APODAL FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 
591 
of gape ; color mottled purplish brown; on a clear brown 
ground many small dark-brown and whitish specks. ] ( Stein - 
dachner. ) Porphyreus, 9. 
Dorsal beginning before gill-opening. 
e. Teeth all entire, with no serrations anywhere. (Gymnothorax). 
/. Teeth simple, none of them with basal lobes. 
g. Body without black transverse bands, or very large irregularly placed 
black spots. 
h. Body without small, round, bluish-white or yellow spots, the spots, 
if any, blackish or dull grayish. 
i. Dorsal with a distinct pale margin ; anterior nasal tube very short; 
eye small, smaller than gill-opening; teeth on upper jaw 
and vomer and front of lower jaw, biserial; vomerine 
teeth blunt and rounded; canines small, bluntish, not 
much larger than other teeth; head 2} to 2f in trunk, 4£ 
in tail; snout short and bluntish; cleft of mouth 3£ in 
head; eye 3 in snout; tail longer than rest of body by 
about a head’s length; color nearly uniform brown ; sides of 
head and trunk often with brown angular markings form- 
ing an indistinct network; margin of dorsal and anal dis- 
tinctly white; no dark streaks on dorsal; gill-opening 
small, somewhat dark ; lips pale-edged ; (color markings 
sometimes faint in old examples) Unicolor, 10. 
ii. Dorsal without distinct paler margin, or with merely the very 
edge whitish. 
j. Dorsal with a distinct black margin; anal with a pale edge. 
k. Color nearly plain brown, finely freckled ; teeth uniserial, 
about 13 on side of lower jaw ; vomerine teeth small, in 
a short row posteriorly; eye near angle of mouth, 3 in 
snout; head 3£ in trunk; tail about equal to head and 
trunk; color light chestnut-brown, finely freckled, but 
without distinct spots; dorsal with a conspicuous edge of 
blackish, the margin narrowly white; anal edged with 
white Verrilli, 11. 
kk. Color brownish, finely mottled with darker brown; teeth 
uniserial; lower jaw with about 22 teeth on each side; 
canines well developed ; gill-openings narrower than the 
eye ; eye large, 2 in snout, which is long, narrow, and 
pointed ; mouth capable of being completely closed ; cleft 
of mouth 2 to 2£ in head; head long, about half length 
of trunk; tail longer than rest of body by about £ length 
of head ; brown everywhere, finely mottled with darker 
brown or purplish; angle of month dusk}*; dorsal with 
a dusky edge, the fin marked with dark streaks as in G. 
funebris; anal edged with whitish; Mack spot at gill- 
opening faint or obsolete Vicinus, 12. 
jj. Dorsal without distinct darker margin, its border colored like 
the fin (or slightly darker in deeply colored specimens). 
1. (Body and. tail with close set dark points ; teeth uiiiserial; 
gill-opening larger than eye ; tail longer than rest of body ; 
depth of body 13* in length; head 3 in trunk; cleft of 
mouth not quite half head; olivaceous; head and tail with 
close-set dark points most distinct about gill-opening; 
snout chestnut ; dorsal mottled with gray and yellow ; anal 
with a yellow border. ) ( Foey .) Virescens,13. 
