FISHERIES OF THE PACIFIC COAST. 
217 
foot rope. When the net is finally landed the fish are taken out and 
loaded on a boat or steamer for transportation to the cannery. Ordina- 
rily about three hauls of a seine can be made on a tide, but sometimes 
four or five. 
From the mouth of the river to the Cascades there is more or less 
similarity in the methods of fishing; but at the Cascades and The 
Dalles, some 50 miles farther up the river, the velocity of the water is 
so great at many points that the salmon seek places where they can 
most readily pass. 
In his report on the salmon fisheries of the Columbia Eiver Maj. W. 
A. Jones remarks : 
The friction of the rocky bed and shore makes these points immediately along- 
shore, where one can stand and reach the fish with dip nets attached to long poles as 
they struggle by. These have been the favorite fishing spots of the Indians from 
time immemorial. Here the tribes came in summer, pitched their camps, and caught 
their winter’s supply of food. * * * The Indian has been driven from the field, 
and white men have obtained from the Government the exclusive* right to fish. In- 
dians are still employed, and the illustrations show both Indians and white men at 
work. 
When dip net fishing for salmon the fisherman stands on a rude plat- 
form jutting out over the river, and with a long downward stroke or 
thrust, sweeps the net along with the current as far as he can reach, 
with the end of the pole on his shoulder, his body being bent strongly 
forward in the act. If a salmon is caught, its struggles quickly notify 
the fisherman of the fact, and he immediately pulls up the net and lands 
the fish in a box built on the platform, or in a bag which is held open 
by one hand while the contents of the net are dumped with the other 
hand. Generally, “ water hauls v are most numerous, and the fisherman 
keeps on dipping until too weary to continue it longer. Often, however, 
when salmon are running plentifully, many hundred pounds are taken 
in a day by a single individual, though it is not infrequent for a man to 
work an entire day without getting a single fish. The fish are carried 
to the packing house by the squaws, who use large gunny bags sus- 
pended on the back by a strap around the forehead. 
The success of the dip-net fishery is very much greater than would 
naturally be supposed. Major Jones says : 
In one day during the seasou of 1887 at The Dalles fishery 4 nets took 22,000 pounds. 
In one season 4 nets took 800,000 pounds. At the date of my visit, July 9, 1887, 4 nets 
had taken 560,000 pounds up to date. During the first 7 days of July of this season 
[ 1886] these 4 nets took 114,000 pounds. These figures were given me by Mr. Seufert, 
the proprietor of the fishery at The Dalles. 
The dip-net fisherman occasionally operates squaw nets in connection 
with other fishing. He sets bis squaw net in a position where he can 
watch it while engaged in dipping, and practically within reach. When 
a salmon is gilled, he detects it instantly, and, dropping his dip net on 
the platform, he immediately pulls in on the tackle attached to the pole, 
