EIELD AND FOREST. 25 



anterior offshoots of the second year deuteroceres, and the succeeding 

 (3) third, (4) fourth and (5) fifth anterior offshoots, respectively (3) 

 tritoceres, (4) tetartoceres, and (5) pemptoceres. * The antlers of Cer- 

 7'us, Elaphurus, and Cariacus may then be briefly defined as follows. 



In Cervus, the antlers have the main axis continuous in the proto- 

 ceres f and incurved backwards, the deuteroceres areprocurrent and de- 

 veloped as "brow-antlers," and the tritoceres, the tetartoceres, and 

 the pemptoceres diverge forwards from the protoceres. 



In Elaphurus, the antlers have the main axis continued into the 

 deuteroceres which are supra-current and bifurcate into an anterior 

 larger (and often sub-divided) and a posterior smaller prong, the pro- 

 toceres are deflected backwards, and the tritoceres are rudimentary or 

 absent. 



In Cariacus, the antlers have the main axis subspirally excurrent 

 into the tritoceres which generally bifurcate anteriorly, the protoceres 

 are abruptly supra current from the tritoceres, the deuteroceres arise 

 from the inner surface of the protoceres near their bases, and tetarto- 

 ceres are in some (Eucervus) developed, and in some (Cariacus s. %.) 

 suppressed. 



The duplication of the prongs need not be taken cognizance of in 

 this connection. 



It is but right to caution the general reader that the homologies 

 above noted are not of the same definite nature as those between cor- 

 responding bones and are somewhat artificial. The chief benefit re- 

 sulting from their recognition is in the conciseness and exactness of 

 description attainable therefrom. 



III. In 1873, tne comparison of the skeletons of deer in the Smith- 

 sonian collection forced on my attention most of the differences signa- 

 lized by Prof. Garrod, and also the fact that there were two entirely 

 distinct types manifested in the structure of the feet. In a communi- 

 cation to the American Association for the advancement of science, 

 at Hartford, in 1874, I communicated some of these results and 

 the following report (less typographical errors) was published in the 



* I consider these words Js English and therefore the terminal " ceres " as mon- 

 osyllabic. 



f Not infrequently the main axis is procurrrent into the tetartoceres or pempto- 

 ceres. 



