234 
ANAS CAROLINENSIS 
Ham Sound (J. Grinnell, 1910). It appears to be rare on the lakes and rivers of the interior, but 
Dice (1920) found it rather common on the Kuskoquim, and it has been recorded from Ugasik and 
Nushagak, the mouth of the Kuskoquim and St. Michael’s (L. M. Turner, 1886). F. S. Hersey (1916) 
also recorded it from the latter place, while Nelson (1887) met with it farther up the river at Nulato 
and northward on the coast to Kotzebue Sound, Hotham Inlet and even Point Barrow. Further 
records for Kotzebue Sound are those of C. H. Townsend (1887) and J. Grinnell (1900). Bent (1912) 
has more recently shown that the statements of L. M. Turner (1886) and Nelson (1887) that the 
Green-wing breeds throughout the Aleutian chain, even west to Attu, are probably wrong. Careful 
examination showed nothing but European Green-wings (Anas crecca) on these islands. The west- 
ern limit of the American species is probably Unalaska, whence it has been recorded by Clark (1910) 
and Dali (1874) as well as by L. M. Turner (1886) and Nelson (1887). Specimens have also been 
taken on the Pribilovs, on St. George (Palmer, 1899) and St. Paul. A pair of this or of the Euro- 
pean species bred on the latter island in 1914 (G. D. Hanna, 1916). 
Alaska 
Japan 
Winter Range 
Although the Green-winged Teal wdnters chiefly south of the 40th parallel of north latitude, its 
cold-weather range extends much farther north on the Pacific coast, perhaps even to the eastern 
parts of the Alaskan peninsula. Teal, probably the European species, are said to be 
common in winter on Unalaska (Dali, 1874; L. M. Turner, 1886; Nelson, 1887). Nel- 
son (1887) even speaks of it as resident west to the island of Kyska, but probably refers to the Com- 
mon Teal of Europe and Asia. It is true, however, that on one occasion at least, the species has been 
taken in Asia, at Haneda, between Tokio and Yokohama, Japan, on February 16, 
1916 (Kuroda, 1920). At Sitka and in southeastern Alaska it winters regularly in 
small numbers (Willett, 1914; Bailey, MS.), while on the coa.sts of British Columbia it is common in 
the cold season (Kermode, 1904). It is more or less common on the coasts of Washington (W. L. 
Western Dawson and Bowles, 1909; and others) and is said to be a common resident in Oregon 
United (Pope, 1895-96) while it is abundant in California (Grinnell, Bryant and Storer, 1918). 
States Even in the interior States it is known to have wintered as far north as western Mon- 
tana (A. A. Saunders, 1921) and the Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming (U.S. Biological Survey). 
Farther south it winters in Nevada (A.O.U. Check-list, 1910) and in Utah (Cooke, 1906), as well as 
Central parts of Colorado (W. L. Sclater, 1912) and more abundantly in southern Arizona 
United (Swarth, 1914) and New Mexico. Eastward the species winters as far north as Ne- 
States braska (Bruner, Wolcott and Swenk, 1905) and southern Iowa (Cooke, 1906), and in 
the States to the south it is recorded for Kansas (Bunker, 1913; H. Harris, 1919), Missouri (Wid- 
mann, 1907), Oklahoma (Cooke, 1914), Arkansas (Howell, 1911), Texas (Strecker, 1912) and Louisi- 
ana, where, of course, it is very numerous (Beyer, Allison and Kopman, 1907; and others). East of 
the Mississippi it has wintered as far north as central Illinois (Ridgway, 1895; Cooke, 1906) and Indi- 
Eastem • Butler, 1898), apparently also in Ohio (W. L. Dawson, 1903), Pennsylvania 
United (B. H. Warren, 1890) and New York (Eaton, 1910). In Massachusetts, Rhode Island 
States Connecticut it is only a rare winter visitor (G. M. Allen, 1909), while farther north, 
in Nova Scotia it has wintered a few times (Tufts, 1918). Southward along the Atlantic coast it 
winters occasionally in New Jersey (W. Stone, 1909), in Delaware (Rhoads and Pennock, 1905) and 
in Maryland (Kirkwood, 1895). Apparently it is not able to winter in the Alleghanies, though it is 
described as common in Fulton County, Kentucky (Pindar, 1889) and at Reelfoot Lake, western 
Tennessee (Forest and Stream, vol. 6, p. 147, 1876). It is a common winter bird on the coast north to 
Virginia (Rives, 1890), being found everywhere in eastern North Carolina (T. G. Pearson, Brimley and 
Brimley, 1919), South Carolina (Wayne, 1910), Georgia and Florida (Scott, 1892; Cory, 1896; etc.), 
but in nothing like the numbers found on the Gulf Coast, and farther west. It apparently extends 
south only to Lake Okeechobee, Florida (U.S. Biological Survey). In Alabama a few winter on the 
