32 MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS ON APICULTURE. 



SHAKING. 



Shaking is briefly this: As soon as a colony is discovered dis- 

 eased, and at a time when there would be no robbing, it is shaken on 

 the old stand into a hive containing new frames with narrow strips 

 of foundation. In this way none of the contaminated honey is de- 

 posited in the new cells. Should the disease reappear, which is some- 

 times the case, the operation must be repeated. In order to prevent 

 the bees from swarming out, the queen may be caged in the hive for 

 a few days or the entrance closed with a piece of queen-excluding 

 zinc. Care should be taken not to scatter parts of the contaminated 

 hive, particularly the honey, where bees can get at them. 



DISINFECTION OF HIVE MATERIALS. 



Honey, unless it has been boiled as above described, should never 

 be fed back to bees. Wax, however, after being rendered and manu- 

 factured into foundation, is commonly used without apparent dan- 

 ger. It is customary in the East to put bees back into hives which 

 have formerly contained diseased colonies, after they have been 

 thoroughly cleaned of all bits of wax and honey. In the West, how- 

 ever, the hives are either burned out with oil, with a x blue-flamed 

 torch, or are disinfected with strong chemical disinfectants. All 

 frames should be burned, since it does not pay to clean them. 



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