﻿689 
  

  

  sulphur 
  and 
  500 
  parts 
  of 
  water 
  should 
  be 
  used. 
  Commercial 
  sulphur 
  

   is 
  generally 
  fairly 
  pure, 
  and 
  building 
  lime 
  contains 
  95 
  or 
  96 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  

   pure 
  lime. 
  For 
  practical 
  purposes 
  the 
  following 
  amounts 
  are 
  recom- 
  

   mended 
  : 
  53 
  lb. 
  freshly 
  burnt 
  quicklime, 
  100 
  lb. 
  flowers 
  of 
  sulphur, 
  

   50 
  gallons, 
  i.e., 
  500 
  lb., 
  of 
  water, 
  to 
  make 
  50 
  gallons 
  spray 
  fluid. 
  

   Details 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  lime-sulphur 
  solution 
  are 
  then 
  given 
  : 
  

   boiling 
  should 
  be 
  carried 
  out 
  in 
  an 
  iron 
  boiler, 
  but 
  the 
  volume 
  of 
  the 
  

   boiled 
  mixture 
  should 
  not 
  exceed 
  three-quarters 
  of 
  the 
  containing 
  

   boiler. 
  Mark 
  the 
  height 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  cold 
  water 
  used 
  will 
  rise 
  when 
  

   it 
  is 
  boiled, 
  making 
  allowance 
  for 
  the 
  expansion 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  (50 
  

   gallons 
  equals 
  52 
  J 
  gallons 
  at 
  boiling 
  point). 
  Place 
  the 
  lime 
  and 
  

   sulphur 
  in 
  the 
  boiler 
  and 
  add 
  half 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  water 
  to 
  be 
  used, 
  

   mix 
  and 
  stir 
  thoroughly, 
  add 
  the 
  second 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  and 
  boil. 
  

   Boil 
  briskly 
  for 
  an 
  hour 
  from 
  the 
  time 
  the 
  mixture 
  is 
  raised 
  to 
  the 
  

   boiling 
  point 
  ; 
  stir 
  and 
  mix 
  carefully 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  sulphur 
  floating 
  on 
  

   the 
  surface 
  and 
  to 
  keep 
  down 
  the 
  froth, 
  which 
  will 
  reach 
  its 
  maximum 
  

   fiiteen 
  minutes 
  after 
  boiling 
  starts, 
  and 
  will 
  then 
  decrease. 
  Water 
  

   lost 
  by 
  evaporation 
  must 
  be 
  replaced 
  at 
  intervals 
  by 
  hot 
  water. 
  It 
  is 
  

   better 
  to 
  use 
  large 
  boilers 
  when 
  possible 
  ; 
  if 
  smaller 
  boilers 
  must 
  be 
  

   used 
  the 
  following 
  mixture 
  is 
  recommended 
  : 
  53 
  lb. 
  lime, 
  100 
  lb. 
  

   sulphur 
  and 
  25 
  gallons 
  of 
  water 
  boiled 
  together 
  for 
  an 
  hour 
  and 
  diluted 
  

   with 
  an 
  equal 
  volume 
  of 
  water 
  immediately 
  after 
  boiling 
  ; 
  less 
  than 
  25 
  

   gallons 
  of 
  water 
  cannot 
  be 
  used 
  with 
  these 
  quantities. 
  

  

  The 
  spray 
  fluid 
  should 
  be 
  diluted 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  for 
  winter 
  spraying, 
  

   add 
  1 
  gallon 
  concentrated 
  lime-sulphur 
  spray 
  to 
  7 
  gallons 
  water 
  ; 
  

   for 
  summer 
  spraying 
  of 
  deciduous 
  trees, 
  1 
  gallon 
  of 
  spray 
  to 
  28 
  of 
  

   water 
  ; 
  for 
  citrus 
  trees, 
  1 
  gallon 
  of 
  spray 
  to 
  20 
  of 
  water. 
  The 
  con- 
  

   centrated 
  lime-sulphur 
  solution 
  should 
  be 
  used 
  shortly 
  after 
  making, 
  

   the 
  estimated 
  cost 
  of 
  the 
  spray 
  being 
  4:d. 
  per 
  gallon. 
  The 
  lime 
  used 
  

   must 
  be 
  of 
  the 
  best 
  quality 
  and 
  freshly 
  burnt, 
  " 
  quick 
  Hme," 
  

   "stone 
  lime," 
  and 
  "building 
  lime" 
  are 
  the 
  best; 
  if 
  slaked 
  lime 
  is 
  

   used, 
  70 
  instead 
  of 
  53 
  lbs. 
  are 
  required, 
  and 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  really 
  freshly 
  

   slaked. 
  

  

  Froggatt 
  (W. 
  W.). 
  Pests 
  and 
  Diseases 
  of 
  the 
  Coconut 
  Palm. 
  — 
  

  

  N.S.W. 
  Dept. 
  Agric, 
  Sydney, 
  Science 
  Bull. 
  no. 
  2, 
  July 
  1914, 
  

   pp. 
  3-63, 
  9 
  plates, 
  9 
  figs. 
  

  

  Eurytrachelus 
  pilosipes, 
  Waterh., 
  does 
  much 
  damage 
  in 
  the 
  Solomon 
  

   Island 
  plantations, 
  though 
  unrecorded 
  from 
  other 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  world. 
  

   It 
  bores 
  into 
  the 
  stem 
  under 
  the 
  shelter 
  of 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  stalk 
  ; 
  

   3,000 
  were 
  collected 
  in 
  one 
  month 
  on 
  Ufa 
  Island. 
  It 
  also 
  occurs 
  on 
  

   papaw 
  trees. 
  Probably 
  like 
  other 
  Lucanid 
  beetles, 
  it 
  feeds 
  on 
  dead 
  

   or 
  dying 
  plant 
  tissue 
  and 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  fallen 
  timber 
  will 
  cause 
  

   the 
  disappearance 
  of 
  the 
  pest. 
  The 
  Dynastid 
  beetle, 
  Xylotrupes 
  

   nimrod, 
  Voet., 
  which 
  is 
  perhaps 
  not 
  distinct 
  from 
  X. 
  gideon, 
  L., 
  has 
  a 
  

   wide 
  range 
  over 
  the 
  coast 
  districts 
  of 
  New 
  Guinea, 
  the 
  Malay 
  Archi- 
  

   pelago, 
  New 
  Ireland, 
  Solomon 
  Islands 
  and 
  adjacent 
  groups. 
  It 
  

   bores 
  into 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  stalk, 
  thence 
  into 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   crown 
  of 
  the 
  palm, 
  where, 
  if 
  not 
  checked, 
  it 
  will 
  kill 
  the 
  terminal 
  

   bud 
  and 
  destroy 
  the 
  tree. 
  Another 
  Dynastid, 
  Trichogomphus 
  semme- 
  

   linki, 
  Ritz., 
  is 
  reported 
  to 
  damage 
  young 
  coconut 
  palms 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  way 
  as 
  X. 
  nimrod. 
  Oryctes 
  rhinoceros, 
  Lind., 
  is 
  common 
  

  

  (C98) 
  B 
  

  

  