FALCATED TEAL 
161 
defined and there is no aural spot nor any line ejstending backward from the angle of the mouth. 
As the ducklings grow the red on the cheeks vanishes. The young of Anas penelope are very often 
red on the cheeks, and have no face stripes. 
DISTRIBUTION 
The Falcated Teal is a migratory species whose habitat is eastern Asia, east of the Jenesei (Pallas, 
1831). I have been unable to find any specific record of its occurrence on the Jenesei, or anywhere in 
this region west of Irkutsk, where it is quite common (Radde, 1863). A. von Middendorff (1853) says 
that at Dudino on the Jenesei (69° 30' north latitude) a duck answering the description of the pres- 
ent species was said to have been taken, but this seems to me to be so far north as to 
be hardly more than a straggler. Suschkin (1913) also says it straggles to Minussinsk 
on the upper Jenesei, and breeds rarely on the lower Jenesei. Dresser (1871-81) describes an egg 
said to have come from Tolstoi Mir on the Jenesei. In Transbaikalia it is an abundant species 
(Radde, 1863; Dybowski and Parre.v, 1868; Lonnberg, 1909). Maak (1859) found it on the Chilka 
River and at Nerchinsk, but farther north it was rare on the lower Wiljui. Pawlowski also saw 
specimens on the Wiljui {fide Taczanowski, 1893), but it does not appear that the species goes 
farther north than about 65° north latitude to breed (Buturlin, 1908). Bunge and Toll (1887) ob- 
tained a specimen at Werchojansk, but were told that it was rare so far north. So far as I know 
this is the northernmost record. Farther east specimens were taken at Gichiga Kamchatka 
(J. A. Allen, 1905) and in Kamchatka, where the species is a regular but not common 
summer visitor (Stejneger, 1885). Stejneger thinks it may possibly breed on Bering Island, where 
specimens have been seen on passage. Hartert (1920) has recorded a number of speci- 
mens taken on the Commander Islands in April and May. The United States Na- jgian(js 
tional Museum possesses a specimen from Copper Island, and recently the species 
has been included in the list of North American birds on the strength of a specimen taken on St. 
George’s Island, Pribilov group, on April 18, 1917 (Hanna, 1920). 
In eastern Asia the Falcated Teal is evidently most abundant as a breeder in the Stanowoi Moun- 
tains and along the course of the Amur (A. von Middendorff, 1853; Radde, 1863; von Schrenck, 
1859). Various observers have found it on Saghalin Island, where it undoubtedly breeds (Taczan- 
owski, 1893; Lonnberg, 1908; Hesse, 1915). It occurs also on the Kurile Islands and on Yezo 
(Lonnberg, 1908) but I am unable to say whether or not it breeds there. On the 
mainland it nests throughout the Ussuri Province, particularly at Lake Chanka 
(Prjevalski, 1878). The Vettor Pisani Expedition took a specimen in immature plumage not far 
from Vladivostok. Whether or not the species nests in Manchuria seems to be an open question. 
Ingram (1909) met with it in the Chingan Mountains in June, and Baker (1908) 
claims to have notes of its nesting in Manchuria. Hume and Marshall (1879) state 
that it breeds in eastern Mongolia, their authority probably being Prjevalski (1878) who says some 
occasionally nest in the Ordos region of the Hoang-ho. Such occurrences must, I think, be very 
exceptional, since even in Korea the species is not known to breed (Taczanowski, 1893). 
In winter the Falcated Teal is common throughout the Japanese archipelago (Blakiston and Pryer, 
1882; Seebohm, 1890) from Yezo south. The American Museum of Natural History has a number 
of specimens collected in southeastern Korea in January, and it is common in Hupeh in winter (La 
Touche, 1922). It is equally well known and widely distributed in China, whence it japan 
has been recorded for Peking (David and Oustalet, 1877; Walton, 1903), Kiau-chow 
(Kleinschmidt, 1913), Shanghai (Wade, 1895), Chin-kiang and Nanking (La Touche, 
1913), Kiu-kiang (Styan, 1891) and Foochow and Swatow (La Touche, 1892; Kellogg, 1919). 
R. Swinhoe (1863), Uchida (1912) and others have recorded its presence in Formosa. Its status in 
western China is very uncertain; but it is now quite clear that it winters regularly to some extent 
Japan 
Mongolia 
China 
