Hydrographical Observations from the Danmark Expedition. 381 



The distribution of temperature and salinity was the same as 

 at the stations in the coast water (see the diagrams). 



For the layers below 100 m. there is a striking resemblance be- 

 tween the diagrams for this station and those for St. LXXV in the 

 coastal water at ca. 77° N. L., 17 14° W. L. 



It might be thought, that such a great resemblance was a pure 

 chance, especially as the series LVIII was taken on June 7 — 8 and 

 the other on July 23, thus six weeks later, but the measurements 

 at Maroussia show, that in the inter\^al no changes occurred in the 

 deeper layers of the coast-water. This agreement between the series 

 therefore is no chance but indicates, that the hydrographical condi- 

 tions at the bottom of the submarine fjords are generally the same 

 throughout the whole layer of — 300 meters in depth, though there 

 is no communication between the fjords in the direction N. — S. be- 

 low 200 m. 



This strengthens the view, that the circulation in the deeper 

 layers does not proceed in the direction N.— S., but E. — W. from 

 the warm undercurrent in the eastern part of the Polar Current in 

 towards land. 



The observations were made in the beginning of June at a time 

 when the melting of the ice had not yet begun, nor is there any sign 

 of fresher water at the surface. The surface layer is rather more sa- 

 line than the underlying layers, probably owing to formation of thin 

 ice on the surface of the opening. 



In the uppermost 10 m. the sahnity was nearly constant at 32 p.m. 

 This homogenous layer may be considered to have been formed partly 

 by the separation of chlorides when the sea-water became frozen and 

 it has quite a small thickness by comparison with the corresponding 

 layer at Maroussia in the previous year, which was over 100 m. 

 deep. 



The reason for this difference, apart from the earlier mentioned 

 variation in the surface current, arises from the fact, that the ice in 

 the winter of 1907 — 08 was mainly snow-ice, which does not separate 

 out chlorides when formed, whilst the ice in 1906 — 07 was mainly 

 formed by direct freezing of the sea. 



Series LXI, LiUe Belt. 25 June 1908. 



The station lay in the middle of the Belt off Röse-Lobet. 



The distribution of temperature and salinity was in close agree- 

 ment л\а1Ь that found in the mouth of Øresund (at Maroussia) down 

 to a depth of 100 m. ; below this depth the temperature and salinity 

 became nearly constant, a consequence of the submarine ridges with 

 ca. 100 m. of depth over them in the mouth of Lille Belt. 



