GADWALL 139 
Italian: Canapiglia, Ridenna, Aneda saelvadega, Albera, Pignolo, Anitra montanara, 
Ervalora, Trigali. 
Maltese: Culuvert second. 
Croatian: Patka kreketaljka. 
Czech: Kaprivka. 
Polish: Kaczka cyranka. 
Russian: Serucha, Kraikovaia-utka, Polucha. 
Tartar: Kur-urdak. 
Bashkirs: Kugal. 
Hungarian: Kendermagos recze. 
Mongolian: Shiraegoi. 
Japanese: Okayoshigamo. 
Hindu: Mila, Bhuar, Beykhur. 
Bengali: Peing-hans. 
Nepalese: Mail. 
Sindhi: Burd. 
Mexican: Colcanauhtli. 
DESCRIPTION 
Adult Male: Top of head ruddy brown, mixed with indistinct blackish. Sides of head whitish, 
thickly speckled with blackish and having a nearly obsolete post -orbital stripe of brown. Neck 
nearly like cheeks; mantle and scapulars nearly black, highly ornamented with narrow wavy lines of 
white or buff. Tertials rusty brown to grayish. Back dark gray; rump and upper tail-coverts iri- 
descent green-black. Breast black with narrow crescentic white bars merging into whitish and with 
black bars as it shades off into the white of abdomen. Flanks vermiculated, dark gray and white, 
lower abdomen more or less grayish, under tail-coverts deep green-black. Lesser wing-coverts 
brownish, the median ones bright chestnut, forming a conspicuous patch, and the greater ones form- 
ing a black bar anterior to the speculum. Speculum formed by secondaries, which are black exter- 
nally and white internally. Primaries brown; under wing-coverts and axillars white. Tertials long 
and pointed and light gray in color. Tail grayish brown. 
Iris dark brown. Bill, culmen black except along cutting edge, where it is dull orange; lower maxil- 
lary dull orange on lower side. Legs and feet orange, webs dusky. 
Wing 259-278 mm.; bill 40-44; tarsus 40-43. 
Weight 2 pounds to 2 pounds 6 ounces (0.90 to 1.07 kilograms). 
Note: Old World specimens are the same size as American ones. 
Adult Female: General appearance somewhat like that of female Mallard, particularly head and 
upper side, but in adult plumage always whiter on abdomen, and having a large white wing-patch on 
the secondaries. The wing is the same as in the male, except that the chestnut patch is reduced to the 
tips of a few of the median wing-coverts. 
