250 ANAS FORMOSA 
of the culinen which is so prominent as to mark the bird instantly when among 
Common Teal. 
Wariness. So far as known this species is as wary as most other ducks in the 
same region. A. von Middendorff (1853) found it very shy when in flocks, but less so 
when paired; and in spite of the fact that it is a very common bird on the lower 
Yangtse, comparatively few are shot (Styan, 1891). 
Daily jNIovements. There are no special observations on its daily movements 
and I presume that it is similar to many other true ducks in being crepuscular in its 
habits. 
Gait, Swimming, Diving. In its posture and movements there is nothing char- 
acteristic or remarkable. It never dives, and when on the water looks very like some 
of the other Teal. Finn (1915) referred to it as standing higher on its legs and run- 
ning more actively than the Common Teal and Garganey, but I cannot say that 
I ever noticed this. The bird is larger and heavier than the Common Teal and its 
legs are proportionally longer. 
Flight. No one has yet given a careful description of the flight either in the 
individual bird or in flocks. The birds usually live in companies of from fifteen to 
thirty (von Bunge, 1883; Ddrries, 1888) but in winter they collect in immense flocks 
on the lower Yangtse (Styan, 1891). I do not know whether the movements of a 
flock are as erratic and ploverlike as in the Common Teal {Anas crecca). 
Association with other Species. Judging from their behavior on enclosed 
waters I should say that these birds are very independent and slow to mingle with 
other water-fowl. The same trait seems to be characteristic in the field. Taczanow- 
ski (1893) says they rarely mingle with other species, and Styan (1891) tells us that 
on the lower Yangtse they are not found with the Common Teal. Radde (1863), 
how'ever, writing of the spring migration in the upper Amur country, says he once 
saw Formosan Teal resting on a bank with Mallard, Teal, Shovellers, Pintails and a 
few Widgeon. 
Voice. Any one who has visited collections of water-fowl in the spring can hardly 
have failed to hear the extraordinary note of the male Formosan Teal, which is en- 
tirely different from that of any other species. It is a very un-ducklike, dissyllabic 
note, which might be written wut-wot sometimes follow'ed by a more slowly uttered 
u'ot-wot-wot repeated ten to fifteen times when the bird is greatly excited. Others 
have transliterated this call as clock-clock, ruck-ruck or even mok-mok. There is a 
