﻿715 
  

  

  pith 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  fruits 
  of 
  the 
  walnut. 
  Attacked 
  fruits 
  can 
  be 
  easily 
  

   recognised 
  by 
  the 
  frass 
  of 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  pushed 
  out 
  through 
  the 
  

   entrance 
  hole. 
  When 
  mature, 
  they 
  pupate 
  in 
  cracks 
  or 
  holes 
  of 
  the 
  

   bark, 
  colonies 
  of 
  cocoons 
  being 
  formed 
  in 
  suitable 
  places. 
  Trap-belts 
  

   are 
  recommended 
  against 
  this 
  moth, 
  which 
  must 
  be 
  inspected 
  at 
  

   intervals 
  of 
  10 
  days 
  from 
  April 
  to 
  September. 
  Plums 
  are 
  also 
  

   damaged 
  by 
  Hoplocampa 
  fulvicornis, 
  Klug 
  ; 
  the 
  adult 
  sawflies 
  are 
  on 
  

   the 
  wing 
  in 
  April 
  and 
  deposit 
  one 
  egg 
  in 
  the 
  ovary 
  ; 
  the 
  larvae 
  

   penetrate 
  into 
  the 
  fruit 
  and 
  frequently 
  pass 
  from 
  one 
  fruit 
  to 
  another 
  ; 
  

   they 
  pupate 
  in 
  the 
  earth, 
  wintering 
  in 
  this 
  stage. 
  The 
  collection 
  and 
  

   destruction 
  of 
  damaged 
  fruit 
  and 
  cultivation 
  of 
  the 
  soil 
  underneath 
  

   the 
  trees 
  are 
  advised. 
  In 
  Turkestan 
  the 
  adult 
  beetles 
  of 
  Potosia 
  

   marginicollis, 
  Pall., 
  do 
  some 
  damage 
  by 
  feeding 
  on 
  fruits 
  injured 
  by 
  

   other 
  pests, 
  mostly 
  apples 
  and 
  pears. 
  

  

  Pests 
  which 
  suck 
  the 
  juices 
  of 
  plants 
  include 
  the 
  aphids, 
  Schizoneura 
  

   lanigera, 
  Hausm., 
  Aphis 
  mali,¥., 
  A. 
  piri, 
  Koch, 
  Hyaloptenis 
  pruni, 
  F., 
  

   A. 
  prunorum, 
  DobrovL, 
  and 
  Lachnus 
  persicae, 
  Choi. 
  The 
  last-named 
  

   mostly 
  attacks 
  peach-trees, 
  less 
  frequently 
  almond 
  and 
  apricot 
  trees 
  ; 
  

   the 
  summer 
  colonies 
  can 
  be 
  destroyed 
  by 
  careful 
  spraying 
  with 
  kero- 
  

   sene 
  or 
  quassia 
  emulsion, 
  while 
  smearing 
  with 
  California 
  mixture 
  is 
  

   recommended 
  against 
  the 
  winter 
  forms. 
  Among 
  scale-insects 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  are 
  Eulecanium 
  bituherculatum, 
  Targ., 
  E. 
  pyri, 
  Schr., 
  which 
  

   are 
  found 
  on 
  young 
  branches 
  of 
  apple 
  and 
  pear 
  trees, 
  Eulecanium 
  

   (Physokermes) 
  coryli, 
  L., 
  attacking 
  various 
  fruit 
  trees, 
  Lepidosaphes 
  

   ulmi, 
  L., 
  [Aspidiotus 
  conchiformis 
  and 
  Mytilospis 
  pomorum), 
  also 
  

   injuring 
  apple 
  and 
  pear 
  trees. 
  There 
  are 
  also 
  a 
  great 
  number 
  of 
  other 
  

   Cocci 
  ds 
  in 
  Turkestan, 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  which 
  have 
  not 
  yet 
  been 
  

   investigated. 
  Psylla 
  pyricola, 
  Forst., 
  and 
  Stephanitis 
  sp., 
  are 
  described. 
  

   The 
  latter 
  breeds 
  on 
  apple 
  and 
  pear 
  trees, 
  both 
  larvae 
  and 
  

   adults 
  sucking 
  the 
  lower 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  leaves. 
  The 
  black 
  eggs 
  of 
  this 
  

   pest 
  are 
  deposited 
  in 
  the 
  tissue 
  of 
  leaves 
  on 
  the 
  lower 
  side 
  from 
  

   which 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  egg 
  projects 
  slightly. 
  The 
  adults 
  winter 
  and 
  

   appear 
  in 
  April, 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  generations 
  occurring 
  during 
  the 
  

   summer. 
  The 
  remedies 
  consist 
  in 
  cleaning 
  the 
  bark 
  in 
  autumn, 
  

   destroying 
  all 
  rubbish 
  and 
  fallen 
  leaves 
  and 
  in 
  spraying 
  with 
  

   kerosene 
  or 
  quassia 
  emulsions 
  repeatedly 
  every 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  weeks. 
  

   Eriophyes 
  p)yy% 
  Pagst., 
  injures 
  the 
  foliage 
  of 
  pear 
  trees 
  and 
  Eriophyes 
  

   vitis, 
  Nal., 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  vine. 
  A 
  useful 
  spray 
  against 
  these 
  mites 
  

   consists 
  of 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  3 
  lb. 
  of 
  flowers 
  of 
  sulphur 
  and 
  3 
  lb. 
  of 
  Hme 
  

   in 
  27 
  gallons 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  The 
  third 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  book 
  deals 
  with 
  agricultural 
  and 
  market-garden 
  

   pests, 
  including 
  Pieris 
  brassicae, 
  L., 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  which 
  injure 
  

   cotton 
  in 
  Ferghana 
  and 
  Transcaspia, 
  some 
  90 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  the 
  crop 
  

   having 
  been 
  destroyed 
  in 
  1913 
  in 
  Ferghana, 
  also 
  maize 
  and 
  lucerne 
  ; 
  

   Chloridea 
  ohsoleta, 
  F., 
  which 
  is 
  particularly 
  injurious 
  to 
  cotton 
  in 
  

   Transcaspia 
  and 
  should 
  be 
  controlled 
  by 
  trap-crops 
  of 
  tomatoes 
  

   on 
  cotton 
  plantations, 
  which 
  must 
  be 
  inspected 
  every 
  week 
  ; 
  Chloridea 
  

   dipsacea, 
  L., 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  of 
  which 
  attack 
  lucerne, 
  tomatoes 
  and 
  

   cotton 
  and 
  have 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  generations 
  yearly 
  ; 
  Laphygma 
  

   (Caradri7ia) 
  exigua, 
  Hb., 
  and 
  Euholia 
  arenacearia, 
  Hb., 
  which 
  both 
  

   attack 
  lucerne 
  ; 
  Phlyctaenodes 
  (Eurycreon) 
  nudalis, 
  Hb., 
  injures 
  beet- 
  

   root. 
  Psychid 
  larvae 
  have 
  attacked 
  lucerne 
  and 
  cotton 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  