FULIGULA FULIGULA. 239 



(40) FULIGULA FULIGULA. 

 THE CEESTED POCHAED or TUETED POCHARD. 



Fuligula cristata, Jerdon, B. I. iii, p. 815 ; Butler, Str. Featli. iv, p. 31 ; id. 



ibid. V, p. 23-4 ; Ball, ibid, y'u, p. 232 ; Hume, ibid. p. 496 ; id. Cat. no. 971 ; 



Hume 4' Mar. Game-B. iii, p. 277 ; Hume, Str. Featli. viii, p. 115 ; Vidal, 



ibid, ix, p. 93 ; Butler, ibid. p. 439 ; Held, ibid, x, p. 85 ; Davidson, ibid. 



p. 326; Barnes, B. of Bom. p. 414; Hume, Str. Feath. xi, p. 347. 

 Fulix cristata, Hume, Str. Feath. i, p. 265 ; Davids. Sc Wend. ibid, vii, 



p. 93. 

 Fuligula fuligula, Salvadori, Cat. B. M. xsvii, p. 363 ; Oates, Game-B. ii, 



p. 348. 

 Nyroca fuligula, Blanford, Fauna B. I. iv, p. 463. 



Description. Adult male. — Whole head, ueck, back, rump, tail, breast, wing- 

 coverts, under tail-coverts, and innermost flanks black. On the head there is a 

 certain amount of green gloss on the sides, and the crest and nape have purple 

 reflections ; the back, scapulars, and more or less oi: the wing-coverts have a very 

 fine powdering of the white, so fine as to often require careful looking for before 

 being found, and never enough to have any influence on the prevailing tint ; 

 primaries dark brown, the inner web of the first whitish at the base, fading into 

 brown elsewhere, the white on each quill increasing in extent until, on the inner- 

 most, only the terminal half-inch is dark. In all the quills the definition between 

 white and brown is gradual, not abrupt, the two colours gradually blending ; 

 outer secondaries white with black tips ; inner secondaries black, glossed with 

 gi'een. Abdomen white, sharply defined from the breast, but more or loss mottled 

 near the black flanks. Irides bright yellow ; bill deep slate, tipped black ; legs 

 dull lead-colour. 



Length about 17 inches, tail 2-1 to 3*0, wing 7'6 to 8-5, tarsus 1*5; bill 

 straight from front to tip 1*52 to 1-75, at widest point 0-86 to 0*90, and at 

 narrowest 0-65 to 0-70 ; crest from 1*75 to 2-72. 



Males. — " Length 16-6 to 17'2 inches, expanse 27*5 to 30*3, wing 7*8 to S-o, 

 tail from vent 2*5 to 3-25, tarsus 1-3 to 1*4, bill from gape 1-85 to 2-0. Weight 

 IJb. 8 ozs. to 2 lbs. | oz. 



" In adults the bills vary from dull leaden to light greyish blue, the nail and 

 extreme tip being black ; the irides golden yellow ; the legs and feet vary like 

 the bill : there is often an olivaceous tinge, especially on the tarsus, the joints 

 have usually a dusky tinge, the webs vary from dusky to almost black, and the 

 claws from deep brown to black. As a rule, the colours of the bill and legs are 

 duller and duskier in the female than in the male." (Hume.) 



Adult female. — Similar to the male, but has the black replaced by brown, and 

 the definition between the brown breast and the abdomen very much blurred and 

 mottled. A bird given me from the Indian Museum, Calcutta, has the whole of 



