

  

  Topi 
  (M.). 
  Osservazioni 
  e 
  ricerche 
  suUe 
  Tignuole 
  della 
  Vite. 
  [Observa- 
  

   tions 
  and 
  researches 
  on 
  vine 
  moths.] 
  — 
  Atti 
  R. 
  Accad. 
  dei 
  Lincei, 
  

   Rome, 
  (5) 
  xxiii, 
  semest. 
  I, 
  fasc. 
  2, 
  21st 
  June 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  981-988; 
  

   semest. 
  II, 
  fasc. 
  1, 
  5th 
  July 
  1914, 
  pp. 
  15-18. 
  

  

  The 
  question 
  of 
  the 
  sites 
  of 
  hibernation 
  of 
  Clysia 
  and 
  Polychrosis 
  is 
  

   of 
  great 
  importance 
  in 
  the 
  struggle 
  against 
  these 
  pests. 
  French 
  obser- 
  

   vations 
  are 
  very 
  valuable, 
  but 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  condition 
  in 
  the 
  vineyards 
  in 
  

   Italy 
  which 
  does 
  not 
  exist 
  in 
  France, 
  namely, 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  canes 
  as 
  

   supports 
  for 
  the 
  vines, 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  an 
  internode 
  of 
  which 
  afiords 
  an 
  

   excellent 
  shelter 
  for 
  the 
  pupae. 
  According 
  to 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  vine, 
  

   six 
  to 
  twelve 
  canes 
  may 
  be 
  used, 
  and 
  though 
  not 
  all 
  are 
  cut 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  

   leave 
  the 
  top 
  internode 
  open, 
  this 
  is 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  them. 
  

   Further, 
  the 
  vines 
  are 
  allowed 
  to 
  grow 
  tall 
  and 
  each 
  will 
  have 
  from 
  

   two 
  to 
  three 
  feet 
  of 
  old 
  wood, 
  in 
  the 
  rough 
  bark 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  

   larvae 
  pupate. 
  The 
  rasping 
  of 
  the 
  old 
  bark 
  and 
  the 
  careful 
  

   cutting 
  of 
  the 
  tops 
  of 
  the 
  canes 
  are 
  therefore 
  elementary 
  but 
  

   necessary 
  precautions. 
  Spraying 
  the 
  stocks 
  with 
  boiling, 
  or 
  at 
  least 
  

   very 
  hot, 
  water 
  is 
  really 
  only 
  useful 
  against 
  Sparganothis 
  pilleriana. 
  

   On 
  20 
  vines 
  examined 
  19 
  pupae 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  canes 
  and 
  18 
  under 
  

   the 
  bark, 
  and 
  only 
  six 
  vines 
  yielded 
  no 
  pupae 
  ; 
  a 
  further 
  and 
  larger 
  

   series 
  of 
  observations 
  gave 
  much 
  the 
  same 
  result, 
  namely, 
  about 
  equal 
  

   nimibers 
  of 
  pupae 
  in 
  the 
  cane 
  and 
  under 
  the 
  bark. 
  The 
  canes 
  also 
  

   shelter 
  Hymenopterous 
  parasites 
  ; 
  out 
  of 
  100 
  pupae 
  so 
  collected, 
  57 
  

   yielded 
  moths, 
  22 
  were 
  parasitised, 
  and 
  the 
  remainder 
  were 
  attacked 
  

   by 
  fungi 
  or 
  were 
  empty. 
  In 
  the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  canes 
  were 
  found 
  a 
  Tene- 
  

   brionid 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Helops 
  and 
  the 
  larva 
  of 
  a 
  Melyrid 
  beetle, 
  Malachius 
  

   bipunctatus, 
  which 
  are 
  regarded 
  as 
  preying 
  on 
  the 
  pupae, 
  but 
  there 
  is 
  

   some 
  doubt 
  on 
  this 
  point, 
  as 
  healthy 
  pupae 
  were 
  frequently 
  found 
  

   associated 
  with 
  these 
  insects 
  and 
  when 
  kept 
  together 
  under 
  glass 
  the 
  

   pupae 
  were 
  not 
  attacked. 
  Of 
  the 
  57 
  imagines 
  above 
  referred 
  to 
  54 
  

   were 
  of 
  Polychrosis 
  and 
  only 
  three 
  Clysia. 
  In 
  fermentation 
  traps, 
  the 
  

   proportion 
  was 
  difierent, 
  viz., 
  73 
  Polychrosis 
  and 
  10 
  Clysia, 
  Clysia 
  

   was 
  observed 
  to 
  be 
  specially 
  abundant 
  in 
  certain 
  restricted 
  areas 
  and 
  in 
  

   some 
  places 
  to 
  the 
  complete 
  exclusion 
  of 
  Polychrosis. 
  Results 
  of 
  

   further 
  investigations 
  are 
  given 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  bait 
  traps, 
  the 
  dates 
  

   of 
  emergence, 
  and 
  the 
  relative 
  proportions 
  of 
  Clysia 
  and 
  Polychrosis. 
  

   A 
  vineyard 
  of 
  about 
  one 
  acre 
  in 
  area 
  in 
  the 
  midst 
  of 
  other 
  vineyards 
  

   was 
  selected 
  for 
  experiment; 
  four 
  glazed 
  earthenware 
  vessels 
  

   were 
  set 
  up 
  as 
  traps 
  and 
  filled 
  about 
  half 
  full 
  with 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  wine 
  

   lees, 
  molasses 
  and 
  water, 
  the 
  loss 
  by 
  evaporation 
  being 
  made 
  up 
  every 
  

   three 
  or 
  four 
  days. 
  From 
  July 
  9th 
  to 
  August 
  5th, 
  83 
  moths 
  were 
  taken. 
  

  

  