826 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
STANDARDS FOR DAILY DIETARIES FOR PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT 
CLASSES. 
The demands of different people for nutrients in the daily food vary 
with age, sex, occupation, and other conditions, including especially the 
widely differing characteristics of individuals. The standards in Table 
IV, herewith, are intended to represent roughly the needs of average 
individuals of the classes named. Nos. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6, are as pro- 
posed by Yoit and his followers of the Munich school of physiologists, 
and are based upon observations of quantities actually consumed in a 
considerable number of cases. Nos. 7 and 8 are by Yoit, and based 
both upon quantities consumed by individuals under experiment and 
upon observed dietaries of a much larger number of persons in Ger- 
many. Nos. 9, 10, and 11 are by Playfair, and are based mainly upon 
observations of actual dietaries in England. No. 2 is calculated by the 
writer from the data and results used in Nos. 1 and 3. In Nos. 12, 13, 
14, and 15, by the writer, the data of Yoit, Playfair, and other European 
observers are taken into account, but the conclusions are modified by 
the results of studies of a considerable number of dietaries of people 
in the United States. 
Table IY. — Standards for daily dietaries for people of different classes. 
Classes. 
Nutrients. 
Potential 
Protein. 
Eats. 
Carbohydrates. 
Total. 
energy. 
Grms.* 
Grms. 
Grms. 
Grms. 
Calories. 
1. Children to lfc years 
28 (20 to 36) 
37 (30 to 45) 
75 ( 60 to 90) 
140 
765 
2. Children 2 to 6 years 
55 (36 to 70) 
40 (35 to 48) 
200 (100 to 250) 
295 
1, 420 
3. Children 6 to 15 years 
75 (70 to 80) 
43 (37 to 50) 
325 (250 to 400) 
443 
2, 040 
4. Aged woman 
80 
50 
260 
390 
1,860 
5. Aged man 
6. Woman at moderate work, 
300 
68 
350 
518 
2, 475 
German 
7. Man at moderate work, Ger- 
92 
44 
400 
536 
2,425 
man 
118 
156 
500 
674 
3, 055 
8. Man at hard work, German 
9. Man with moderate exercise, 
145 
100 
450 
695 
3, 370 
English 
119 
51 
531 
701 
3, 140 
10. Active laborer, English: 
156 
71 
568 
795 
3, 630 
11. Hard- worked laborer, English 
12. Woman with light exercise. 
185 
71 
568 
824 
3, 750 
American 
13. Man with light exercise >(or 
woman with moderate work), 
80 
80 
300 
460 
2, 300 
American 
14. Man at moderate work, Amer- 
100 
100 
360 
560 - 
2,815 
ican 
125 
125 
450 
700 
3, 520 
15. Man at hard work, American. . 
150 
150 
500 
800 
4, 060 
* One pound avoirdupois = 453.6 grammes ; 1 ounce — 28.3 grammes. 
ACTUAL DIETARIES OF DIFFERENT CLASSES OF PEOPLE. 
Table v gives the quantities of nutrients and potential energy in a 
number of observed dietaries. The figures for European dietaries are 
mostly by Yoit and his followers in Germany, and by Playfair in Eng- 
land. The American figures are by the writer; those for the Army and 
Navy rations are based upon the United States regulations, the rest - 
upon observation of actual dietaries. 
